Abstract: In order to decrease thermal interference related to heating or cooling fluid (14) contained in the exterior double envelope of the container, the invention consists of positioning the measurement point away toward the interior of the container by forming a local deformation in the wall (12) in the form of a non-penetrating recessed area (21) which serves as a housing for a contact temperature measurement probe (17). The wall (12) of the recessed area becomes progressively thinner until it is minimal at the level of the base (22), against which the temperature measurement is taken, resulting in a more precise, quicker reading. This invention is of interest within the chemical industry, particularly to manufacturers and users of temperature measurement devices.

Abstract: The closing device (16) moves between a position that opens a valve and a position that closes a valve (14), which is specifically a drainage valve used on a chemical reactor (1), a storage vat, a column or other container, and it comprises an interior housing (30) designed to hold a measurement or detection probe (27). It has an opening (38) that is accessible when it is in the operating position inside the valve and which provides access to its interior housing, allowing the probe to be inserted or removed without the need for prior disassembly of either the valve or the closing device. This invention is of interest to the chemical industry, particularly manufacturers and users of temperature measurement devices.

Abstract: A valve seating (23) is made from a fluoridated polymer, for example, solid glass-coated PTFE or reinforced PFA. At least one electrode (24) is attached to or integral with the valve seating and made of conductive material, such as graphite-TEFLON®, that is compatible with the valve seating. The valve seating is especially for use in conjunction with a device for verifying the integrity of an enamel coating of the “enamel-test” type. The valve seating is then used on the waste valve (11) of the container to be checked and two electrodes (24) are disposed so as to be in contact with the contents (8).

Abstract: The heat exchanger according to the invention consists of two flat or slightly incurved parallel surfaces formed in two sheets of metal (2) and (3). The longitudinal edge pieces (8) and (9) and transverse edge pieces (12) and (13) have rounded edges. The entire exterior surface is coated with enamel. These exchangers may be used in groups of several parallel units arranged inside a tubular body, or they may be disposed in a radiating pattern inside a cylindrical tank in a chemical reactor, forming a complex exchanger. This invention is of interest to manufacturers of industrial heat exchangers, particularly exchangers designed for the chemcial, pharmaceutical or agricultural/food industries.