Abstract: A canister, especially for two-cycle engines, having both noise reduction and pollutant treatment attributes in a single unit. To effectuate sound reduction the canister muffler has mounted within it several tubes randomly arranged in relation to one another. Thus, an emission stream is forced to frequently change directions, causing a baffling effect and a reduction in noise. Further, these tubes are coated with a catalytic substance to treat the emission stream and thus decrease undesired pollutants. The turbulent flow of the emission stream caused by the tubes also serves to increase the contact with the catalyst. Hence, a single canister is all that is necessary to both silence and treat the emission exhaust stream.

Abstract: A method for preparing precipitated silicates and silicas having good high shear rheology in high solids aqueous slurries. Destructuring of aluminum silicate and silica via dry milling results in decreasing DBP oil absorption. The destructured materials are useful for ink jet coating formulations.

Abstract: A phosphorus-free and boron-free cleaning composition containing a phosphorus-free aqueous solution containing an active ingredient (e.g., hydrogen peroxide or a compound capable of releasing hydrogen peroxide under the conditions prevailing in use of the composition), at least one organic stannate which is a tetravalent tin complexed with dicarboxylic acid, hydroxy carboxylic acid, or tricarboxylic acid, and optionally at least one organic stabilizer which is a benzoate, a sulfonic acid or salt, or mixtures thereof. The active ingredient is hydrogen peroxide or a percarbonate. The aqueous solution has an alkaline pH.

Abstract: A process for treating effluent containing cyanide by contacting the effluent with a mixture formed from a source of hydrogen peroxide and a source of magnesium ion to oxidize the cyanide. The ratio of hydrogen peroxide to cyanide is up to 10:1 and the amount of magnesium ion is present in the concentration of 0.1 to 1000 ppm per liter of aqueous waste effluent.

Abstract: A method and assembly for removing fine particles in an essentially dust-free manner which features a semi-bulk container bag that is removed from a reusable protective container, hoisted off the ground and punctured with a discharge probe. The puncturing of the plastic bag is achieved by inserting a spear shaped probe with tapered nozzle head. The probe is sealed with respect to the bag. The nozzle head includes a plurality of elongated discharge openings, as well as a nozzle tip with a plurality of injection ports. Fine particles having a size of less than 400 .mu., are fluidized and then discharged out through the discharge openings by a suction device. Fluidization is achieved by injecting air or inert gas through the tip of the nozzle head. The fluidized fine particles removed from the bag are passed through the discharge openings, out through the probe, through a flexible conduit and to a storage or further processing device.

Abstract: Chlorine dioxide is generated from an aqueous solution of sodium chlorite in the presence of a catalyst having a higher activity and a reduced rate of deactivation. The catalyst is preferably a Pd/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of palladium and another platinum group metal (e.g., Pd+Pt/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) or palladium and a Group IB metal (e.g., Pd+Au/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) catalyst containing La.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Nd.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: Shelf life of commercially processed poultry and seafood can be extended by introducing food grade H.sub.2 O.sub.2 and food grade surface active agents into the chiller water to wash off bacteria on the surface of the food product. The agents are alkylaryl sulfonates, sulfates, sulfonates of oils and fatty acid, sulfate of alcohols and sulfosuccinates.

Abstract: Delignification and bleaching of lignocellulosic material is enhanced after the pulp has been treated with peroxomonosulfuric acid.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for detoxifying an aqueous waste solution containing cyanide. The method involves adding a source of silicon oxide to the cyanide containing aqueous waste solution in a concentration of 0.001 to 10 g silicon dioxide/liter aqueous waste solution, at an alkaline pH and a temperature of from 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. Hydrogen peroxide or another peroxygen compound is added in a sufficient quantity to convert the aqueous waste solution containing cyanide to an aqueous solution containing environmentally less toxic materials.

Abstract: Delignification and bleaching of lignocellulosic material is enhanced after the pulp has been treated with peroxomonosulfuric acid. The starting pH of the reaction with peroxomonosulfuric acid is between 7 and 11, and the reaction is continued until a final pH of 3 to 5 obtained. Subsequently the pulp is delignified and bleached with peroxide and/or oxygen.

Abstract: Adverse effects of mold-infested corn caused by mycotoxins are alleviated by including methionine and niacinamide in the diet of poultry.