Abstract: Butylation of a mixture of xylenols and trimethylphenols gives a product which is suitable for use as a stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride. The material can be added to the reactor during polymerization as a shortstopper and retain effectiveness as a stabilizer in the finished polymer.

Abstract: The integrity of mine roofs and rock bolts is tested by determining the natural frequencies of the roof and bolt. The roof is struck at a plurality of locations and the resulting vibrations sensed with accelerometers. The output of each accelerometer is separated into a plurality of signals of different frequencies by a comb filter having selected band passes. The amplitude of the outputs of each of the band passes of the filter are used to determine the condition of the roof and bolt adjacent each accelerometer. The high amplitude signal resulting from the initial impact of the striking implement is electrically gated from the accelerometer output.

Abstract: An improved deflecting device is provided for a drilling apparatus having a rotatable drill shaft extending from a power source through said deflection device to a drill bit. The deflection device includes an outer housing affixed to the power source and extending axially therefrom. An inner ring is disposed within the housing and encompasses a portion of the drill shaft. An intermediate ring is disposed between the outer housing and the inner ring and has an inner configuration such that the inner ring is immovable relative to the intermediate ring in a first direction, and is prevented from rotating relative to said intermediate ring about an axis parallel to a second direction perpendicular to said first direction, and such that said inner ring is movable relative to the intermediate ring in said second direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for dividing a stream of particulate solids into a plurality of streams of particulate solids the apparatus comprising a belt conveyor having a leveler positioned above the belt surface to level the particulate solids on the belt surface so that the solids are discharged into a plurality of chutes to produce a plurality of streams each of which comprises a portion of the feedstream equal to a fraction defined by the width of the chute divided by the width of the belt conveyor.

Abstract: A fluid level indicator circuit is used in cooperation with a probe attached to a long wire where the probe has first and second electrodes for contacting the surface of the fluid and leads communicating to the indicator circuit. The water level indicator has a low current high gain transistor and a power source which has sufficient potential to not only properly reverse bias the transistor when the probes are out of contact with the fluid but also properly forward bias when the probes are in contact with conductive fluid. A meter and current adjusting device are provided in series with a collector and emitter to provide an indicator when the probes are in or out of the water. The circuit also has a light to give a visual indication.

Abstract: A rock bolt installation system including a device for applying an insertion force to a rock bolt and a device for supplying high pressure jetting fluid through the rock bolt, and a method of operating the system to rapidly install rock bolts. The rock bolt itself includes a flow passage with a restricted nozzle outlet at one end and an exterior groove for removal of jetting fluid and formation cuttings.

Abstract: A process for producing a feedstock for a fixed bed gasifier from finely-divided coal by treating the coal in a first stirred semi-fluidized carbonizer reaction zone to produce particulate coal derived solids larger than the finely-divided coal charged to the first carbonizer and thereafter charging the particulate coal derived solids so produced to a second stirred semi-fluidized carbonizer reaction zone to produce particulate coal derived solids of a size consist greater than 1/4 inch which is charged to a fixed bed gasifier.

Abstract: A method for producing agglomerate particles from finely divided carbonaceous solids by mixing the solids with oil in an aqueous medium in a first mixing zone; passing the mixture to a second mixing zone; and mixing an additional quantity of finely divided carbonaceous solids with the mixture in the second mixing zone.

Abstract: A process for fractionating two or more compounds in which the stripping section of the fractionator is maintained at a first pressure and the rectifying section of the fractionator is maintained at a higher pressure. Overhead vapors from the stripping section are compressed in a heat pump where the vapor temperature and pressure are raised, and the heated and compressed vapors are then fed to the bottom of the rectifying section. Overhead vapors from the rectifying section, at a higher temperature than the bottoms from the stripping section, are heat exchanged with stripping section bottoms to condense overhead vapors and to supply reboiling heat to the stripping section.

Abstract: A method of removing metal alkaryl sulfonates from a hydrocarbon solution is disclosed. Briefly, the method comprises (a) contacting the hydrocarbon solution containing metal alkaryl sulfonates with an aqueous basic solution containing a "recovery" surfactant, (b) forming a hydrocarbon phase and an aqueous phase containing metal alkaryl sulfonates and (c) separating the hydrocarbon phase and the aqueous phase.

Abstract: The invention discloses an apparatus for measuring the diffusion of liquid into solids comprising(a) an upper portion having substantially sloped walls, the lower end of said sloped walls meeting to form an aperture,(b) solids retaining means positioned at said aperture, said means being permeable to a liquid whose absorption is being measured,(c) a lower portion substantially cylindrical in configuration, said lower portion connected with said upper portion wherein said aperture is common to both, and wherein(d) both upper and lower portions are operably connected to a gravimetric scale, such that the total weight of the upper and lower portions, solids retaining means, solid content, and liquid can be weighed.The apparatus and method taught provide an efficient easy way for measuring fusion of liquid in the solids.

Abstract: HCl gas is added to aluminum alkoxides containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms (0.5 mole HCl/mole Al) and the mixture is hydrolyzed in water. Alcohol is recovered by azeotropic distillation and the product, a solution of aluminum oxychloride, is concentrated.

Abstract: An apparatus for compacting, degassing and carbonizing carbonaceous agglomerates, the apparatus comprising a rotary kiln having an agglomerate inlet means for introducing green agglomerates into the kiln near the inlet of the kiln and a heating medium inlet for introducing a heating medium comprising a finely divided solid into the kiln at a preselected location intermediate the inlet end of the kiln and the outlet end of the kiln to produce a mixture at a temperature above the carbonizing temperature of the agglomerates and a sieve positioned to receive the products from the rotary kiln and separate the heating medium and the compacted, degassed, carbonized agglomerate product. A method for producing compacted, degassed, carbonized carbonaceous agglomerates by the use of the apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: Amorphorus titanium, uranium, chromium ions and zirconium together with sulfate ions are effective promoters for magnesium oxide catalysts. These catalysts are active for the ortho methylation of phenols in the vapor phase to yield 2,6-xylenol.

Abstract: Aluminum chlorohydrate is prepared by a method comprising(a) forming aluminum methoxide from aluminum alkoxides using methanol;(b) recovering aluminum methoxide as a solid precipitate phase, washing to remove higher alcohols and drying to recover a powder;(c) reacting the recovered powdered aluminum methoxide with dilute hydrochloric acid to form aluminum chlorohydrate.

Abstract: A technique of applying the thermoluminescence phenomenon to uranium prospecting. The thermoluminescence of specimens of quartz isolated from field samples is measured. The samples are then irradiated at several levels, and the thermoluminescence of the samples is measured at the various levels. This enables a determination of the natural radiation received by the samples The current radiation from the samples is measured with a dosimeter, and by using both shielded and unshielded dosimeters the type of radiation from the samples can be determined. Knowledge of the total natural radiation received by a sample and the current rate of radioactivity allows the determination of the present position of uranium or other radioactive source and its geological "migration" path.

Abstract: An improvement in the method of transporting viscous hydrocarbons through pipes is disclosed. Briefly, the method comprises adding water containing an effective amount of a combination of (a) a sodium or ammonium salt of an ethoxylated alcohol sulfate and (b) a surfactant selected from the group consisting of certain polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymers and certain oxyethylated alcohols. The resulting oil-in-water emulsion has a lower viscosity and is more easily transported.

Abstract: A process for preparing a blended fuel from lignite and fuel oil type hydrocarbons. The process involves drying lignite to a low moisture level, applying a treating liquid to the dried lignite, storing the treated lignite, and subsequently blending treated lignite with liquid hydrocarbon such as fuel oil.

Abstract: A method for controlling a mine roof by drilling one or more boreholes into the roof formation to a location adjacent the top of a mineral seam and hydraulically fracturing the roof formation to enlarge the natural caving zone or to induce orderly caving of a mine roof.

Abstract: An intrinsically safe regulated power supply has an input connected to a source of power and an output connected to a voltage-limited diode. The output current is limited by having a current sensor placed in series between the output terminal of the regulator and the diode. The current sensor generates an output which is applied to a differential amplifier. The differential amplifier develops an output voltage which is proportional to the current passing through the current-sensing means. This voltage is converted to a corresponding frequency which forms pulses having a repetition rate proportional to the frequency from the voltage-to-frequency converter but having a constant width. Pulses are applied to output transistors which control the current through the primary of a transformer. An excessive output current will convert the pulses to a low repetition rate, drastically cutting the voltage which will prevent excessive current through the load.