Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, kits, and methods for purification and analysis of analytes having a broad range of hydrophobicities by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Using one set of liquid chromatography columns, one set of mobile phase buffers, and, optionally, a single ionization method (e.g., electrospray ionization), a wide range of analytes can be purified and analyzed on a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) system. LC-MS purification and analysis of analytes having a broad range of partition coefficients is accomplished by selecting LC run parameters and MS system parameters that are particular to different classes of analytes without having to make column or buffer changes or any other hardware configuration changes to the LC-MS system.

Abstract: A method and system of screening or selecting a mobile phase eluent for a chromatography column is provided. A sample for chromatographic analysis or purification is combined with a solvent and passed through a membrane. A pressure measurement is taken of the sample/solvent combination in the system prior to the membrane. The pressure measurement may be compared to a second pressure and an appropriate solvent may be selected based on the relationship between the first measured pressure and the second pressure.

Abstract: A method and system of screening or selecting a mobile phase eluent for a chromatography column is provided. A sample for chromatographic analysis or purification is combined with a solvent and passed through a membrane. A pressure measurement is taken of the sample/solvent combination in the system prior to the membrane. The pressure measurement may be compared to a second pressure and an appropriate solvent may be selected based on the relationship between the first measured pressure and the second pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for chromatographically analyzing each of a plurality of samples in detector, comprising an autosampler to contain a plurality of samples for chromatographic analysis and a plurality of chromatographic systems, each system comprising one or more pumps and one or more chromatography columns. A detector is included for detecting compounds in the samples from each of the chromatography systems along with a valve positioned between the detector and the plurality of chromatography systems, the valve permitting each sample to reach the detector in sequence. A computer control device is included which adjusts the introduction of samples from the autosampler into the plurality of chromatography systems as well as the position of the valve to sequentially separate and deliver compounds within the samples to the detector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for chromatographically analyzing each of a plurality of samples in detector, comprising an autosampler to contain a plurality of samples for chromatographic analysis and a plurality of chromatographic systems, each system comprising one or more pumps and one or more chromatography columns. A detector is included for detecting compounds in the samples from each of the chromatography systems along with a valve positioned between the detector and the plurality of chromatography systems, the valve permitting each sample to reach the detector in sequence. A computer control device is included which adjusts the introduction of samples from the autosampler into the plurality of chromatography systems as well as the position of the valve to sequentially separate and deliver compounds within the samples to the detector.

Abstract: A method of monitoring performance of liquid chromatography apparatus comprising an elongated chromatography column and having a conduit coupled to the column inlet for introducing a flow of liquid into said column preferably at very high pressure. Variations in a selected electromagnetic property, such as the electrical conductivity, of the liquid flow are measured, preferably in the conduit. Apparatus is configured so that respective volumes of sample liquid and eluant may be introduced into the conduit sequentially or substantially simultaneously with substantially no band-spreading when flowing through the conduit into the column. A pair of electrically conductive electrodes, coupled to metering means, are positioned at two spaced-apart locations within the conduit and are electrically insulated from each other and from the ends of the conduit.

Abstract: A system for separating compounds of relatively low molecular weight substantially not greater than about one kilodalton from compounds having relatively high molecular weights substantially an order of magnitude greater or more than the low molecular weight compounds in a liquid mixture. The system includes a chromatographic column packed with uniformly distributed rigid, solid, porous particles having chromatographically active, hydrophobic surfaces, average diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, and average pore diameters sufficiently small to substantially exclude introduction of the compounds of relatively high molecular weight into the pores. The mixture is pumped through the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000, until a band of the high molecular weight compounds exits the column. The low molecular weight compounds are then eluted and are recovered separately from the relatively high molecular weight compounds.

Abstract: A system for separating compounds of relatively low molecular weight substantially not greater than about one kilodalton from compounds having relatively high molecular weights substantially an order of magnitude greater or more than the low molecular weight compounds in a liquid mixture. The system includes a chromatographic column packed with uniformly distributed rigid, solid, porous particles having chromatographically active, hydrophobic surfaces, average diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, and average pore diameters sufficiently small to substantially exclude introduction of the compounds of relatively high molecular weight into the pores. The mixture is pumped through the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000, until a band of the high molecular weight compounds exits the column. The low molecular weight compounds are then eluted and are recovered separately from the relatively high molecular weight compounds.

Abstract: High pressure liquid chromatographic apparatus in which a fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with chromatographically reactive surfaces in the column is loaded into the column, and a number of plugs of different eluant fluids are injected into that column. The injections are made in a manner that minimizes the amount of eluant required. In one embodiment, the injections are made to insure that flow of at least the eluant fluids through the column will occur, preferably with a substantially flat wave front, at speeds corresponding to reduced velocities greater than about 5,000, i.e. at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids, thereby minimizing the time required for the entire succession of mixture and eluant fluids to traverse the column.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for liquid chromatography at improved analytical and preparative speeds and quantities involves flow of fluids through the column at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids. In one embodiment, the apparatus and method includes a substantially uniform chromatography column created by packing together a multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles having diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, surfaces of the particles being chromatographically active. A fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with the particle surfaces is injected into the column and subsequently eluted therefrom by a eluant fluid flow, both the injection and elution being effected at a velocity sufficient to induce flow within at least a substantial portion of the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000.

Abstract: High pressure liquid chromatographic apparatus in which a fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with chromatographically reactive surfaces in the column is loaded into the column, and a number of plugs of different eluant fluids are injected into that column. The injections are made in a manner that minimizes the amount of eluant required. In one embodiment, the injections are made to insure that flow of at least the eluant fluids through the column will occur, preferably with a substantially flat wave front, at speeds corresponding to reduced velocities greater than about 5,000, i.e. at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids, thereby minimizing the time required for the entire succession of mixture and eluant fluids to traverse the column.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for liquid chromatography at improved analytical and preparative speeds and quantities involves flow of fluids through the column at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids. In one embodiment, the apparatus and method includes a substantially uniform chromatography column created by packing together a multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles having diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, surfaces of the particles being chromatographically active. A fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with the particle surfaces is injected into the column and subsequently eluted therefrom by a eluant fluid flow, both the injection and elution being effected at a velocity sufficient to induce flow within at least a substantial portion of the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000.

Abstract: Method of chromatographically separating a mixture by contacting said mixture under chromatographic separation conditions with a chromatographic separation stationary phase comprising an N-acyl diazepine polymer. In a preferred from, the polymer has been rendered substantially alkali-stable by substitution for the hydrogen at the C3 position on the diazepine ring.

Abstract: Method of chromatographically separating a mixture by contacting said mixture under chromatographic separation conditions with a chromatographic separation stationary phase comprising an N-acyl diazepine polymer. In a preferred from, the polymer has been rendered substantially alkali-stable by substitution for the hydrogen at the C3 position on the diazepine ring.