Abstract: An earth and root removing implement is formed from a cylindrical steel walled tube having a mouth at the front end for penetrating the earth into the root structure of a plant to be removed. To aid in penetration and permit disengaging of earth and roots received within the tube, the mouth includes an opening in the tube wall extending and tapering rearwardly to an apex. To maintain sufficient structural rigidity of the tube, the opening extends about the circumference of the tube for less than 180.degree. and defines in combination with the front end a scoop-like configuration. Attachment devices, including slots at the rear end of the tube for receiving the blade of a bucket of a front end loader and chains extending from the bucket to the tube, mounts the implement upon the bucket. By manipulating the bucket, and hence the implement, the implement is used to dig under, loosen and pry out of the earth the roots of selected plants.

Abstract: A method for creating a model for managing storm water is described which is capable of providing projected results and effects based upon varying the inputted data as a function of the consequences of presently made or proposed decisions by the decisionmakers. The severity of the storm event and/or the level of investment in mitigation infrastructure may be varied to view simulated, three-dimensional likely outcomes and losses. Data collected from a plurality of sources are converted into an electronic database which may be automatically and/or periodically updated. The model provided by modeling and simulation modules may be in the form of two- or three-dimensional visual presentations in an especially equipped multiple, computer-driven, projector screen room or may be in the form of a printed media for binding and distribution with screen images combined with text.

Abstract: A method for monitoring air pollution within a significant atmospheric volume and for providing real time and projected results and effects based upon varying the inputted data as a function of pollution abatement procedures that might be implemented. Data collected from a plurality of sources are converted into an electronic database which may be automatically and/or periodically updated. A series of software modules utilize the data for a series of specific representations. The output provided by modeling and simulation modules may be in the form of two- or three-dimensional visual presentations in a specially equipped multiple, computer-driven, projector screen room. The output may also be in the form of printed media for binding and distribution with screen images combined with text.

Abstract: A method for creating an electronic general plan for a municipality is described which is capable of providing projected results and effects based upon varying the inputted data as a function of the consequences of presently made or proposed decisions by the decisionmakers of the municipality. Sources of data collected from a plurality of sources are converted into an electronic database which may be automatically and/or manually updated periodically. A series of software modules utilize the data for a series of specific applications defined by the municipality. To portray the municipality at a specified future date, the methodology would utilize the full capabilities and data resident in the database. The output provided by modeling and simulation modules may be in the form of two- or three-dimensional visual presentations in an especially equipped multiple, computer-driven, projector screen room or may be in the form of a printed media for binding and distribution with screen images combined with text.

Abstract: A method for resolving an emergency incident is described which is capable of providing projected results and effects based upon varying the inputted data as a function of the consequences of presently made or proposed decisions by the decisionmakers. Sources of data collected from a plurality of sources are converted into an electronic database which may be automatically and/or periodically updated during the course of the emergency incident. A series of software modules utilizes the data for a series of specific applications to reduce the public risk. The output provided by modeling and simulation modules may be in the form of two-dimensional or three-dimensional visual presentations in specially equipped multiple, computer-driven screens at a command center.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the environment is described which is capable of providing projected results and effects based upon varying the inputted data as a function of the consequences of presently made or proposed decisions by decisionmakers. Sources of data collected from a plurality of sources are converted into an electronic database which may be automatically and/or periodically updated. A series of software modules utilize the data for a series of to-be-defined specific applications. To portray the environment at a specified future date, the methodology utilizes the full capabilities and data resident in the database. The output provided by modeling and simulation modules may be in the form of two- or three-dimensional visual presentations in an especially equipped multiple, computer-driven, projector screen room or may be in the form of a printed media for binding and distribution with screen images combined with text.

Abstract: Geographically related information is received from a plurality of sources, such as orbiting satellites, reconnaissance aircraft, photographs, maps, remote computer terminals, and the like, and is processed and integrated into a generic GIS to provide expanded information due to vast amount of data relating to geographic locations to increase the amount if information available and derivable. The processed data may be stored for later use, or it may be presented visually on a computer screen or printed to provide a hard copy. Interactive terminals may be used to provide data as desired in a real time setting. These data are manipulated to, (A) provide information of current value and utility to the user, and (B) to perform simulation of local/regional future scenarios to assess the sustainability of particular courses of action.