Abstract: Disclosed here are systems and methods including one or more FBCs and one or more suitable aftertreatment devices, including DOCs, DPFs, and suitable combinations thereof. The systems and methods disclosed may include selecting a suitable FBC for use with a fuel with a specified sulfur content. Systems and methods disclosed here may also include using one or more ECUs to control one or more FBC dosing/metering devices to supply FBCs from one or more FBC reservoirs in the presence of a specified event.

Abstract: Synergies resulting from combinations of catalyst systems including Copper-Manganese material compositions and PGM catalysts are disclosed. Variations of catalyst system configurations are tested to determine most effective material composition, formulation, and configuration for an optimal synergized PGM (SPGM) catalyst system. The synergistic effect of the selected SPGM catalyst system is determined under steady state and oscillating test conditions, from which the optimal NO/CO cross over R-value indicates enhanced catalytic behavior of the selected SPGM catalyst system as compared with current PGM catalysts for TWC applications. According to principles in the present disclosure, application of Pd on alumina-based support as overcoat and Cu—Mn spinel structure supported on Nb2O5—ZrO2 as washcoat on suitable ceramic substrate, produce higher catalytic activity, efficiency, and better performance in TWC condition, especially under lean condition, than commercial PGM catalysts.

Abstract: The effect of firing (calcination) cycle on metallic substrates in ZPGM catalyst systems is disclosed. ZPGM catalyst samples with washcoat and overcoat are separately fired in a normal, slow and fast firing cycles to determine the optimal firing cycling that may provide an enhanced catalyst performance, as well as the minimal loss of washcoat adhesion from the samples.

Abstract: Diesel oxidation ZPGM catalyst systems are disclosed. ZPGM catalyst systems may oxidize toxic gases, such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides that may be included in exhaust gases. ZPGM catalyst systems may include: a substrate, a washcoat, and an impregnation layer. The washcoat may include at least one carrier material oxides. The impregnation layer may include at least one ZPGM catalyst, carrier material oxides and OSMs. Suitable known in the art chemical techniques, deposition methods and treatment systems may be employed in order to form the disclosed ZPGM catalyst systems.

Abstract: Diesel oxidation ZPGM catalyst systems using Y1-x AgxMnO3 perovskite are disclosed. The ZPGM catalyst system compositions may include Y1-x AgxMnO3 perovskite in impregnation component and at least one carrier material oxide in washcoat. The ZPGM catalyst system compositions may also include Y1-x AgxMnO3 perovskite co-precipitated in a carrier material oxide as washcoat. The catalyst activity is measured with an inlet gas mixture containing diesel exhaust composition and characterized according to performance in NO oxidation, NO2 production, NO storage capability and diesel oxidation applications.

Abstract: A diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) system for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions, including oxidation of nitrogen oxides (NO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) is disclosed. Fresh and hydrothermally aged Zero-PGM (ZPGM) DOC samples are prepared and configured with an alumina-based washcoat on ceramic substrate, overcoat including doped Zirconia support oxide, and impregnation layer of Cu—Mn spinel of selected base metal loadings. Testing of fresh and hydrothermally aged ZPGM DOC system samples including Cu—Mn spinel is developed to evaluate the performance of Cu—Mn spinel active phase in oxidation CO, HC, and NO, as well as production of NO2. Key to improvement in light-off performance and NO oxidation is to have a diesel oxidation catalyst that is substantially PGM-free and available for a plurality of applications in lean burn engine operations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to selecting the layer of applying ZPGM active phase in washcoat, or applying ZPGM active phase in overcoat, for achieving optimized performance and enhanced thermal stability. Applying ZPGM active phase catalyst in overcoat shows improvements compare to applying ZPGM active phase in washcoat. The selected active phase material may include a chemical composition that is substantially free from PGM, including a formulation of stoichiometric Cu—Mn spinel structure active phase deposited on Niobium-Zirconium support oxide. The selected active phase layer applied in overcoat may include a washcoat of alumina coated on a suitable ceramic substrate. The disclosed active phase may be applied in overcoat to maximize efficiency of catalyst systems, which may exhibit enhanced catalytic activity properties, which may stable after aging and under steady state and oscillating condition, showing optimized performance purifying gases in TWC condition.

Abstract: A diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) system for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions, including oxidation of nitrogen oxides (NO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) is disclosed. Fresh and hydrothermally aged Zero-PGM (ZPGM) DOC samples are prepared and configured with an alumina-based washcoat on ceramic substrate, overcoat including doped Zirconia support oxide, and impregnation layer of Cu—Mn spinel of selected base metal loadings. Testing of fresh and hydrothermally aged ZPGM DOC system samples including Cu—Mn spinel is developed to evaluate the performance of Cu—Mn spinel active phase in oxidation CO, HC, and NO, as well as production of NO2. Key to improvement in light-off performance and NO oxidation is to have a diesel oxidation catalyst that is substantially PGM-free and available for a plurality of applications in lean burn engine operations.

Abstract: Synergized platinum group metals (SPGM) oxidation catalyst systems are disclosed. Disclosed SPGM oxidation catalyst systems may include a washcoat with a Cu—Mn spinel structure and an overcoat including PGM, such as palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh), or combinations thereof, supported on carrier material oxides. SPGM systems show significant improvement in abatement of unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO), and the oxidation of NO to NO2, which allows reduction of fuel consumption. Disclosed SPGM oxidation catalyst systems exhibit enhanced catalytic activity compared to PGM oxidation systems, showing that there is a synergistic effect between PGM and Cu—Mn spinel composition within the disclosed SPGM oxidation catalyst systems. Disclosed SPGM oxidation catalyst systems may be available for a plurality of DOC applications.

Abstract: Synergized Platinum Group Metals (SPGM) catalyst system for TWC application is disclosed. Disclosed SPGM catalyst system may include a washcoat that includes stoichiometric Cu—Mn spinel structure, supported on doped ZrO2, and an overcoat that includes PGM, such as platinum (Pt) supported on carrier material oxides, such as alumina. SPGM catalyst system shows significant improvement in nitrogen oxide reduction performance under lean and also rich operating conditions. Additionally, disclosed SPGM catalyst system exhibits enhanced catalytic activity for carbon monoxide conversion. Furthermore, disclosed SPGM catalyst systems are found to have enhanced catalytic activity compared to PGM catalyst system, showing that there is a synergistic effect between PGM catalyst, such as Pt, and Cu—Mn spinel within disclosed SPGM catalyst system, which help in activity and thermal stability of disclosed SPGM catalyst.

Abstract: Synergized Platinum Group Metals (SPGM) catalyst system for TWC application is disclosed. Disclosed SPGM catalyst system may include a washcoat with a Cu—Mn stoichiometric spinel structure and an overcoat that includes PGM, such as palladium (Pd) supported on carrier material oxides, such as alumina. SPGM catalyst system shows significant improvement in nitrogen oxide reduction performance under lean operating conditions, which allows a reduced consumption of fuel. Additionally, disclosed SPGM catalyst system also exhibits enhanced catalytic activity for carbon monoxide conversion. Furthermore, disclosed SPGM catalyst systems are found to have enhanced catalytic activity for fresh and aged conditions compared to PGM catalyst system, showing that there is a synergistic effect between PGM catalyst and Cu—Mn spinel within the disclosed SPGM catalyst system which help in thermal stability of disclosed SPGM catalyst.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to selecting the layer of applying ZPGM active phase in washcoat, or applying ZPGM active phase in overcoat, for achieving optimized performance and enhanced thermal stability. Applying ZPGM active phase catalyst in overcoat shows improvements compare to applying ZPGM active phase in washcoat. The selected active phase material may include a chemical composition that is substantially free from PGM, including a formulation of stoichiometric Cu—Mn spinel structure active phase deposited on Niobium-Zirconium support oxide. The selected active phase layer applied in overcoat may include a washcoat of alumina coated on a suitable ceramic substrate. The disclosed active phase may be applied in overcoat to maximize efficiency of catalyst systems, which may exhibit enhanced catalytic activity properties, which may stable after aging and under steady state and oscillating condition, showing optimized performance purifying gases in TWC condition.

Abstract: Synergized PGM (SPGM) catalyst systems including ZPGM material compositions and formulations are disclosed. Variations of catalyst systems are tested to determine the synergistic effect of adding ZPGM material to PGM catalysts. The synergistic effect is determined under isothermal oscillating condition from which enhanced OSC property indicates enhanced catalytic behavior of disclosed SPGM catalyst systems as compared with commercial PGM catalysts with OSM for TWC applications. Disclosed SPGM catalyst systems is free of rare earth metals and especially Ce and may have an optimal OSC property and optimal thermal stability that increases with the temperature, showing acceptable level of O2 storage even at low temperatures.

Abstract: Synergies resulting from combinations of catalyst systems including Copper-Manganese material compositions and PGM catalysts are disclosed. Variations of catalyst system configurations are tested to determine most effective material composition, formulation, and configuration for an optimal synergized PGM (SPGM) catalyst system. The synergistic effect of the selected SPGM catalyst system is determined under steady state and oscillating test conditions, from which the optimal NO/CO cross over R-value indicates enhanced catalytic behavior of the selected SPGM catalyst system as compared with current PGM catalysts for TWC applications. According to principles in the present disclosure, application of Pd on alumina-based support as overcoat and Cu—Mn spinel structure supported on Nb2O5—ZrO2 as washcoat on suitable ceramic substrate, produce higher catalytic activity, efficiency, and better performance in TWC condition, especially under lean condition, than commercial PGM catalysts.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to selecting support oxide for ZPGM catalyst for optimal performance under TWC condition, for achieving enhanced catalyst activity, and improved thermal stability during aging. The selected active phase material may include a chemical composition that is substantially free from PGM, including a formulation of stoichiometric Cu—Mn spinel structure active phase with Niobium-Zirconium support oxide, which may include a washcoat of pure alumina coated on a suitable ceramic substrate. The disclosed Cu—Mn spinel structure active phase with Niobium-Zirconium support oxide may be applied in overcoat to maximize efficiency of ZPGM catalyst systems, which may exhibit enhanced catalytic activity properties that may increase with temperature, showing optimized performance purifying gases in TWC condition, and enhanced stability during aging.

Abstract: Synergized Platinum Group Metals (SPGM) catalyst systems for TWC application are disclosed. Disclosed SPGM catalyst systems may include a washcoat with a Cu—Mn spinel structure, Cu1.0Mn2.0O4, supported on Nb2O5—ZrO2 and an overcoat that includes PGM supported on carrier material oxides, such as alumina. SPGM catalyst system that includes the spinel structure of Cu1.0Mn2.0O4 show significant improvement in nitrogen oxide reduction performance under stoichiometric operating conditions and especially under lean operating conditions, which allows a reduced consumption of fuel. Additionally, disclosed SPGM catalyst system with spinel structure of Cu1.0Mn2.0O4 also enhances the reduction of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon within catalytic converters.

Abstract: Hybrid PGM-ZPGM exhaust treatment systems are disclosed. The systems include a PGM close-couple catalytic converter followed by an underfloor ZPGM catalytic converter. The disclosed hybrid systems, including PGM based catalysts and zero-PGM based catalysts may replace pure PGM based exhaust treatment systems. The ZPGM catalyst compositions used may include copper and cerium as active ZPGM catalysts. The disclosed ZPGM underfloor converters may be designed to convert leaks from close-couple converters.

Abstract: Synergized Platinum Group Metals (SPGM) catalyst system for TWC application is disclosed. Disclosed SPGM catalyst system may include a washcoat with a Cu—Mn spinel structure and an overcoat that includes PGM supported on carrier material oxides, such as alumina. SPGM catalyst system shows significant improvement in nitrogen oxide reduction performance under stoichiometric operating conditions and especially under lean operating conditions, which allows a reduced consumption of fuel. Additionally, disclosed SPGM catalyst system also enhances the reduction of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon within catalytic converters. Furthermore, disclosed SPGM catalyst systems are found to have enhanced catalyst activity compared to commercial PGM catalyst system, showing that there is a synergistic effect among PGM catalyst and Cu—Mn spinel within the disclosed SPGM catalyst system.