Abstract: Stable liposome composition for delivering a pharmaceutical agent, the composition comprising: (a) a suitable aqueous medium; (b) liposomes formed from a suitable phospholipid; (c) at least one pharmaceutical agent being at least partially encapsulated in the liposomes, and being selected from: (i) a lipophilic amine and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable acid is selected from an organic or inorganic acid, and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid salt of a lipophilic amine, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid; wherein the quantity of the pharmaceutically acceptable acid present in the composition is such that the pH of the liposome composition is less than or approximately equal to the pKa of the amino group of the pharmaceutically active lipophilic amine.

Abstract: An opioid formulation for pulmonary administration in the treatment or management of pain, a pulmonary drug delivery device containing, method of administering, kit containing, and uses of same. The formulation contains at least one rapid-onset opioid and preferably also contains a sustained-effect opioid to reduce the frequency of administration. The invention employs the side effects of the opioid formulation to permit patients to self-limit drug intake, thereby avoiding toxicity while achieving analgesia. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model is employed to determine optimum drug formulations and optimum parameters for administration.

Abstract: Liposome-encapsulated opioid analgesic agents delivered by the pulmonary route provide local, or systemic analgesia superior to that produced by the solution form of these agents administered by parentral (intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous injection) or oral routes.