Abstract: A motion compensated interpolation filter calculates an interpolated frame between two input frames of video signals having moving objects therein. The interpolation filter includes two 2-dimensional filter which are identical in structure. Each of the 2-dimensional filters has a 2-dimensional systolic array structure for providing a weighted sum of 4 pixels of each of the input frames, respectively. Each of the 2-dimensional filter includes (2N+1).multidot.(2N+1) identical processing elements, and each of a block of (2N+1).multidot.(2N+1) pixels is inputted to each of the processing elements, and each of the processing elements generates filter coefficients, to be multiplied to a corresponding pixel values. Since the systolic array structure inherently incorporates modularity and regularity therein, the interpolation filter is suitable for real-time processing with easy hardware implementation.

Abstract: A new mode detecting apparatus for video cassette recorder which is capable of linearly directly controlling the mode position is disclosed. A light emitting diode is installed under a main deck. A mode driving plate is provided with a plurality of holes for selectively passing the light from the light emitting diode. The light which have passed through the holes of the mode driving plate are sensed by photo transistors which then generates electrical signals. The signals are sent to a microcomputer which then detects the mode of the deck. The constitution of the gears is simplified, and the mode can be recognized and controlled by the mode driving plate directly and linearly.

Abstract: There is provided an improved planar antenna, for use in satellite communication, capable of providing higher aperture efficiency, improved circular polarization and increased production tolerability. The antenna comprises a waveguide and an array of M.times.N helical antenna elements, wherein M and N are integers.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining motion vectors for pixels of a current frame which includes a number of processing blocks comprises a motion estimator for providing motion vectors for the pixels in the current frame, an edge detector for detecting edge positions of an object in the current frame to produce edge position signals, a median filter for providing filtered motion vectors of the pixels, a majority detector for obtaining a first and a second majority vectors corresponding to the pixels of a processing block, a controller for generating a control signal, a vector selection block for providing an output motion vector from the first and second major vectors which yields a motion compensated processing block having a least error function, and a switch responsive to the control signal for selecting a motion vector for each processing block from the output motion vector and a motion vector of the pixel located at the center of each processing block.

Abstract: A method for controlling the drying process of a vortex-type washing machine capable of accommodating a laundry article for drying therein comprises the steps of (A) heating an ambient air by a heater, (B) driving a motor in a forward direction, (C) driving the motor in a reverse direction to the forward direction, and (D) repeating the steps (B) to (C) until the laundry article become dried to a desired dry level, wherein each of the steps (B) and (C) includes the steps of (a) turning on the motor to rotate the pulsator to spread the laundry article; (b) turning off the motor to pause the rotation of the pulsator to thereby help the settlement of the laundry article; and (c) repeating the steps (a) to (b) at least N number of times.

Abstract: Disclosed is a disc player for reproducing a minidisc and a compact disc. The disc player includes a disc tray and a base plate. The disc tray has a compact disc and minidisc mounting parts placed on the upper surface thereof, cut portions to expose the discs to a pickup, a rack gear disposed on a lower edge of one side wall thereof and first cam grooves disposed on both side walls thereof. The base plate has a rectangular cut portion formed at a center thereof enabling the pickup to read out data from the discs and first shafts projected from both side walls thereof to be inserted into the first cam grooves of the tray. An outer chassis having first vertical cut portions is formed on both side walls to guide the elevating movement of the first shafts. A pickup feeding device is secured to a bottom surface of the base plate. A compact disc turntable and a minidisc turntable are secured respectively to a front center and a rear center of the rectangular cut portion of the base plate.

Abstract: A three dimensional viewing system for use with a VCR for the three-dimensional viewing of an image having right-eye and left-eye subimages in alternating sequence reproduced by the VCR wherein the VCR generates a switching pulse which is in synchronization with the alternating sequence. The three dimensional system comprises a pair of three-dimensional viewing glasses having a pair of lenses made of a liquid crystal material through which the right-eye subimage and the left-eye subimage are viewed by regulating the on/off states of the lenses; a pulse generator for generating a driving pulse adapted to activate the liquid crystal material; and a mixing circuit for multiplexing the switching pulse and the driving pulse to produce an on/off driving signal divided into a first and a second driving signals that are 180 degrees out of phase with each other wherein each of the first and the second driving signals is used to regulate the on/off states of the lenses.

Abstract: A novel apparatus, capable of adaptively encoding an input digital audio signal, comprises a subband filtering device for receiving the input digital audio signal and filtering the received digital audio signal, on a subband-by-subband basis; a first estimator for estimating signal-to-mask ratio data, sound pressure levels and masking thresholds for the respective subbands of the digital audio signal; a second estimator for estimating perceptual entropies for the respective frames of the input digital audio signal based on the estimated signal-to-mask ratio data, sound pressure levels and masking thresholds and for deriving a mean and a standard deviation parameters for a frame group including two or more current and previous frames which corresponds to the estimated perceptual entropies; a bit allocation unit for adaptively determining bits for each of the subbands based on the estimated signal-to-mask ratio data, perceptual entropies, and mean and standard deviation parameters and for generating bit allocat

Abstract: A video cassette recorder is provided with a reel table driving apparatus for preventing slackness of a loaded magnetic tape in the switching of the operating mode, which comprises a pair of idlers disposed between a supply reel table and a take-up reel table rotatably mounted to a deck of the recorder, a support plate mounted to the deck for movably supporting the respective idlers, coil springs for biasing the respective idlers upward, a slide plate slidably mounted the deck for causing at least one of the idlers to selectively engage with and disengage from the supply and the take-up reel tables, and a driving mechanism for transmitting its drive force to one of the reel tables through the one of the idlers. The support plate includes a pair of generally curved slots arranged in a substantially opposite relationship with each other, which are adapted to accommodate shafts of the respective idlers therein.

Abstract: The projection-lens driving apparatus for use in a 3-beam projector comprises an upper plate, an upper projection-lens holder, a pair of cross links, a pair of lower projection-lens holders, a guide member, and a driving means for driving the guide member. The upper and the lower projection-lens holders are fitted to the guide member in such a way that they can be driven integrally using the driving means, thereby allowing images to coincide on a screen simply, accurately and, above all, simultaneously.

Abstract: The projection-lens driving apparatus having a housing with a top and a bottom faces for use in a 3-beam projector includes an upper plate, an upper projection-lens holder, a pair of cross link, a pair of lower projection-lens holders, a guide bracket, a sliding plate, an upper guide member, a lower guide member, a timing belt, a driving means divided into a first driving means for driving the upper guide member and a second driving means for driving the lower guide member. The upper and the lower projection-lens holders is respectively fitted to the upper and the lower guide members mechanically and physically in such a way that they can be driven integrally using the driving means, thereby allowing the images to coincide on the screen accurately and, above all, simultaneously.

Abstract: A quantization pattern codebook is prepared by way of: merging each pair of pattern clusters into a merged pattern cluster until all combinable pairs of the pattern clusters are merged to derive a set of merged pattern clusters; calculating the rate of bit increment by subtracting the total number of quantization bits in the pair of the quantization patterns used in the merging process from the total number of quantization bits in the merged pattern cluster derived from the pair of the pattern clusters; and determining the merged pattern cluster having a minimum rate of bit increment as one of the cluster patterns to be stored in the pattern code book.

Abstract: A disc-cartridge loading apparatus of a mini-disc player which comprises a turntable, a disc-cartridge tray for receiving and supporting a disc-cartridge, a disc-cartridge pushing plate for fixing the disc-cartridge on the turntable, a disc-cartridge guide plate for loading or ejecting the disc-cartridge gripped in the tray, a driving means for providing power in order to load and eject the disc-cartridge guide plate and pushing the disc-cartridge pushing plate. Such a loading apparatus can improve the stability of inserting, loading, and ejecting operations. Also, this invention has advantages which can automatically use inserting and ejecting operations of the shutter of the disc-cartridge.

Abstract: A method for decoding an encoded image signal supplied in the form of a series of encoded image frames, each of the encoded image frames being divided into a multiplicity of macroblocks of pixels, each of the macroblocks having an associated half-pixel resolution motion vector which represents a translatory motion of the macroblock between a present and its preceding frames of the encoded image signal to a half-pixel accuracy, comprises: providing differential pixels of a differential macroblock in a first predetermined scanning order by performing entropy decoding, inverse quantization and inverse transformation on the pixels in each macroblock of the present frame; scanning the differential pixels so as to provide scan converted differential pixels of a scan converted differential macroblock in a second predetermined scanning order; providing half-pixel resolution pixels of a half-pixel resolution macroblock in the second predetermined scanning order by accessing, under a control of the half-pixel resolutio

Abstract: In an optical pickup apparatus, a laser beam is generated from a laser source toward a lens group for reading out information written on an information recording medium. The lens group determines paths of an incident beam to the information recording medium and a reflected beam from it. The lens group includes a polarization converting element such as a .lambda./4 plate, a .lambda./8 plate, or a 80/16 plate for polarizing a beam transmitted therethrough and a birefringent prism to refract the beam depending on the polarized state and an objective lens through which the beam is transmitted to be focused on the information recording medium. The laser source generates an ordinary ray composed of a linearly polarizing component to be refracted ordinarily in the birefringent prism. A photodetector receives the beam polarized and refracted by the lens group. The lens group is arranged in the order of the diffraction grating, the birefringent means, and the polarization converting means from the bottom.

Abstract: A recording apparatus, for use in a video cassette recorder ("VCR") equipped with a timer recording feature is capable of eliminating an interference between a first broadcast signal selected by a VCR tuner and a second broadcast signal captured by a television ("TV") tuner. The apparatus comprises a timer recording control unit for controlling the timer recording and detecting the onset time of the timer recording to thereby generate a detection signal, a control signal generator for generating a control signal in response to the detection signal, and a switch, in response to the control signal, for decoupling a driving power from a modulation circuit and a coupling circuit included in the VCR.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic reservation tuning device which is automatically tuned to a reserved channel number in accordance with reservation information for a program reserved by a viewer. The device includes a reservation keypad for inputting reservation information, a character data storing unit for storing character data to be displayed on a CRT screen based on an input data by the reservation keypad, a character data output unit for outputting the character data signal of the reservation information, and a phase locked loop data output unit for automatically tuning a tuner to a reserved channel number by comparing the present and reservation information. The automatic tuning of the tuner to the reserved channel number can provide the viewer with convenience for watching a reserved program.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus for coding digital video signals describing a scene having at least one moving object and a stationary background, the digital video signals being represented by a series of video frames, each video frame being divided into a plurality of coding blocks, having a capability of adaptively selecting one of an intra coding technique and a non-intra coding technique to be applied to each coding block, comprises uncovered area detector for, in responsive to a current frame and the previous and next frames thereof in the digital video signals, detecting an uncovered area representing a portion in the current frame, which used to be hidden behind the moving object in the previous frame but becomes visible after a movement of the moving object between the previous and current frames; and coding mode controller for determining, for each of the coding blocks in the current frame, whether the coding block belongs to the uncovered area or not, and applying the intro coding technique to the coding blo

Abstract: A complex filter apparatus for correcting a complex valued input television signal Y having the real and the imaginary parts Y.sub.r and Y.sub.i to produce a complex filtered output television signal Z having the real and the imaginary parts Z.sub.r and Z.sub.i comprises: three filters having their respective filter coefficients (C.sub.r +C.sub.i), C.sub.i and Cr; a first adder for producing an output of (Y.sub.r +Y.sub.i); a first subtractor for producing an output of (Y.sub.r -Y.sub.i); a second subtractor for producing an output Y.sub.r (C.sub.r +C.sub.i)-(Y.sub.r +Y.sub.i)C.sub.i as the real part Z.sub.r ; and a third subtractor for generating an output Y.sub.r (C.sub.r +C.sub.i)-(Y.sub.r -Y.sub.i)C.sub.r as the imaginary part Z.sub.i.