Abstract: A process for producing densified and at least partially graphitised carbonaceous product. The process includes the following steps: heating a biomass in an oxygen controlled atmosphere to a first temperature under compression to form a plastically deformed intermediate product and heating the plastically deformed intermediate product in an oxygen controlled atmosphere to a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature, while constraining the intermediate product to limit or avoid volume expansion to form the densified and at least partially graphitised carbonaceous product.

Abstract: Methods and vectors and kits are provided for producing chimeric nucleic acid constructs capable of producing dsRNA for silencing target nucleic acid sequences of interest using recombinational cloning.

Abstract: Methods and vectors and kits are provided for producing chimeric nucleic acid constructs capable of producing dsRNA for silencing target nucleic acid sequences of interest using recombinational cloning.

Abstract: Methods and means are provided for producing chimeric nucleic acid constructs capable of producing dsRNA for silencing target nucleic acid sequences of interest using recombinational cloning.

Abstract: Methods and means are provided for producing chimeric nucleic acid constructs capable of producing dsRNA for silencing target nucleic acid sequences of interest using recombinational cloning.

Abstract: A process for reducing the pollutant concentration of effluent liquor from wool-scouring operations. The suint concentration of scouring liquor is allowed to build up to a point where suspended dirt and grease particles are destabilized and hence more efficiently removed by centrifugation. The centrifuged liquor is then recycled for further wool-scouring. Apparatus is also provided.