Abstract: A liner for a shaped charge. The liner, when the associated shaped charge is detonated, does not create a plug, carrot, or residue in the created perforation tunnel. The liner is made of a material that includes one or more of a bulk metallic glass complex (BMGC) or a high entropy alloy (HEA). The liner can include super-hard materials. The liner can be produced using one or more of a severe plastic deformation process, a cold isostatic pressing process, or a spark plasma sinter process.
Abstract: A liner for a shaped charge. The liner, when the associated shaped charge is detonated, does not create a plug, carrot, or residue in the created perforation tunnel. The liner is made of a material that includes one or more of a bulk metallic glass complex (BMGC) or a high entropy alloy (HEA). The liner can include super-hard materials. The liner can be produced using one or more of a severe plastic deformation process, a cold isostatic pressing process, or a spark plasma sinter process.
Abstract: A liner for a shaped charge having integrated tracers. The liner, when the associated shaped charge is detonated, does not create a plug, carrot, or residue in the created perforation tunnel. The liner includes integrated tracers that, after detonation, are scattered into the perforation tunnel and then begin to flow back in formation fluid flow and are identifiable in the flow.