Abstract: A delayed release coating comprising a mixture of a first material selected from starch; amylose; amylopectin; chitosan; chondroitin sulfate; cyclodextrin; dextran; pullulan; carrageenan; scleroglucan; chitin; curdulan and levan, and a second material which has a pH threshold at about pH 5 or above, is used to target release of a drug from a core to the intestine, particularly the colon.

Abstract: The invention relates, in part, to methods and compositions that are useful to modulate metabolic function of cells in vivo or in vitro. In some aspects the invention includes methods and/or compositions that increase metabolism in cells, tissues, organs, and/or subjects. In certain aspects the invention includes methods and/or compositions useful to decrease metabolism in cells, tissues, organs, and/or in subjects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compound for treatment and/or prevention of one or more metabolic disorders utilizes an A-B-C tripartite structure, wherein A, B, and C are identical or non-identical structures, for example, but not limited to, heterocyclic, phenyl or benzyl ring structures with or without substitutions and are described in detail herein. Also provided are methods for the treatment and/or prevention of one or more metabolic disorders, for example, obesity or diabetes, utilizing fatostatin A and/or a derivative and/or analog thereof and/or the A-B-C tripartite compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing neuroendocrine cancers via detecting the presence of N-methyl D-asparate-associated (NMDA) glutamate receptors type 1 and/or type 2. Methods for preventing and treating neuroendocrine cancers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A medical imager, primarily for use in oral and dental applications. The imager has a source for providing a plurality of collimated beams of non-ionizing radiation, in particular near-infrared light, and a plurality of correlated detectors. Each detector is arranged to receive unscattered light from one or part of one of said collimated beams and scattered light from one or more other beams. The imager further comprises means for using both the unscattered and scattered light to form an image.

Abstract: The current application describes tungsten oxo alkylidene complexes for olefin metathesis.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compositions and methods related to utilizing glycine and N-acetylcysteine for a variety of methods, including, for example, reducing deleterious effects of oxidative stress; treating and/or preventing diabetes; and/or increasing GSH levels.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting myopia are disclosed. A method for inhibiting myopia includes reducing a level of an intraocular cAMP in a subject. The level of the intraocular cAMP is reduced by injecting an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor to achieve the inhibition of myopia in the subject. In one method, the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor is SQ22536.

Abstract: The present invention provides for concentrated aqueous silk fibroin solutions and an all-aqueous mode for preparation of concentrated aqueous fibroin solutions that avoids the use of organic solvents, direct additives, or harsh chemicals. The invention further provides for the use of these solutions in production of materials, e.g., fibers, films, foams, meshes, scaffolds and hydrogels.

Abstract: Methods and systems involving image processing extract from an image and estimate unique intrinsic characteristics (scanner pattern) of a biometric scanner, such as area type fingerprint scanner. The scanner pattern is permanent over time, can identify a scanner even among scanners of the same manufacturer and model, and can be used to verify if a scanner acquired an image is the same as the scanner used for biometric enrollment, i.e., to authenticate the scanner and prevent security attacks on it. One method comprises selecting pixels from an enrolled and query image, masking useful pixels from the images, computing a similarity score between the common pixels of the enrolled and query useful pixels, and comparing this score with a threshold to determine whether the query image has been acquired by the same scanner as the enrolled image. The method can further comprise inverting the pixel values and/or filtering the selected pixels.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanowires and, in some aspects, to methods of using nanowire arrays to identify a therapeutic target for treating a disorder in a subject, identify a treatment for a disorder in a subject, or deliver a biological effector to immune cells. Previous techniques for delivering biological effectors into live immune cells yielded low efficiencies, activated the immune response and induced non-specific inflammation, and/or required harsh conditions that resulted in widespread apoptosis. By contrast, some of the methods described herein are capable of efficiently delivering biomolecular cargo into immune cells, have negligible toxicity, do not activate immune cell function, and/or allow cells to respond appropriately to physiological stimuli.

Abstract: The present invention is a gene expression panel of chemotherapeutic drug-resistant cancer stem cells comprising RIN1, SOX15 and TLR4. In one embodiment the cancer stem cells are testicular cancer germ cells. The present invention provides for a kit and method for determining response to treatment with decitabine at low doses.

Abstract: The present invention is based, in part, on the identification of novel antibodies that have binding affinity for both PD-L1 and PD-L2 and methods of using same. In one aspect, an isolated monoclonal antibody, or antigen-binding fragment thereof, which specifically binds both PD-L1 and PD-L2, is provided. In one embodiment, both PD-L1 and PD-L2 are human PD-L1 and human PD-L2.

Abstract: Silica core-shell microparticles are prepared by growing a porous silica shell from a silica precursor onto the surface of non-porous silica particle dispersed in a mixed surfactant solution under basic pH conditions. The particles are hydrothermally treating in an oil-in-water emulsion system and the particles are calcined to remove residual surfactants. Optionally, the particles of may be base etched to expand the size of the pores in the silica shell. Core-shell silica particles with an ordered mesoporous layer are produced.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of recombinant plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) isoform 23 in methods of increasing plasmin activity, inhibiting angiogenic vasa vasorum, promoting plaque regression and treating atherosclerosis by administering to a subject in need of treatment an effective amount of recombinant plasminogen activator inhibitor type isoform 23 (rPAI-123). In some embodiments, rPAI-123 is set forth in SEQ ID NOs:5-8. In other embodiments, rPAI-123 is administered at a dose in the range of approximately 2.5 ?g/kg/day to 20 ?g/kg/day. In further embodiments, the effective amount achieves a ratio of rPAI-123 to PAI-1 is in the range of approximately 1:2 to 3:1.

Abstract: A method of modulating plasma levels of branched chain amino acids and branched chain alpha-keto acids is disclosed, wherein an ammonia scavenger compound or a salt thereof, for example phenylbutyrate or an even numbered congener thereof or a salt thereof, is administered to an individual in need thereof. In various methods, a decrease in plasma levels of branched chain amino acids and branched chain alpha-keto acids is effected to treat individuals suffering from an inborn error in metabolism of amino acids, such as Maple Syrup Urine Disease, for example.

Abstract: The present invention features, inter alia, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions that include metyrapol as the sole pharmaceutically active agent; compositions that include metyrapol and at least one additional pharmaceutically active agent; compositions in which the agent targeting the HPA axis is, itself, new or modified (e.g., a bi-specific antibody designed to traverse the blood-brain barrier or a known compound redesigned by, for example, conjugation to a substance that traverses the blood-brain barrier); and compositions in which the agent targeting the HPA axis is newly formulated in such a way that it fails to significantly inhibit cortisol production in the adrenal gland. For example, the composition can be formulated to include a dosage that is too low to reduce plasma cortisol levels or formulated to preferentially affect the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to catalysts and processes for the Z-selective formation of internal olefin(s) from terminal olefin(s) via homo-metathesis reactions.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for delivering a bioactive moiety comprising at least one non-natural component into a cell cytosol of an eukaryotic cell. The bioactive moiety is linked to an A component of a bacterial toxin, a functional wild-type or modified fragment thereof, or an A component surrogate or mimetic. For delivery, the cell is contacted with the linked bioactive moiety and a corresponding B component of the bacterial toxin or a functional fragment thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for activating a dormant epithelial stem cell, or population thereof, to a state of multipotency comprising, reducing the level of ?Np63 in the cell(s). The dormant epithelial stem cell(s) may be a horizontal basal cell (HBC) of the olfactory epithelium and the level of ?Np63 may be reduced by contacting the cell or population with an effective amount of one or more agents that downmodulate ?Np63. One example of an agent is an RNAi. Also disclosed is a method for treating olfactory dysfunction in a subject, comprising activating HBCs of the subject by reducing the level of ?Np63 in one or more HBCs of the subject, to thereby treat the olfactory dysfunction. Activated horizontal basal cell (HBCs) are also disclosed.