Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical switch element, an optical switch device, an optical communication system, and an optical computer capable of operating even in a temperature range higher than the Néel temperature. An optical switch element (10) according to the present invention includes a substance including a plurality of transition metal elements having electrons in d-orbitals, and a plurality of anions arranged around each of the plurality of transition metal elements, in which the plurality of transition metal elements are arranged in a lattice form, t2g-orbitals into which the d-orbitals of each of the plurality of transition metal elements are split are connected annularly, and in a state in which the substance does not have a long-range magnetic order, the polarization of signal light (L1) is rotated when control light (C1) is applied.

Abstract: A pump unit and a pump capable of detecting characteristics of a conveyance article and a method for detecting the characteristics of the conveyance article. A pump unit includes an outer cylinder; an inner cylinder disposed on an inner circumference side of the outer cylinder; and a pressure supply chamber provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the pump unit being configured to convey a conveyance article in the inner cylinder by supplying a pressurizing medium into the pressure supply chamber and thereby causing the inner cylinder to expand inwardly in a radial direction, in which the pump unit further includes a conveyance article information acquiring device configured to acquire information on the conveyance article in the inner cylinder at a time when the inner cylinder is expanded.

Abstract: A muscle contraction detection sensor for detecting a muscle contraction that includes: a substrate to be mounted facing a muscle to be detected; at least two pressing members that are disposed on the substrate and are to be pressed against the muscle; and at least two reaction force detection units configured to detect respective reaction forces received by the pressing members, wherein the pressing members include a first pressing member and a second pressing member, the reaction force detection units include a first reaction force detection unit and a second reaction force detection unit, a muscle contraction is detected based on a change in a difference between, or a change in ratios of, the reaction force received by the first pressing member detected by the first reaction force detection unit and the reaction force received by the second pressing member detected by the second reaction force detection unit.

Abstract: A kneading method for kneading a mixture by repetitively forming a compressed space that is formed by an expanding-contracting body of a segment in an open state and an expanding-contracting body of a segment in a closed state adjacent to the segment in the open state and filled with the mixture in a compressed state pressed by the expanding-contracting body, by changing a combination of an operation state of each of the plurality of segments.

Abstract: A muscle contraction detection sensor for detecting a muscle contraction that includes: a substrate to be mounted facing a muscle to be detected; at least two pressing members that are disposed on the substrate and are to be pressed against the muscle; and at least two reaction force detection units configured to detect respective reaction forces received by the pressing members, wherein the pressing members include a first pressing member and a second pressing member, the reaction force detection units include a first reaction force detection unit and a second reaction force detection unit, a muscle contraction is detected based on a change in a difference between, or a change in ratios of, the reaction force received by the first pressing member detected by the first reaction force detection unit and the reaction force received by the second pressing member detected by the second reaction force detection unit.

Abstract: While there are various methods for acquiring biological information based on pulse waveforms, none of the methods have been implemented in a biological information reading device that can be constantly operated stably. Provided is a biological information reading device which has achieved high accuracy by removing disturbance components from a pulse signal acquired by means of a multi-axis pressure sensor or a plurality of single-axis pressure sensors, and which can be attached to an examinee at all times for continuous observation taking advantage of the small and light-weight feature of the pressure sensors.

Abstract: Provided is a therapeutic agent for ischemic disease that exhibits a tissue-protecting effect against tissue damage associated with ischemia. The therapeutic agent includes, as an active ingredient, a hemoglobin-albumin complex in which albumin serving as a shell is bound to hemoglobin serving as a core via a crosslinker. The therapeutic agent is used in treatment of ischemic disease.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide the eukaryotic microalgae, which have been genetically modified such that larger amounts of assimilation products produced by photosynthesis are directed to the synthesis of triglyceride (=triacylglycerol; TAG), and specifically, the present invention relates to a genetically modified strain of eukaryotic microalgae, in which a gene encoding an AGL1 protein is highly expressed, or a gene encoding an FAT1 protein and/or a gene encoding a DGAT2 protein are further highly expressed, as well as the gene encoding an AGL1 protein, wherein TAG productivity is improved in comparison to the parent strain thereof.

Abstract: To improve a reading speed and a writing speed while preventing occurrence of disturbance in a resistance storage element, specifically, a nonvolatile storage device that has a memory having at least one nonvolatile resistance storage element and a control unit configured to write a high resistance state or a low resistance state to the resistance storage element, wherein the control unit applies a bias to the resistance storage element in a verification operation carried out after writing the high resistance state, or applies a bias to the resistance storage element in a verification operation carried out after writing the low resistance state, these biases being in directions opposite to each other.

Abstract: A culture method for microalgae that cultures unicellular green microalgae belonging to the genus Coccomyxa and groups of organisms closely related thereto, or the Watanabea clade, in an open outdoor culture system using broth having a pH of 4 or lower. A culture method for microalgae that cultures microalgae of the genus Coccomyxa and groups of organisms closely related thereto, or Pseudococcomyxa, in an open outdoor culture system using broth having a pH of 4 or lower containing ammonia nitrogen.

Abstract: To reduce deterioration of non-volatile memory and write data at higher speed, writing data is stored in a ReRAM when a page utilization rate R is lower than a threshold Rth1 and/or the writing data is frequently-rewritten data. With an empty space Semp2 in the ReRAM being less than a threshold Sth (step S110), when the data in the ReRAM is infrequently-rewritten data and the page utilization rate R obtained if target data is stored in a flash memory 22 is equal to or higher than a threshold value Rth3 (steps S120 and S130), data of logical sectors contained in N logical page addresses stored in a transfer list is read from the ReRAM to be written to the flash memory (steps S140 to S160). These steps reduce deterioration of the flash memory and allow higher data writing.

Abstract: A semiconductor storage device includes at least one memory from among a primary memory, a mirror memory storing data corresponding to data stored in the primary memory, and a buffer memory; and a controller that controls the at least one memory so as to store data in the at least one memory and read data from the at least one memory.

Abstract: Degradation in processing capability due to copying during garbage collection is reduced. A data storage system includes a memory unit provided with a memory, into which data are written in units of pages, and a memory controller that controls writing of data to the memory; and a controller that indicates, to the memory controller, a logical page address to which data are to be written. The memory controller determines a target block that is a block to be erased when garbage collection is next performed and provides the controller with information on a logical page address corresponding to a physical page address of a valid page in the target block. The controller instructs the memory controller to write data to the logical page address received from the memory controller.

Abstract: To improve a reading speed and a writing speed while preventing occurrence of disturbance in a resistance storage element, specifically, a nonvolatile storage device that has a memory having at least one nonvolatile resistance storage element and a control unit configured to write a high resistance state or a low resistance state to the resistance storage element, wherein the control unit applies a bias to the resistance storage element in a verification operation carried out after writing the high resistance state, or applies a bias to the resistance storage element in a verification operation carried out after writing the low resistance state, these biases being in directions opposite to each other.

Abstract: A semiconductor storage device includes at least one memory from among a primary memory, a minor memory storing data corresponding to data stored in the primary memory, and a buffer memory; and a controller that controls the at least one memory so as to store data in the at least one memory and read data from the at least one memory.

Abstract: To improve a reading speed and a writing speed while preventing occurrence of disturbance in a resistance storage element, specifically, a nonvolatile storage device includes a memory including at least one nonvolatile resistance storage element and a control unit configured to write a high resistance state or a low resistance state to the resistance storage element, wherein the control unit applies a bias to the resistance storage element in a verification operation carried out after writing the high resistance state, or applies a bias to the resistance storage element in a verification operation carried out after writing the low resistance state, these biases being in directions opposite to each other. An object of the present invention is to improve a reading speed and a writing speed while preventing occurrence of disturbance in a resistance storage element.

Abstract: To reduce deterioration of non-volatile memory and write data at higher speed, writing data is stored in a ReRAM when a page utilization rate R is lower than a threshold Rth1 and/or the writing data is frequently-rewritten data. With an empty space Semp2 in the ReRAM being less than a threshold Sth (step S110), when the data in the ReRAM is infrequently-rewritten data and the page utilization rate R obtained if target data is stored in a flash memory 22 is equal to or higher than a threshold value Rth3 (steps S120 and S130), data of logical sectors contained in N logical page addresses stored in a transfer list is read from the ReRAM to be written to the flash memory (steps S140 to S160). These steps reduce deterioration of the flash memory and allow higher data writing.

Abstract: A wakefulness-maintaining device capable of maintaining a driver's wakefulness by making the driver aware of changes in sound characteristics.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus including: an input unit inputting first vibration information observed from a moving body; a generating unit generating second vibration information based on a periodic function including at least one parameter that models periodic motion of the moving body; and an estimating unit estimating the at least one parameter based on a comparison result for the first vibration information inputted by the input unit and the second vibration information generated by the generating unit. The estimating unit repeatedly estimates the at least one parameter based on a comparison result for the first vibration information and the second vibration information that has been regenerated by the generating unit using the estimated at least one parameter.

Abstract: A novel hemoglobin-albumin complex which has high stability of the oxygenated form, has high biocompatibility, and is easily prepared (synthesized), and an artificial plasma expander and an artificial oxygen carrier containing the complex are provided. The hemoglobin-albumin complex of the invention is characterized by having hemoglobin as the core, and albumin as the shell bound via a crosslinker to the above hemoglobin. Also, the artificial oxygen carrier of the invention is characterized by containing the hemoglobin-albumin complex of the invention.