Abstract: An X-ray tube anticathode, intended to be used, for example, in medical iruments, such as scanners, includes a support made of a ceramic/ceramic composite material and a refractory metal film directly in contact with this support. The use of a ceramic/ceramic composite makes it possible to rotate the anticathode at an extremely high speed. In addition, this composite is selected 1) so that its coefficient of expansion is as compatible as possible with that of the refractory metal, which favors adhesion between the support and the active film, and 2) so that the phenomenon of the diffusion of carbon atoms is suppressed or minimized at the active film under the effect of the rise of temperature by not using a graphite material, which renders it ineffective in using an anticarbonizing film, such as rhenium, indium, SiC, etc.