Abstract: An electrically controlled proportional valve provides for precise control of fluid flow using an armature which is positioned at the center of a spider. The armature is supported and biased axially by a plurality of springs that radiate outwardly from it. The springs support the armature for elastic movement in the axial direction, and hold it biased against a first port, so that the armature functions as a valve element, which normally closes that port. A magnet coil is positioned so that when energized it applies force to the armature, overcoming the bias of the springs and drawing the armature away from the first port. During armature movement the plurality of springs are deflected at their outer diameter against an angled surface on the valve case. The increased spring surface area that rests against the valve case causes a proportional relationship between the movement of the armature and the magnetic field created by the magnet coil.

Abstract: A fluid pressure operated cylinder having a removable cylinder head insert or "nose" that carries a replaceable piston rod pressure sealing means and a rod guide bearing. The bearing and seal are mounted around the piston rod bore, adjacent an axially inner end of the nose, and are protected from dirt by a wiping passage that extends to an axially outer end of the nose. The nose is removable from the head for replacement, without disassembly of the head from the cylinder body.