Abstract: Pumping systems that have pumping system units utilizing venturi pumps. Such pumping systems can be used in speakers, to propel drones, and other applications. Actuation of the venturi pumps can be by piezoelectric actuators, magnetic actuators, electrostatic actuators, and other similar actuators.

Abstract: A cooler for cooling product pursuant to a distillation process, including a first substantially enclosed housing with an inlet proximate a first end for receiving product from a distillation unit, and an outlet proximate a second end for discharging cooled product, and a first auger substantially enclosed within the housing for driving the product from the inlet to the outlet, the auger having a helical blade circumscribing a perforated central hollow shaft for transmitting cooled gas into the housing to help cool product within the housing.

Abstract: An improved loudspeaker that has a plurality of stacks of cards having electrostatic transducers, in which one stack of cards has a different width as another stack of cards in the plurality of stacks. At frequencies above 200 Hz, and at the same drive voltage and current, the stack of lesser width produced significantly greater microphone voltage as compared to the stack of greater width cards. By combining the plurality of stacks of cards with different widths, this provides for the elimination of conventional cone drivers, and provides for improved sound both above and below 200 Hz using only electrostatic transducers. It also assists in maintaining a null sound plane that is beneficial for voice recognition.

Abstract: A system and method of providing, assembling and maintaining floating rows and/or arrays of photovoltaic solar panels and terrestrial or elevated based rows and/or arrays of photovoltaic solar panels.

Abstract: A control apparatus controls an optimizer that steps up a DC input voltage from a solar photovoltaic power generation panel to a predetermined DC high voltage and converts the stepped-up DC voltage into a grid connection voltage, and includes a microprocessor; a sensor group; and a MOS driver group. The microprocessor includes: a control logic unit; a maximum power point tracking control unit; a PWM control unit; a PFM control unit; an I/O port; a timer control unit; and an initial measurement unit. The sensor group includes a solar photovoltaic panel voltage detection circuit; a solar photovoltaic panel current detection circuit; an optimizer output voltage detection circuit; and an optimizer output current detection unit. Thus, even when the solar photovoltaic power generation panel is at a low power in a low output state, stable operation can be continued, and transistors can be protected from a surge voltage.

Abstract: A communications system and method of use thereof in which communication system includes a substrate and an array of pumps of mounted on the substrate. The array of pumps are operable for operating at a first frequency to produce sound waves at a second frequency. The first frequency is higher than the second frequency. IN some embodiments, the pumps in the array of pumps can include a first cavity having a first inlet and a first outlet, a first plurality of electrically conductive traces located within the first cavity, and a continuous sheet of electrically conductive material spaced apart from and in close proximity to the first plurality of electrically conductive traces. The first plurality of electrically conductive traces are operable for creating a first time-varying deflection in the electrically conductive material. The first time-varying deflection moves in the first cavity from the first inlet to the first outlet.

Abstract: Nanomechanical, nanoelectromechanical, and other molecular-scale pump assemblies are described. In certain embodiments, the pump assembly includes a cavity. The cavity includes a plurality of nanofilaments, a surface proximate at least one of the nanofilaments, a fluid flow path, and an opening. Molecules of a fluid that flows from the opening through the cavity along the fluid flow path collide with the surface or one or more of the nanofilaments such that the molecules are accelerated along the fluid flow path. A molecular-scale pump assembly includes a plate defining a plurality of openings, and a plurality of cantilevered molecular-scale beams positioned over each opening. In certain embodiments, molecules of a fluid are accelerated through the opening by asymmetric oscillation and in other embodiments charges are guided along a conductive channel by asymmetric collisions.

Abstract: An apparatus for distillation of feedstock, including a distillation chamber with an inlet for receiving feedstock and an outlet for discharging feedstock, and a plate for supporting the feedstock in the distillation chamber. The plate is positioned parallel to a substantially horizontal plane across a portion of the distillation chamber, and defines a plurality of transverse apertures extending transversely across a substantial portion of the width of the plate. A plurality of heating rods is included for insertion into the apertures of the plate to heat the plate. The apparatus also includes a conveyor enclosed within the distillation chamber and extending longitudinally across the distillation chamber, the conveyor having a plurality of paddles attached thereto that, when driven by the conveyor, move proximate and parallel to the plate to agitate feedstock on the plate, and to drive the feedstock from the inlet to the outlet of the distillation chamber.

Abstract: Electromagnet venturi pump/transducer systems and methods to make and use same. The membrane is made from a material that can be, for example, a steel membrane, having a ferrite disk that is pulled by the electromagnet to a set point and then the stiff membrane is oscillated about that set point.

Abstract: Systems and methods achieve the conversion of polymer containing material into petroleum products such as hydrocarbon gas, wax, crude oil and diesel. The reactor and its system are designed to subject the polymer containing material to pyrolysis in a way that results in a higher petroleum product yield than conventional existing systems. The system has controls which allow for the heating temperature, rotation of the body, and throughput rate, to be adjusted depending on the reaction time required for the material inside the reactor. The condensing system is able to separate the products into the desired petroleum products by percentage output ranging from wax to crude-like oil to diesel-quality oil.

Abstract: A case-baffle-stand system utilized with a dipole speaker, in which the case-baffle-stand system has a cover that, when opened, is a baffle to enhance the sound waves emitting from the speaker system and is also a stand to stabilize the speaker in its proper standing orientation, and when closed, protects the speaker.

Abstract: An improved loudspeaker that has a plurality of stacks of cards having electrostatic transducers, in which one stack of cards has a different width as another stack of cards in the plurality of stacks. At frequencies above 200 Hz, and at the same drive voltage and current, the stack of lesser width produced significantly greater microphone voltage as compared to the stack of greater width cards. By combining the plurality of stacks of cards with different widths, this provides for the elimination of conventional cone drivers, and provides for improved sound both above and below 200 Hz using only electrostatic transducers. It also assists in maintaining a null sound plane that is beneficial for voice recognition.

Abstract: Ultrasonic identification devices, and methods of making and use same. The present invention further relates to ultrasonic ID devices using membranes (such as membranes made of graphene or a polyester film).

Abstract: A solar photovoltaic output optimizer circuit includes a PV input device for receiving output of a solar photovoltaic panel; a switching device for converting a DC voltage input through the PV input device into a predetermined pulse voltage or AC voltage; and a voltage doubler rectification device for stepping up power output of the switching device to a predetermined voltage. The PV input device includes: an inductance L1 connected in series to “+” output of the PV panel; and a surge protection circuit that is connected in parallel to the inductance L1, operates so as to absorb surge voltage to occur in output of the inductance L1 only when output of the PV panel is small and normal control cannot be performed, and is automatically separated from the inductance L1 when the output of the PV panel is large.

Abstract: An improved compact electroacoustic transducer and loudspeaker system. The electroacoustic transducer (or array of electroacoustic transducers) can generate the desired sound by the use of pressurized airflow. The electroacoustic transducer can have vented stators and can have a strong-weak ultra-thin loudspeaker transducer pair design.