Abstract: In one embodiment, a packet switching device creates multiple virtual packet switching devices within the same physical packet switching device using virtual machines and sharing particular physical resources of the packet switching device. One embodiment uses this functionality to change the operating version (e.g., upgrade or downgrade) of the packet switching device by originally operating according to a first operating version, operating according to both a first and second operating version, and then ceasing operating according to the first operating version. Using such a technique, a packet switching device can be upgraded or downgraded while fully operating (e.g., without having to reboot line cards and route processing engines).

Abstract: Techniques are presented for distributed processing Distributed-Input Distributed-Output (DIDO) wireless communication. A plurality of base stations (e.g., APs) are provided, each configured to wirelessly serve one or more wireless devices (e.g., clients). At least first and second base stations are configured to transmit simultaneously at an agreed upon time. The first and second base stations are each configured to locally generate steering matrix information used to spatially precode their respective data transmissions in order to steer their respective data transmissions to their one or more wireless devices while nulling to the one or more client devices of the other base station. Moreover, the first and second base stations are each configured to locally generate a transmit waveform by applying the steering matrix information to their respective data transmissions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for implementing a bidirectional multicast protocol with two types of join messages are disclosed. The two types of join messages, upstream joins and downstream joins, are used to control the Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) interface is added to the outgoing interface list for a particular multicast group, which in turn controls when multicast packets will be forwarded to the rendezvous point. One method involves receiving a multicast packet addressed to multicast group G. The method inhibits the multicast packet from being forwarded via the RPF interface, unless the outgoing interface list corresponding to the multicast group G already identifies the RPF interface. The RPF interface can be added to the outgoing interface list in response to reception of a downstream join message via the RPF interface, as well as in response to monitoring, via the RPF interface, an upstream join message on a shared network segment.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes identifying a packet at an upstream node in communication with a source and in communication with a downstream node through equal cost multiple paths including first and second multi-access networks, the packet transmitted on the first multi-access network and associated with a multicast group, and transmitting from the upstream node a request to the downstream node to join the group on the second multi-access network, if the upstream node is already transmitting data to the group on the second multi-access network, or a bandwidth utilization at the first multi-access network exceeds a specified threshold. An apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a secure computer telephony integration (CTI) connection is established between a call analysis and/or screening device and a call control agent. The call analysis device sniffs secure media packets between the endpoints and receives CTI events from the call control agent via the secure CTI connection. The device correlates the CTI events with the secure media packets, enabling the device to decrypt the packets to perform voice quality troubleshooting or call screening in real-time.

Abstract: An audio stream is segmented into a plurality of time segments using speaker segmentation and recognition (SSR), with each time segment corresponding to the speaker's name, producing an SSR transcript. The audio stream is transcribed into a plurality of word regions using automatic speech recognition (ASR), with each of the word regions having a measure of the confidence in the accuracy of the translation, producing an ASR transcript. Word regions with a relatively low confidence in the accuracy of the translation are identified. The low confidence regions are filtered using named entity recognition (NER) rules to identify low confidence regions that a likely names. The NER rules associate a region that is identified as a likely name with the name of the speaker corresponding to the current, the previous, or the next time segment. All of the likely name regions associated with that speaker's name are selected.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a method includes receiving, using one or more processors, a trigger expression. The method may include processing, using the one or more processors, the trigger expression, the trigger expression comprising a first one or more terms comprising a first one or more fields, to generate a reduced trigger expression. The reduced trigger expression includes a second one or more terms comprising a second one or more fields and being logically equivalent to the trigger expression. The method may include generating, using the one or more processors, a dynamic state machine by generating a first data structure comprising each of the second one or more fields, generating, based on the first data structure, an expanded trigger expression by adding one or more additional terms for possible state transitions, and generating, based on the expanded trigger expression, a second data structure.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a packet from a first host at a first edge device, the packet comprising a layer 3 address of a second host in communication with a second edge device, using the layer 3 address of the second host to receive a layer 2 address and a location identifier for the second host from a database accessible from a core network, the database comprising a mapping of layer 3 host addresses to layer 2 host addresses and location identifiers, and storing a mapping of the layer 2 address to the location identifier at the first edge device for use in forwarding packets to the second host. The first edge device is in communication with the second edge device in an overlay network defined by the edge devices interconnected by the core network. An apparatus and logic are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A telecommunications device includes an electronic memory to store at least a network address and a random number code, and a sound unit to transmit the network address and the random number code via ultrasonic sound waves. The telecommunications device also includes a network interface to communicate via a data network using the network address and a processor to establish a communication session with another device over the data network based upon receipt of a response from the other device via the data network, the response including at least the random number code. The telecommunications device does not establish the communication session with the other device if the random number code is missing from the response or if the random number code in the response does not match the random number code transmitted in the ultrasonic sound waves.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the provisioning and redundancy of RFID middleware servers. Middleware servers can be automatically provisioned and RFID device/middleware server associations can be automatically updated. Some implementations of the invention provide for automatic detection of middleware server malfunctions. Some such implementations provide for automated provisioning and automated updating of RFID device/middleware server associations, whether a middleware server is automatically brought online or is manually replaced. Changes and reassignments of the RFID device populations may be accommodated.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention includes a coax media converter (CMC) system communicatively coupled to at least one modem in a network system. The system includes a frequency reference configured to generate a clock signal in a local time domain. The system also includes a scheduling processor configured to extract a bandwidth allocation message from a data stream and to re-stamp each of at least one timestamp in the bandwidth allocation message in the local time domain based on the clock signal to generate a corresponding updated bandwidth allocation message comprising a respective at least one re-stamped timestamp. The system further includes a downstream physical interface configured to transmit the updated bandwidth allocation message to the at least one modem to schedule upstream burst transmissions from the respective at least modem based on the at least one re-stamped timestamp.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes assigning an identifier to a route computation at a network device, grouping route updates for the route computation, marking at least one route update for each group of route updates with the identifier, tracking flow of marked route updates at a plurality of routing components within the network device, and storing tracking data at the network device for use in convergence monitoring. An apparatus and logic are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device determines a need to resynchronize a broadcast and unicast frequency-hopping schedules on its network interface. In response to the need, the device may solicit the broadcast schedule from one or more neighbor devices having the synchronized broadcast schedule, and then establishes the unicast schedule for the network interface using communication during the synchronized broadcast schedule.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is provided for alleviating congestion in a network system. In this method, the receipt of data packets destined for a destination apparatus is detected. Flow control signals are also received with each flow control signal corresponding to a data packet. Various time periods are tracked with each time period being between the detection of the receipt of a data packet and the receipt of tracked corresponding flow control signal. An average of the time periods is calculated and this average is compared to a threshold. One or more data packets are dropped in reference to the comparison.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for operating a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)-capable subscriber node are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a MIMO-capable physical layer transceiver and a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer block that measures a received transmission to determine channel conditions. Upon receiving a transmission wherein said channel conditions meet specified conditions, the MAC layer block transmits a message to an access point indicating that the apparatus wants to switch between a non-MIMO mode and a MIMO mode, and upon receiving an acknowledgement, the MAC layer block switches between the non-MIMO mode and the MIMO mode. An apparatus for operating an access node is also disclosed.

Abstract: Traffic control techniques are provided for intercepting an initial message in a handshaking procedure for a secure communication between a first device and a second device at a proxy device. Identification information associated with the second device is extracted from the initial message. A policy is applied to communications between the first device and second device based on the identification information.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes generating a path validation packet at a network device, the path validation packet including a plurality of segment identifiers for use in segment routing and an operations, administration, and management (OAM) segment identifier for use in path validation, transmitting from the network device the path validation packet on a path having a plurality of routers associated with the segment identifiers, one of the routers associated with the OAM segment identifier, and validating the path if a return path validation packet is received. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Techniques are presented to summarize the Media Access Control (MAC) addresses behind a single edge port so that the Datacenter Ethernet edge devices do not learn the MAC addresses of individual end hosts connected to the Datacenter Ethernet network. At a line card of an Ethernet networking device connected to a DCE network, information is generated that summarizes Media Access Control (MAC) addresses of remote hosts reachable through a Datacenter Ethernet networking device of the Datacenter Ethernet network. A packet is received at the Ethernet networking device, wherein the packet is directed to one of the remote hosts. The packet is forwarded to one of the remote hosts using the information summarizing the MAC addresses of the remote hosts.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing self-aligned optical coupling between an opto-electronic substrate and a fiber array, where the substrate is enclosed by a transparent lid such that the associated optical signals enter and exit the arrangement through the transparent lid. The apparatus takes the form of a two-part connectorized fiber array assembly where the two pieces uniquely mate to form a self-aligned configuration. A first part, in the form of a plate, is attached to the transparent lid in the area where the optical signals pass through. The first plate includes a central opening with inwardly-tapering sidewalls surrounding its periphery. A second plate is also formed to include a central opening and has a lower protrusion with inwardly-tapering sidewalls that mate with the inwardly-tapering sidewalls of the first plate to form the self-aligned connectorized fiber array assembly. The fiber array is then attached to the second plate in a self-aligned fashion.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an echo canceller configured to cancel echo in a wideband voice conference is provided. A double-talk condition may be when a plurality of users are speaking substantially simultaneously. When a double-talk condition is detected in the wideband conference, a high-frequency process is enabled and used to process signals in the high band to reduce echo. Accordingly, echo in the high band may not be produced by end devices being used by the users' speaking. Also, the users speaking have the echo cancelled in the low band and substantial echo does not result. This results in the users speaking experiencing the conference in the narrowband. The other users that are not speaking, however, continue to receive wideband signals. The users not speaking also continue to have echo cancellation performed for the high band and low band because these users are not speaking and thus attenuation of their voices is not a consideration.