Abstract: A centrifugal liquid separator and defoamer for use in a vacuum cooling system including a cooling vessel having a vessel interior for containing a liquid to be cooled, and a vacuum system for applying a vacuum to an interior of the vessel, through a vessel vapor outlet nozzle. This separator and defoamer includes at least one impeller blade positioned in the vicinity of a juncture of the vessel interior and vessel vapor outlet nozzle, this impeller blade being rotated at a speed at which any liquid contacting the rotating impeller blade will be thrown off the blade, and any foam contacting the impeller blade will be converted to liquid and thrown off the blade, in the direction of the vessel interior, by centrifugal action.

Abstract: An improved wet wall electrostatic precipitation unit of the type wherein a constant liquid stream is maintained over the inside surface of a glass collector tube and a discharge electrode, to which a voltage is applied, extends substantially through the center of the tube between the upper and lower ends thereof, to repel smoke particles, forcing them into the liquid stream. The liquid from the liquid stream, discharged at the bottom of the glass tube is recycled to the top of the collector tube after adjustment of the pH to render the liquid caustic. The caustic nature of the recycle liquid prevents smoke from streaking the collector tube thereby improving efficiency.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing nitrogen oxides from a gaseous mixture containing the same as well as oxygen comprising a vessel containing a knitted wire mesh packing material of stainless steel containing at least 8% Ni and having a diameter of from 0.003 to 0.015 inches, means for countercurrent washing said knitted wire mesh, means to introduce said gaseous mixture and means to mantain a residence time of 3.5 to 15 seconds.

Abstract: Process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gaseous mixture comprises contacting the mixture with an aqueous liquid in the presence of a knitted wire mesh packing material of stainless steel containing at least 8% Ni and having a diameter of from 0.003 to 0.015 inches.