Abstract: Caesium-137 irradiates electronic paper. An incoming gamma-ray from the Cs-137 interacts with a particle inside a micro-container by generating a recoil electron and/or a hole. Because the recoil electron physically leaves the particle, the particle is charged depending on the dose from the radiation source. And, the charge of the particles change, which results in a movement of the particles within the micro-container. After refreshing the electronic paper, a visible difference in the gray-scale can be seen. Thus, the visible difference in the gray-scale is an effect caused by the irradiation of the electronic paper, showing sensitivity to high energy radiation--thus, non-optimized electronic paper is sensitive to high energy radiation and can be used as a radiation dosimeter. In addition, electronic paper can be used for sensing chemical and bio-chemical agents, as well as detecting high energy radiation.

Abstract: Radiation detectors can be made of n-type or p-type silicon. All segmented detectors on p-type silicon and double-sided detectors on n-type silicon require an “inter-segment isolation” to separate the n-type strips from each other; an alumina layer for isolating the strip detectors is applied, and forms negative charges at the silicon interface with appropriate densities. When alumina dielectric is deposited on silicon, the negative interface charge acts like an effective p-stop or p-spray barrier because electrons are “pushed” away from the interface due to the negative interface charge.