Abstract: A composite structure includes a substrate, a first coating layer arranged on the substrate, and a second coating layer arranged on the first coating layer such that the first coating layer is between the substrate and the second coating layer. The composite structure may further include a third coating layer and an aggregate layer arranged on the second coating layer. A method of forming a composite structure includes applying a coating mixture by spray or by rolling, brushing or squeegeeing to a substrate, partially dissolving the substrate, thereby allowing the coating mixture to partially mix with the substrate to form a first coating layer on the substrate; and forming a second coating layer from the coating compound on the first coating layer.