Abstract: A method and an apparatus for counting uniform objects passing a row of sensors over a conveyor for the objects, in which counting of each object by activating a sensor is ensured by proper spacing of the sensors, prevents double counting of any object by scanning the control circuit respectively for the sensors. An activated sensor then inhibits the control circuit for the sensor or sensors adjacent that activated, which might be activated by the same object.

Abstract: Fermented alcoholic products such as wine and beer are produced having a low diacetyl content by decomposing acetolactate with an enzyme. The enzyme is preferably acetolactate decarboxylase contained by Aerobacter aerogenes. The enzyme, in free or immobilized state, may be added during main fermentation or after main fermentation during maturation such as when carrying out malo-lactic fermentation.

Abstract: A method for quality control of products from fish, meat, cattle, swine and poultry, for instance for controlling a process for treating or handling such products. The product to be subjected to quality control, or a sample thereof, is exposed to electromagnetic radiation within the range of about 325-360 nm, preferably about 340 nm, and any fluorescent radiation emitted by the product as a result of this irradiation, is analyzed for identifying characteristic fluorescence from biological components in the product or a sample thereof, the presence of such biological components determining the quality of the product. The quality control is carried out in dependence upon the analysis result. Analysis carried out in the wavelength range of about 365-490 nm permits identification of characteristic fluorescence from bones, cartilage, connective tissue and/or fat.

Abstract: An insulin such as porcine insulin is reacted enzymatically with an L-amino acid, amide, or ester in the presence of L-specific serine carboxypeptidase modified by reaction with divalent metal ions in aqueous solution or dispersion containing F.sup.-, Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-, CN.sup.-, or SCN.sup.-.

Abstract: A bottle single filer for combining bottles (10) fed in a plurality of rows on an inlet conveyor (11) to a single row on an outlet conveyor (14), has a plurality of oblong separators (38), which are controlled so as to be movable through a closed path in which they extend obliquely across the inlet conveyor in parallel with the transverse rows of bottles on it. At a specific location in this path the individual separator moves down between two bottle rows which it follows until the bottles contact and slide along a barrier (17), which is formed by a transfer section of one side rail and forms a smaller angle with the transport direction than the separators, the bottles being pushed on to the outlet conveyor along said barrier. In connection with the side rails the separators ensure that only one row of bottles at a time can pass, to thereby obviate bridge formation and jamming. This also reduces the risk of bottle collision and thus the noise level.

Abstract: In a method for identifying one or more botanical component parts from plants, a sample of the component parts is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation within the visible and/or ultra-violet and/or X-ray range for excitation of the component parts to fluorescence which is analyzed for determining characteristic fluorescence from the component parts. For determining the relative contents of the component parts in the sample, intensity measurements are carried out on the characteristic fluorescences or the number of emitters of characteristic fluorescence is counted.

Abstract: Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) is isolated from aqueous solutions containing said enzyme together with accompanying proteins by chromatography of the solution at a pH of 4.7 to 5.0 on a cation exchange resin of the same polarity as SOD in the pH range used. As cation exchange resin may particularly be used carboxymethyl celluloses, cross-linked dextrans substituted with carboxymethyl groups or sulfopropyl groups or cross-linked agaroses substituted with carboxymethyl groups.The process lends itself to use on an industrial scale and provides a high yield of pure SOD.

Abstract: Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) is isolated from aqueous solutions containing said enzyme together with accompanying proteins by chromatography of the solution at a pH of 4.7 to 5.5 on a cation exchange resin of the same polarity as SOD in the pH range used. As cation exchange resin may particularly be used carboxymethyl celluloses, cross-liked dextrans substituted with carboxymethyl groups or sulfopropyl groups or cross-linked agaroses substituted with carboxymethyl groups.The process lends itself to use on an industrial scale and provides a high yield of pure SOD.

Abstract: Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase is recovered from yeast by plasmolysis with a small amount of ether or any other water immiscible, organic solvent and subsequent autolysis in water at a temperature of 25.degree. to 50.degree. C. and pH 5 to 9, following which the precipitate is removed and the superoxide dismutase is purified and isolated from the residual liquid, in particular by chromatography on carboxymethyl cellulose at pH 4.7 to 5.5.Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has the amino acid sequence: ##STR1## where Cys-57 and Cys-146 form a disulfide bond.

Abstract: A peptide having the formulaA--Bwherein A represents an N-terminal protected amino acid residue or an optionally N-terminal protected peptide residue and B represents an optionally C-terminal protected amino acid residue, is prepared byreacting a substrate component selected from the group consisting of(a) amino acid esters, peptide esters and depsipeptides of the formulaA--OR.sup.1 or A--SR.sup.1wherein A is as defined above and R.sup.1 represents alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or an .alpha.-des-amino fragment of an amino acid residue,(b) optionally N-substituted amino acid amides and peptide amides of the formulaA--NHR.sup.2wherein A is as defined above and R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, and(c) optionally N-terminal protected peptides of the formulaA--Xwherein A is as defined above and X represents an amino acidwith an amine component selected from the group consisting of(a) amino acids of the formulaH--B--OH,(b) optionally N-substituted amino acid amides of the formulaH--B--NHR.sup.

Abstract: An illumination device permitting microscopes, for use of the microscope as a fluorescence microscope, comprises a light-screening tube (2, 4) preferably of variable length, one end of the tube being connectible to the microscope objective and the other end being disposed to surround the sample which is intended for microscopic observation on the sample stage (1) of the microscope. An opening in the tube is arranged to direct high intensity UV and/or visible light towards the sample. In that the light is directed towards the sample bypassing the optics of the microscope, substantially unchanged light intensity will be realized from the light source to the sample, which considerably facilitates fluorescence studies with, in particular, microscope objectives of low magnifying power and low numerical aperture.

Abstract: Haze formation in beer caused by anthocyanogens is reduced by using a mutant strain of barley having low anthocyanogen content as the source of barley or malted barley from which wort is prepared in the brewing process.

Abstract: A conveyor line between two working stations for objects such as bottles and comprising a single or multi-row buffer section between the discharge conveyor of a preceding working station and the feed conveyor to a subsequent working station and provided with means for currently checking the number of objects present in the buffer section, said means being adapted to adjust the speed of the buffer section conveyor continuously in response to the detected number of objects.