Abstract: The invention provides a method for the combined production of (i) a fertilizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphates or a combination thereof, (ii) a concentrated stream of CO2 through an indirect neutralization of ammonia with an acid selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof and a combination thereof; said method comprising: (I) reacting a carbonate product with a reagent selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof, and a mixture thereof to form CO2, and a fertilizer containing an ammonia component; and (II) separating at least a portion of said carbon dioxide from said fertilizer in a condensed and relatively concentrated stream.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for minimizing the emission of particulate matter and precursors thereof from a flue gas stream of an engine comprising particulate matter and precursors thereof and at least one gaseous component. The process includes the steps of obtaining a flue gas stream of an engine comprising particulate matter and precursors thereof; increasing the moisture content of the stream by contacting it with a first aqueous medium in an amount and at a temperature at which at least 50% of the water content of the first aqueous medium is evaporated; whereby a moisture laden gas stream, optionally containing suspension droplets, is formed; cooling the moisture laden gas stream whereby suspension droplets are formed; and applying a centrifugal force to the moisture laden gas stream and to the suspension droplets to effect the swirling thereof, whereby a treated gaseous stream and an aqueous stream are formed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the combined production of (I) a sulfur oxide containing product and (II) a fertilizer selected from a group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphates and a combination thereof, through an indirect neutralization of ammonia with an acid selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid and a combination thereof, the method comprising: a. contacting a precipitate containing calcium sulfite with a solution of nitric acid and a solution of ammonia in two separate steps, to form the fertilizer, the sulfur oxide containing product and a precipitate containing calcium hydroxide; and b. separating at least portion of the fertilizer, the sulfur oxide and the calcium hydroxide into three separated streams.

Abstract: A process for desulfurizing an SO2-comprising gaseous stream comprising the steps of: a. providing an aqueous feed comprising an anion selected from a group consisting of carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide, sulfite, and hydrogen sulfite; b. providing an SO2-comprising gaseous feed; and c. contacting the aqueous feed and the gaseous feed to generate a desulfurized gaseous product comprising less than 40% of the feed SO2 content, and an aqueous product; wherein the contacting is carried out in a cyclone unit comprising a housing defined by a cylindrical peripheral wall and provided with at least one inlet opening for receiving fluids thereinto and with at least one swirling means, and wherein the cyclone unit is characterized in that the velocity of the gaseous stream inside the cyclone unit is between 20 m/sec and 120 m/sec.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the combined production of (i) a fertilizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphates or a combination thereof, (ii) a concentrated stream of CO2 through an indirect neutralization of ammonia with an acid selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof and a combination thereof; said method comprising: (I) reacting a carbonate product with a reagent selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof, and a mixture thereof to form CO2, and a fertilizer containing an ammonia component; and (II) separating at least a portion of said carbon dioxide from said fertilizer in a condensed and relatively concentrated stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the absorption of sulfur dioxide from flue gases comprising the steps of: a) providing input seawater or brackish water; b) treating at least a portion of the seawater or brackish water to form a more concentrated solution of ions; and c) contacting the flue gas with an aqueous stream containing the concentrated solution to form flue gas with a reduced content of sulfur dioxide and a wash solution. wherein the treatment in stage (b) is a process selected from the group consisting of vacuum distillation, distillation, reverse osmosis, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A process for desulfurizing an SO2-comprising gaseous stream comprising the steps of: a. providing an aqueous feed comprising an anion selected from a group consisting of carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide, sulfite, and hydrogen sulfite; b. providing an SO2-comprising gaseous feed; and c. contacting the aqueous feed and the gaseous feed to generate a desulfurized gaseous product comprising less than 40% of the feed SO2 content, and an aqueous product; wherein the contacting is carried out in a cyclone unit comprising a housing defined by a cylindrical peripheral wall and provided with at least one inlet opening for receiving fluids thereinto and with at least one swirling means, and wherein the cyclone unit is characterized in that the velocity of the gaseous stream inside the cyclone unit is between 20 m/sec and 120 m/sec.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel and most efficient scrubber for the treatment of flue gases from power generation plants or from chemical plants, in order to absorb objectionable impurities, such as SO2, SO3, HCl, nitrous oxides, into a water-based solution, in which solids are not substantially precipitated. The novel scrubber comprises: a horizontal chamber, with a basis rectangular vertical cross section, divided along the horizontal axis into a number of compartments by vertically-draining demisters covering the whole vertical cross section; a shallow liquid-collecting sump in each compartment, which can be sloped in any convenient direction; a pump which distributes the liquid from each such sump, at a controlled flow-rate to a series of spray nozzles in the same compartment, generating 3-5 vertical “falling curtains” perpendicularly to the gas flow and covering the whole vertical cross section, while the liquid drops fall back into the sump.