Abstract: An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having irregular polarity patterns defined in accordance with one-dimensional codes, where an irregular polarity pattern is at least one of an asymmetrical polarity pattern or an uneven polarity pattern. Such one-dimensional codes define at least one peak force and a plurality of off peak spatial forces corresponding to a plurality of alignments of said first and second field emission structures per code modulo, where a peak force is a spatial force produced when all aligned field emission sources produce an attractive force or all aligned field emission sources produce a repellant force and an off peak spatial force is a spatial force resulting from cancellation of at least one attractive force by at least one repellant force.