Abstract: A hydrogen generating cell comprising an input electrode plate pair, an output electrode plate pair, an X plate electrode positioned adjacent the output electrode plate pair, and a plurality of intermediate electrode plates disposed between the input and output electrode plate pairs. A plasma torch is spaced apart from and inductively coupled to the input electrode plate pair. A pulsed DC voltage is applied to the plasma torch and X-plate, while a lower voltage pulsed DC is applied to the input and output electrode plate pair to cause generation of hydrogen gas from water in which the cell is immersed.

Abstract: Features for an aqueous reactor include a field generator. The field generator includes a series of parallel conductive plates including a series of intermediate neutral plates. The intermediate neutral plates are arranged in interleaved sets between an anode and a cathode. Other features of the aqueous reactor may include a sealed reaction vessel, fluid circulation manifold, electrical power modulator, vacuum port, and barrier membrane. Methods of using the field generator include immersion in an electrolyte solution and application of an external voltage and vacuum to generate hydrogen and oxygen gases. The reactor and related components can be arranged to produce gaseous fuel or liquid fuel. In one use, a mixture of a carbon based material and a liquid hydrocarbon is added. The preferred carbon based material is powdered coal.

Abstract: Features for an aqueous reactor include a field generator. The field generator includes a series of parallel conductive plates including a series of intermediate neutral plates. The intermediate neutral plates are arranged in interleaved sets between an anode and a cathode. Other features of the aqueous reactor may include a sealed reaction vessel, fluid circulation manifold, electrical power modulator, vacuum port, and barrier membrane. Methods of using the field generator include immersion in an electrolyte solution and application of an external voltage and vacuum to generate hydrogen and oxygen gases. The reactor and related components can be arranged to produce gaseous fuel or liquid fuel. In one use, a mixture of a carbon based material and a liquid hydrocarbon is added. The preferred carbon based material is powdered coal.

Abstract: A controller for an oil fired burner for operating the ignitor initially in an interrupted mode, and instructing the burner to switch to intermittent ignition for a plurality of call-for-heat (“CFH”) cycles if it is determined that the flame quality is insufficient during the flame-proved period. On the last predetermined iteration cycle, a reset condition occurs; setting a counter back to zero, and a retry ignition is performed to operate once again in interrupted ignition mode. When the apparatus is in interrupted ignition mode, if the current CFH cycle ends normally by satisfying the call, the ignition will remain in the interrupted ignition mode.

Abstract: Features for an aqueous reactor include a field generator. The field generator includes a series of parallel conductive plates including a series of intermediate neutral plates. The intermediate neutral plates are arranged in interleaved sets between an anode and a cathode. Other features of the aqueous reactor may include a sealed reaction vessel, fluid circulation manifold, electrical power modulator, vacuum port, and barrier membrane. Methods of using the field generator include immersion in an electrolyte solution and application of an external voltage and vacuum to generate hydrogen and oxygen gases. The reactor and related components can be arranged to produce gaseous fuel or liquid fuel. In one use, a mixture of a carbon based material and a liquid hydrocarbon is added. The preferred carbon based material is powdered coal.

Abstract: Features for an aqueous reactor include a field generator. The field generator includes a series of parallel conductive plates including a series of intermediate neutral plates. The intermediate neutral plates are arranged in interleaved sets between an anode and a cathode. Other features of the aqueous reactor may include a sealed reaction vessel, fluid circulation manifold, electrical power modulator, vacuum port, and barrier membrane. Methods of using the field generator include immersion in an electrolyte solution and application of an external voltage and vacuum to generate hydrogen and oxygen gases. The reactor and related components can be arranged to produce gaseous fuel or liquid fuel. In one use, a mixture of a carbon based material and a liquid hydrocarbon is added. The preferred carbon based material is powdered coal.

Abstract: Features for an aqueous reactor include a field generator. The field generator includes a series of parallel conductive plates including a series of intermediate neutral plates. The intermediate neutral plates are arranged in interleaved sets between an anode and a cathode. Other features of the aqueous reactor may include a sealed reaction vessel, fluid circulation manifold, electrical power modulator, vacuum port, and barrier membrane. Methods of using the field generator include immersion in an electrolyte solution and application of an external voltage and vacuum to generate hydrogen and oxygen gases. The reactor and related components can be arranged to produce gaseous fuel or liquid fuel. In one use, a mixture of a carbon based material and a liquid hydrocarbon is added. The preferred carbon based material is powdered coal.

Abstract: A system for suppressing and inhibiting fires in coal pulverizer mills can include a fire suppression solution storage tank, a flow control cabinet, an equipment control/pumping enclosure, an air distribution system, and injection piping and nozzles installed at various positions in one or more pulverizer mills. A first set of nozzle assemblies in communication with the fire suppression solution can be positioned in the mill to disperse the suppression solution within the classifier zone of the mill. A second set of nozzle assemblies in communication with the suppression solution can be positioned within the mill to disperse the suppression solution within the grinding zone. A third set of nozzle assemblies can be positioned within the primary air duct of the mill.

Abstract: A system for suppressing and inhibiting fires in coal pulverizer mills can include a fire suppression solution storage tank, a flow control cabinet, an equipment control/pumping enclosure, an air distribution system, and injection piping and nozzles installed at various positions in one or more pulverizer mills. A first set of nozzle assemblies in communication with the fire suppression solution are positioned in the mill to disperse the suppression solution within the classifier zone of the mill. A second set of nozzle assemblies in communication with the suppression solution are positioned within the mill to disperse the suppression solution within the grinding zone. A third set of nozzle assemblies are positioned within the primary air duct of the mill.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of increasing the efficiency of a combustion process by adding bentonite to the flame, fireball or burner region combustion zone of the combustion process. Also provided is a combustion chamber that includes a bentonite feed system and a fuel additive composition of a bentonite such as sodium bentonite having a particle size range that may be employed in the method of the present invention.

Abstract: A pump jet assembly includes universal components, such as a rotor, shroud and stator, that can accommodate all marine drives within a given range and adapter components, that accommodate the difference between the universal components and a particular marine drive within the range. A pump jet adapter system includes both the universal components and a plurality of adapter components, and is made by assessing a variation in parameters for the range of marine drives and determining rotor parameters to allow use of a universal rotor for all the range of marine drives. Parameters for adapter components are determined to correspond to different marine drives within the range.

Abstract: An accessory drive attachment is provided. The accessory drive attachment may be attached to a lawnmower that has a hydrostatic transmission. The transmission system of the lawnmower may be used to drive a shaft of the accessory drive attachment. An accessory such as a leaf blower, air compressor, pressure washer, or electric generator may be attached to the accessory drive attachment and driven by the shaft.

Abstract: A control system for controlling an oil or gas burner heating system comprises an ultraviolet flame sensor. Flame is detected and preanalyzed by the control for flame quality factors reflecting the degree of drift from optimal operating conditions including the average flame intensity, and the peak intensity frequencies. Other sensors detect other drift indications including exhaust-gas-stack temperature. A modem can automatically transmit data to a remote computer used by fuel providers and service personnel or upon a call request from the personnel to the control. Software installed in the remote computer calculates the next fuel delivery date and next servicing date based on data transmitted from the control system and from the service personnel.

Abstract: A computerized 2 and 4 cycle internal combustion engine control and optimization/tuning system is disclosed, wherein fuel injector control is optimized to increase horsepower and fuel economy. The system is comprised of an on-board engine controller with communications software allowing technicians to change external sensors via an external computer. The technician may tune engine parameters on the fly as the engine is running. The engine control system displays engine-operating parameters in real time. Fuel mapping can be for the operator's choices of acceleration, maximum speed, gas mileage, altitude of operation and/or engine temperature.

Abstract: A fuel additive for middle distillate fuels is a mixture of at least one methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl ester of a vegetable oil or a C16-C18 fatty acid, at least one alkyl ether of propylene glycol, a surfactant, and an antioxidant. A fuel additive for gasoline is a mixture of ligroin or toluene/xylene, at least one alkyl ether of propylene glycol, a surfactant, and tertiary amyl methyl ether.

Abstract: A marine outboard motor includes a power unit and a pump jet. The power unit includes a drive output and an exhaust outlet, and the pump jet includes a rotor hub and a rotor carried thereby. The rotor hub is connected to the drive output of the power unit for selective rotation for forward or reverse motion, and the rotor hub has an internal passageway connected in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet. The pump jet further includes an exhaust bypass movable between normal and bypassed positions. The exhaust bypass when in the normal position directing exhaust through the internal passageway of the rotor hub to discharge downstream of the rotor during forward motion. The exhaust bypass when in the bypassed position bypassing exhaust from the internal passageway to discharge downstream of the rotor during reverse motion.

Abstract: A marine outboard motor includes a power unit and a pump jet. The power unit includes a drive output and an exhaust outlet, and the pump jet includes a rotor hub and a rotor carried thereby. The rotor hub is connected to the drive output of the power unit for selective rotation for forward or reverse motion, and the rotor hub has an internal passageway connected in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet. The pump jet further includes an exhaust bypass movable between normal and bypassed positions. The exhaust bypass when in the normal position directing exhaust through the internal passageway of the rotor hub to discharge downstream of the rotor during forward motion. The exhaust bypass when in the bypassed position bypassing exhaust from the internal passageway to discharge downstream of the rotor during reverse motion.

Abstract: A computerized 2 and 4 cycle internal combustion engine control and optimization/tuning system is disclosed, wherein fuel injector control is optimized to increase horsepower and fuel economy. The system is comprised of an on-board engine controller with communications software allowing technicians to change external sensors via an external computer. The technician may tune engine parameters on the fly as the engine is running. The engine control system displays engine-operating parameters in real time. Fuel mapping can be for the operator's choices of acceleration, maximum speed, gas mileage, altitude of operation and/or engine temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to combustion catalyst compositions which when blended into liquid hydrocarbon-base fuels reduce deposits in fuel combustion systems, inhibit corrosion in fuel systems and facilitate a more efficient oxidation of fuel. The combustion catalyst compositions comprise a surface-active/emulsifier agent, a lubricating oil and a liquid saturated hydrocarbon having the general formula C.sub.n H.sub.2n+2 wherein n is from 14 to 17.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for enhancing the efficiency of a combustion process and thereby reducing undesirable emissions in which a solid combustion enhancing substance is converted into a highly dispersed, gas-transportable state at a controlled rate and is subsequently conveyed into the zone of combustion. The use of a substance in its solid state eases handling and avails highly effective materials for combustion and enhancement while the necessary conversion of the substance from one state to another enables a high degree of control as to its rate of addition to the combustion process. The substance's highly dispersed state when it enters the combustion process maximizes its effect.