Abstract: Disclosed is heat exchange apparatus for controlling the temperature of a resin after leaving an extruder and prior to extrusion through a die in an extrusion process, comprising a heat exchanger having an inlet and outlet for an extruded heat-plastified resin and an inlet and an outlet for a heat exchange medium to be circulated in heat exchanging relationship with the extruded resin; a selective heater for receiving the heat exchange medium from the heat exchanger, the heater heating the heat exchange medium to a predetermined temperature during a start-up phase of the heat exchange device; a cooler adapted for receiving a portion of the heat exchange medium from the heater, the cooler including an inlet and an outlet for the heat exchange medium and an inlet and an outlet for a cooling medium to be circulated in heat exchanging relationship with the heat exchange medium; control means interposed between the heater and the cooler for selectively directing a portion of the heat exchange medium to said cooler

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a heater element in accordance with the dwell time of an item to be heated by the heater element. The apparatus of the invention utilizes a temperature tracking circuit which is energized by a low voltage DC power source and a switching system for operating the tracking circuit in either an automatic or standby mode. Sensors are provided for determining the dwell time of an article to be heated by the heater element and a thermocouple or the like is provided for sensing the temperature of the heater element. A heat controller, preferably of the digital programmable variety, is connected to the heater element and is responsive to the dwell time and the thermocouple for controlling the power to the heater in accordance with the dwell time and instantaneous heater temperature whenever the equipment associated with the heater element is operating in the automatic mode.

Abstract: An injector device for use in forming multilayer extrusions of plastic resins and a method for forming such extrusions. The apparatus includes an injector member that divides the extrudate from the first extruder into two layers and receives at least one extrudate from an additional extruder that is interposed by the injector member between the divided layers of the extrudate from the first extruder. The process includes producing plasticized resin by a first extruder, dividing the extrudate into two layers, producing extrudate from a second extruder, and injecting such extrudate between the two layers of the first extrudate.

Abstract: A process for the selective alkylation of monoalkylbenzene into dialkylbenzenes wherein the para isomer of the disubstituted product is present in a concentration greater than in a thermodynamic equilibrium is provided.The method comprises passing the monoalkylbenzene and an alkylating agent capable of methylation, ethylation or propylation through a reaction zone containing an unmodified crystalline silica catalyst of the silicalite type having the monoclinic symmetry.

Abstract: A process for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons in a reaction zone containing a crystalline silica polymorph silicalite catalyst. The feed stock to the reaction zone comprises an alkylating agent and an aromatic substrate contains sulfur in an amount, greater than 2 ppm, which heretofore has considered to be unacceptable to zeolite catalysts. A steam cofeed may also be applied to the reaction zone in an amount sufficient to reduce the deposition of coke on the catalyst due to the presence of sulfur. Sulfur may be present as a contaminant in the aromatic substrate or the alkylating agent.

Abstract: A thermoplastic container bottom is inertially spin welded into the interior of a cylindrical container body of paperboard internally lined with a layer of thermoplastic material. A body supporting mandrel has an expansible body engaging portion which is inserted into the body and subsequently expanded to define a cylindrical surface of a diameter exactly equal to that of the specified internal diameter of the body. A seating member at the end of the body supporting mandrel establishes the depth to which the container bottom is inserted into the body and is provided with a low-friction projecting resilient member which contacts the rotating bottom.

Abstract: A halogen-containing alumina catalyst for the polymerization of olefins to liquid polymers containing a major proportion of polymers having a molecular weight higher than the trimers, said catalyst selectively polymerizing isobutene from a mixture of butenes to produce liquid polyisobutene having a molecular weight higher than about 280; said catalyst containing from about 2 to about 20 wt. % chlorine, bromine or a mixture thereof, and being prepared from an alumina having a purity of at least 99% and a surface area greater than about 150 m.sup.2 /g with at least 10% of the pores having a diameter higher than about 200 .ANG.; said preparation being effected by contacting the alumina with a dry gaseous stream comprising a halogenation agent consisting essentially of volatile chlorinated and/or brominated saturated oliphatic organic compound having a vapor pressure of at least 100 mm of Hg at a temperature of 200.degree.-230.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for securely joining the two halves of telescoping capsules made of a thermoplastic material such as a rigid gelatin, which process involves spraying a tackifying agent such as steam on one or both of the capsules and rotating them together.

Abstract: An electrical interlock to prevent unauthorized access to potentially hazardous equipment and an associated detection circuit to detect if a safety shield or closure member is open, not securely closed or has been tampered with and to thereupon automatically de-energize the equipment. The detection circuit may comprise a balanced bridge incorporating the electrical interlock into a leg thereof and may also provide a visual or audible indication whenever the bridge is unbalanced thereby indicating an improperly closed safety shield.

Abstract: A process for converting a gaseous feed material including an olefinic mixture comprising primarily ethylene and propylene to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons such as gasoline range products including aromatics. The process comprises passing the feed material under conversion conditions through a reaction zone containing an unmodified crystalline silica polymorph silicalite catalyst. The feed material also contains catalytic poisons such as water, oxides of carbon or sulfur-containing compounds which are commonly encountered in refinery off-gas streams such as those coming from a fluidized catalytic cracking unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is an integral braking device for braking a live tool or spindle in a spinwelding machine. The device comprises a cam-activated, spring-loaded brake adapted to bear against a wear resistant braking surface. The brake is both adjustable and self-adjusting and will not interfere with the free rotation of the spindles when not actuated by the cam.

Abstract: The bottle carrier includes an upper support having a plurality of resilient neck engaging fingers that are aligned with a like number of bottom engaging members carried by a lower support. The upper and lower supports are held in spaced relationship by a pair of spacer members so that bottles placed in the carrier are engaged by the bottom engaging members in the concave bottom of the bottle and engaged at the neck by resilient fingers. The carrier is preferably constructed from a high impact styrene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for modifying accumulated cross-linked polymer in an apparatus used for the production of a vinylaromatic compound, comprising optionally softening the polymer with an organic solvent; precipitating the polymer with a light, polar non-solvent for the polymer and expanding the softened polymer by bringing the softened polymer in contact with steam whereby the polymer is converted into a state which enables it to be more easily removed from the apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for extruding thermoplastic compositions comprising an extruder, a die, and a cooling device positioned between the extruder and the die for cooling the heat plastified resinous composition exiting from the extruder to a uniform temperature desired for extrusion through the extrusion die. The cooling device includes at least one enclosed flow path for conveying the resinous composition from the inlet of the cooling device to the outlet of the cooling device, structure for circulating a cooling medium about the entire circumference of each of the resin flow paths, and flow control orifices at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling means across the entire cross-section of each of the resin flow paths.

Abstract: A process for preparing vinyltoluene comprising passing ethyltoluene through a dehydrogenation zone to form vaporous crude vinyltoluene, adding from about 50 to about 100 parts per million by weight of a polymerization inhibitor such as a nitrated phenol to the vaporous crude vinyltoluene at a temperature between about 200.degree. and about 300.degree. C., condensing the vaporous crude vinyltoluene, maintaining the pH of the aqueous phase of the condensed crude vinyltoluene at a value between about 5.5 and about 6.