Abstract: Method and apparatus is set forth for cooling glass molding equipment such that the thermal considerations of the equipment design and the mechanical considerations thereof are uncoupled. The uncoupling of the thermal and mechanical considerations facilitates the utilization of the forming member at varying production speeds, since different cooling inserts, having the desired thermal characteristics for the particular production speed utilized, may be provided within the forming member. In order to effect good heat transfer between the forming member and the cooling insert, a gap is provided which is substantially filled with a low melting metal alloy.

Abstract: A method for producing ultra-high purity, optical quality, glass articles is disclosed which involves: (1) forming a gel from a silicon-containing organic compound, such as, TEOS; (2) drying the gel to produce granules having a mean particle size of less than about 1 millimeter; (3) fully sintering the granules to produce high purity, artificial sand; (4) casting the artificial sand by conventional techniques, such as, slip casting, to form a high density, porous, green body; (5) drying and partially sintering the green body; (6) fully sintering the green body under vacuum; and (7) hot isostatic pressing ("hipping") the green body. The glass articles produced by the process have higher purity, greater homogeneity, and less IR absorption than existing, commercially available, premium quality, fused silica, glass articles.

Abstract: There is disclosed a family of low dielectric, copper-exuding, boroaluminosilicate glasses particularly adapted to use in forming substrates for electronic devices such as integrated circuits. The glasses are capable of exuding copper oxide, have a coefficient of thermal expansion of 30-35.times.10.sup.-7 at 300.degree. C., a dielectric constant not over 5.0 at 100 KHz, a loss tangent not over 0.003 at 100 KHz and consist essentially, in percent by weight, of 56-64% SiO.sub.2, 18-25% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 3-11% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-2% CaO, 0-2% Li.sub.2 O, 0-1% K.sub.2 O, the Li.sub.2 O+CaO being 1.5-3% and 1-20% CuO.

Abstract: There is disclosed a natural phyllosilicate and, in solid solution therewith, at least one additional silicate or spinel phase such as beta-quartz, beta-spodumene, biotite, donathite, magnetite and Ca.sub.2 MgFe.sub.2 O.sub.6. There is also disclosed a method of producing such solid solution by introducing a phyllosilicate into a salt bath to effect an ion exchange between the salt of the bath and the phyllosilicate and subjecting the ion-exchanged phyllosilicate to a thermal treatment to develop a new phase which forms a solid solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of glass-ceramic articles in which potassium fluorrichterite and/or a related fluormica constitutes the predominant crystal phase(s). The precursor glasses can be crystallized in situ very rapidly and exhibit very little thermal deformation during the crystallization heat treatment. The base glasses are essentially free of Li.sub.2 O and consist essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 61-70 Na.sub.2 O 0.5-3 BaO 0-3.5 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 2.75-7 K.sub.2 O 2.5-5.5 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 0-2.5 MgO 11-16 Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O <6.8 CaO 4.75-9 F 2-3.

Abstract: Ultra-low thermal expansion TiO.sub.2 --SiO.sub.2 glasses are prepared using a sol-gel process wherein a stable alkali silicate solution comprising colloidal TiO.sub.2 and having a pH above 9 is gelled to form a semisolid silicate gel, the gel comprising homogeneously dispersed colloidal TiO.sub.2 but being essentially free of agglomerated TiO.sub.2 particles, washing the gel with aqueous media to remove alkali therefrom, and finally drying and consolidating the gel to a clear, void-free TiO.sub.2 --SiO.sub.2 glass which is substantially free of compositional inhomogeneities and has a thermal expansion coefficient below that of pure fused silica.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for heat treating a sheet of a potentially photochromic glass to cause the growth of silver halide crystals therein which impart photochromic properties thereto, wherein the heat treated sheet will be essentially free from thermal deformation and surface defects, and the photochromic properties exhibited therein will be essentially uniform across the area of the sheet. The method involves first placing a sheet of potentially photochromic glass on top of a sheet of carrier glass that exhibits a softening point at least 50.degree. C. higher than the temperature at which the potentially photochromic glass will be heat treated, and thereafter subjecting the stacked sheets to the heat treatment temperature desired for growing silver halide crystals in the glass.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of self-glazing gas-ceramic articles consisting essentially of very fine-grained cubic BPO.sub.4 crystals and very small gas-containing bubbles uniformly distributed with a SiO.sub.2 -rich residual glassy matrix, the gas within the bubbles consisting predominantly of hydrogen. The inventive articles prepared in three basic steps:(1) melting a batch for a glass consisting essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, of 30-60% SiO.sub.2, 10-40% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 15-45% P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and up to 20% total of at least one compound in the indicated proportion selected from the group consisting of 5-15% BN, 5-10% Si, 5-10% SiC, and 10-20% Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 ;(2) cooling the melt and shaping a glass body therefrom; and(3) heating the glass body between about 900.degree.-1050.degree. C.

Abstract: A glass optical waveguide preform is formed by depositing first and second coatings of glass soot on a mandrel. The characteristics of the first coating are such that it can ultimately form the core of an optical fiber. The core-clad diameter ratio of the preform is greater than that necessary to provide the desired core-clad diameter ratio of the resultant fiber. The mandrel is removed and the porous preform is consolidated. The preform aperture is etched, rinsed and dried. One end of the preform is heated and pinched to close the aperture. The aperture is evacuated, and the remaining end of the preform is heated, the corresponding end of the aperture being caused to close. An intermediate fiber is drawn from the resultant consolidated preform, the entire aperture being closed during drawing due to the low pressure within the aperture. The intermediate fiber is severed into sections, each of which functions as a mandrel for the deposition of a further coating of cladding soot.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of glass-ceramic articles wherein a NZP-type crystals constitutes essentially the sole crystal phase. The inventive articles are prepared by heat treating precursor glass articles with compositions having the stoichiometry characterized by the formula A.sub.0-4 B.sub.2 (XO.sub.4).sub.3 wherein A represents at least one monovalent or divalent cation selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ca, Cd, Sr, Ba, Tb, Li, Na, and K, B represents at least one trivalent, tetravalent, or pentavalent cation selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ti, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, Y, and a RE, and X represents P cations which may be partially replaced by Si cations, and the cation ratio B:X is essentially 2:3.

Abstract: Layered glass products such as multilayer glass rods or fibers are formed in a preferably continuous process wherein at least two component glasses are supplied to an annular mixing zone wherein relative movement of the annular surfaces produces spiral layering of the glasses and the formation of a glass product stream having a preselected gradient in composition and glass properties across a diameter thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing substantially unagglomerated submicron metal oxide particles having uniform size distribution. The process is readily adaptable to the production of multicomponent metal oxide particles.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for accelerating the burnout of organic material from a glass, glass-ceramic, or ceramic body where the burnout is conducted in a gaseous, essentially non-oxidizing atmosphere. The invention comprises incorporating very minute amounts of a metal-containing material into the glass, glass-ceramic, or ceramic body to act as a catalyst in the burnout process. Metals operable as catalysts include Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt.

Abstract: A method for substantially increasing the refractive index change induced in porous glass through metal oxide deposition by photolysis of organometallic compounds present therein, according to which the photolyzed glass is re-impregnated with additional organometallic compounds which undergo decomposition reactions catalyzed by the photolyzed organometallics or oxides resulting from the initial photolysis step. Enhancements of ten times the original refractive index change are attainable.

Abstract: A dispersion transformer for limiting the data rate of an optical fiber transmission system. A transmission optical fiber, which connects a transmitter and a receiver, may have a bandwidth much greater than that necessary to transmit a desired predetermined maximum data rate. The transmitted signal is connected to wavelength disperser means which spatially separates the different wavelength components of the transmitted signal. Each wavelength component is then propagated with a different delay by optical fiber delay means. The wavelength component which propagates with the least delay through the transmission optical fiber is subjected to the least induced delay in the optical fiber delay means and that which propagates with the greatest delay through the transmission optical fiber is subjected to the greatest induced delay in optical fiber delay means, the remaining components being subjected to intermediate delays. The delayed wavelength components are combined to form a series of broadened optical pulses.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing a lens or a lens array and apparatus for carrying out the method. The method comprises directing, in line of sight in a vacuum, the vapor of a substance, which is solid and transparent at ambient temperature, from a source of that vapor through a hole in a mask to form a deposit on a substrate. The mask is so positioned between the vapor source and the substrate that obscuration by the solid portions of the mask around the hole causes the deposit to assume a curved surface and function as a lens.

Abstract: Whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composites comprising a principal crystal phase selected from the group of anorthite, barium-stuffed cordierite, and mixed cordierite/anorthite are prepared by extrusion of extrudable ceramic batches comprising an extrusion vehicle and a solids component consisting essentially of inorganic whiskers and powdered glass, the glass being a thermally crystallizable glass containing an internal nucleant and capable of being consolidated at ambient pressures or above to a dense consolidated preform which may be converted to a substantially glass-free whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composite by thermal treatment.

Abstract: A method of forming a fiber-reinforced, glass or glass-ceramic, elongated composite is described wherein several multifiber lengths are impregnated with matrix material, woven or twisted to form a fabric network, the impregnating matrix material softened, and the network subjected to a stretching action along the central axis of the fiber network to collapse the network and consolidate it to a solid composite.

Abstract: There are disclosed gels composed of hydrated phyllosilicates combined with a lattice expanding agent selected from the group consisting of a primary aminocarboxy acid, lysine orotate, and glycylglycine. Both organic and inorganic additions, as well as ion exchange products, are disclosed. The gels, with or without the additions, may be polymerized and may be formed or shaped. Also disclosed are methods for generating the gels and for treating the gels generated.

Abstract: This invention is particularly directed to the preparation of inorganic ceramic laminated structures for use as substrates in integrated circuit packages. One lamina is composed of a high thermal conductivity material, the second lamina is composed of a low thermal conductivity material having a dielectric constant below 10, a sintering temperature below 1050.degree. C., and a linear coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with that of the other lamina, and a bonding medium sealing the two laminae together exhibiting flow at a temperature below the sintering temperature of the second lamina and a linear coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with those of the two laminae.