Abstract: This invention provides a novel delivery means that enables efficient delivery of an active ingredient to a target cell. Such novel delivery means is a liposome for topical administration that consists of dioleylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), phosphatidylcholine, and cationic lipid, that is not modified with PEG, and that is free of cholesterol.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel delivery means that enables efficient delivery of an active ingredient to a target cell. Such novel delivery means is a liposome for topical administration that consists of dioleylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), phosphatidylcholine, and cationic lipid, that is not modified with PEG, and that is free of cholesterol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel antimetabolic anticancer agent that has an excellent balance between antitumor effect and toxicity. Specifically, the present invention provides a medicament containing, as an active ingredient, a 5-fluorouracil derivative represented by Formula (I) or a salt thereof: wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a protecting group of a hydroxy group, R2 represents a lower alkoxy-lower alkyl group or a tetrahydrofuranyl group, X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, and Y represents a halogen atom or a cyano group.

Abstract: This method provides a method for delivering shRNA targeting TS in vivo. In addition, the following is provided: an antitumor agent, which comprises short hairpin RNA (shRNA) capable of inhibiting expression of thymidylate synthase by RNAi action and a PEG-modified cationic liposome, wherein the shRNA is bound to the surface of the PEG-modified cationic liposome and has an overhang comprising at least two nucleotides at the 3? end.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel RNAi molecule that can significantly potentiate antitumor effects of a 5-FU antitumor agent. The RNAi molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. The invention also provides an antitumor agent comprising such RNAi molecule and a 5-FU antitumor agent.

Abstract: This method provides a method for delivering shRNA targeting TS in vivo. In addition, the following is provided: an antitumor agent, which comprises short hairpin RNA (shRNA) capable of inhibiting expression of thymidylate synthase by RNAi action and a PEG-modified cationic liposome, wherein the shRNA is bound to the surface of the PEG-modified cationic liposome and has an overhang comprising at least two nucleotides at the 3? end.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stable crystal of 1-(2?-cyano-2?-deoxy-?-D-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine monohydrochloride. There is provided a crystal of 1-(2?-cyano-2?-deoxy-?-D-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine monohydrochloride having characteristic peaks at 13.7°, 15.7°, 16.0°, 18.6°, 20.3°, and 22.7° as diffraction angles (2?±0.1°) measured by powder X-ray diffraction, and having a melting point of 192° C. to 197° C.

Abstract: This method provides a method for delivering shRNA targeting TS in vivo. In addition, the following is provided: an antitumor agent, which comprises short hairpin RNA (shRNA) capable of inhibiting expression of thymidylate synthase by RNAi action and a PEG-modified cationic liposome, wherein the shRNA is bound to the surface of the PEG-modified cationic liposome and has an overhang comprising at least two nucleotides at the 3? end.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stable crystal of 1-(2?-cyano-2?-deoxy-?-D-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine monohydrochloride. There is provided a crystal of 1-(2?-cyano-2?-deoxy-?-D-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine monohydrochloride having characteristic peaks at 13.7°, 15.7°, 16.0°, 18.6°, 20.3°, and 22.7° as diffraction angles (2?±0.1°) measured by powder X-ray diffraction, and having a melting point of 192° C. to 197° C.