Abstract: A containing device for affixing a plurality of optical transceivers is provided, wherein each of the optical transceivers includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The containing device includes a housing and a passage formed in the housing. The passage has a first abutting surface and a second abutting surface. The optical transceivers are disposed in the passage. When the containing device moves along a first direction relative to the optical transceivers, the first abutting surface contacts the first surfaces of the optical transceivers. When the containing device moves along a second direction relative to the optical transceivers, the second abutting surface contacts the second surfaces of the optical transceivers, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

Abstract: A power transmission device includes a first circuit board, a conductive base, a connection element, a second circuit board, and a fixing element. The conductive base is fixed on the first circuit board. The connection element is disposed on the conductive base. The second circuit board is fixed on the connection element. The fixing element is disposed on the second circuit board, and connected to the conductive base by penetrating through the second circuit board and the connection element. The first circuit board is electrically connected to the second circuit board via the conductive base and the connection element.

Abstract: A network apparatus coupled to a plurality of nodes. The nodes are clustered into a plurality of groups. The network apparatus includes a storage component and a controller. The storage component is configured to store a plurality of group numbers corresponding to the groups and a plurality of node numbers corresponding to the nodes. The controller is configured to transmit a broadcast packet to all of the nodes. The broadcast packet includes a local network broadcast message. The local network broadcast message includes operating information. The local network broadcast message corresponds to at least one of the group numbers and the node numbers. Each of the nodes determines whether to dismiss the operating information of the broadcast packet according to the local network broadcast message of the broadcast packet.

Abstract: A network system includes first nodes and a second node. Each first node is directly communicatively connected to the second node, or each first node is indirectly communicatively connected to the second node through another first node. The second node includes a network layer and an application layer. When a new node desires is joining the first nodes, the network layer sends an update signal including first network address information of the new node. The application layer is configured to connect to a database and perform an authentication on the first network address information of the new node based on a node list in the database. When the new node passes the authentication, the application layer stores the update signal in the database.

Abstract: Methods and devices for connecting to multiple interfaces are provided. The method includes: receiving, by a client managing unit, a first data and a connection request transmitted from a first client device, wherein the connection request is used to request to connect to a first remote device; determining, by a remote device managing unit, an interface protocol of an interface controller of the first remote device according to the connection request, and transmitting the first data to an interface protocol processing unit corresponding to the interface protocol; and adding, by the interface protocol processing unit, a header corresponding to the interface controller of the first remote device to the first data and transmitting the first data adding the header to the first remote device through the interface controller.

Abstract: A network system includes a plurality of network groups. Each of the network groups includes at least one node. The at least one node is configured for transmitting a beacon response according to a beacon request transmitted by a new node. When the at least one node of the at least one of the network groups transmits the beacon response, at least another one of the network groups is in a sleep state, and the new node connects with the at least one node of the at least one of the network groups according to the beacon response. A connection method of the network system is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: An authentication and authorization method and system are provided. The method includes: receiving an authentication request transmitted from a first device; transmitting the authentication request to an authentication and authorization server subsystem; authenticating the authentication request and generating authentication information; generating an authorization request used to request a second device for authorization according to the authentication information; and authenticating the authorization request, generating an authorization information and transmitting the authorization information to the first device through an authentication and authorization client subsystem so that the first device communicates with the second device directly according to the authorization information.

Abstract: A network system includes a plurality of network groups. Each of the network groups includes at least one node. The at least one node is configured for transmitting a beacon response according to a beacon request transmitted by a new node. When the at least one node of the at least one of the network groups transmits the beacon response, at least another one of the network groups is in a sleep state, and the new node connects with the at least one node of the at least one of the network groups according to the beacon response. A connection method of the network system is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: An authentication and authorization method and system are provided. The method includes: receiving an authentication request transmitted from a first device; transmitting the authentication request to an authentication and authorization server subsystem; authenticating the authentication request and generating authentication information; generating an authorization request used to request a second device for authorization according to the authentication information; and authenticating the authorization request, generating an authorization information and transmitting the authorization information to the first device through an authentication and authorization client subsystem so that the first device communicates with the second device directly according to the authorization information.

Abstract: An In-Flight Entertainment system is provided with a server unit and a display unit. The server unit is configured to maintain digital content. The display unit is configured to connect to the server unit through a wired network for receiving and presenting the digital content. The display unit further includes a wireless module for wirelessly transmitting the digital content received from the server unit to be presented by a first portable device.

Abstract: A method for transmitting and receiving a message is provided. The method includes steps of providing a bridge device having a bridge hardware address and a first end, receiving a first message including a first hardware address, a first protocol address and a second protocol address from the first end, recording the first hardware address and the first protocol address on a table, replacing the first hardware address with the bridge hardware address, transmitting the first message to a second end having a second hardware address corresponding to the second protocol address; transmitting a second message including the first protocol address, the second protocol address, the bridge hardware address, and the second hardware address from the second end to the bridge device, replacing the bridge hardware address with the first hardware address according to the table; and transmitting the second message to the first end.

Abstract: This invention provides a detecting device and a method for a passive optical network (PON), which includes: a laser device; a detector coupled to the laser device and generating an output signal at one of a first level when the laser device emits light and a second level when the laser device does not emit light; and a processor repeatedly detecting the output signal in a fixed period, and simultaneously counting a total number of changes that the output signal changes from the first level to the second level and the output signal changes from the second level to the first level so as to detect whether a light leakage occurs in the PON.

Abstract: A microstrip antenna is provided. The microstrip antenna includes a first substrate with a first surface and a second surface paralleled to each other, a metal ground plane with an aperture disposed on the first surface and exposing parts of the first substrate via the aperture and a metal feed line disposed on the second surface, the metal feed line has at least two intersections with the aperture on a horizontal projection plane, in order to feed a signal received or transmitted by the microstrip antenna.

Abstract: An antenna and an antenna set are provided. The antenna is composed of a horseshoe sheet member and two rectangular sheet members. The horseshoe sheet member and the two rectangular sheet members are all made of a metal material. The antenna is made of a metal material, such as tinplate, and the antenna is adapted for receiving or emitting wireless signals of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. The antenna set includes three antennae as above disposed on a substrate. The antenna set is adapted for polarization diversity, pattern diversity, and space diversity. Comparing with the conventional antenna and antenna set, the antenna and the antenna set according to the present invention have lower costs and lower heights, and can be designed as embedded antennae or hidden antennae.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless transmit/receive unit, comprising a feeding connecting line, a first radiating line, a second radiating line, a third radiating line and a fourth radiating line, wherein the third radiating line is longer than the first radiating line and the first radiating line is longer than the second radiating line that provides different current paths for getting a broader bandwidth. The first, second and third radiating lines are connected parallel for enhancing an antenna pattern being perpendicular thereto, and form a series capacity between the first and the third radiating lines. The fourth radiating line vertically connects between the third radiating line and a grounding line for forming a grounding capacity. The printed antenna can be reduced in size by the effect of the two capacities. The wireless transmit/receive unit can provide a better isolation with others by the direction enforced pattern and the reduced size.

Abstract: A method for transmitting and receiving a message is provided. The method includes steps of providing a bridge device having a bridge hardware address and a first end, receiving a first message including a first hardware address, a first protocol address and a second protocol address from the first end, recording the first hardware address and the first protocol address on a table, replacing the first hardware address with the bridge hardware address, transmitting the first message to a second end having a second hardware address corresponding to the second protocol address; transmitting a second message including the first protocol address, the second protocol address, the bridge hardware address, and the second hardware address from the second end to the bridge device, replacing the bridge hardware address with the first hardware address according to the table; and transmitting the second message to the first end.

Abstract: A HomePlug apparatus is electrically connected to a power network and includes a HomePlug processing circuit and a surge protecting circuit. The HomePlug processing circuit is electrically connected to the surge protecting circuit. The surge protecting circuit has at least one inductor, at least one capacitor and at least one arrester. The inductor is electrically connected to the power network. The arrester is electrically connected to a ground. The inductor, the capacitor and the arrester are connected in series to guide a surge originated from the power network to the ground.

Abstract: A load balancing method for a wireless local area network (LAN) which has a plurality of access points is provided in the present invention. The load balancing decision is made by a load balancing module according to traffic conditions and bandwidth availability of each traffic priority class based on a corresponding class of service. The load balancing module is a centralized module which the load balancing decision is determined by the centralized module, or is determined through information exchanges among distributed load balancing modules of the access points. The load balancing decision also takes into consideration of VLANs per VLAN tag basis. Each of the VLANs is defined with the corresponding traffic priority class.

Abstract: An antenna structure and a method for increasing an antenna bandwidth are provided. The antenna structure includes a feeding portion, a first resonating element electrically connected to the feeding portion, a protruding portion electrically connected to the feeding portion, and a second resonating element coupled with the protruding portion.

Abstract: A printed monopole smart antenna is provided. The smart antenna includes a monopole antenna having a plane for receiving and transmitting a signal, two conductors for directing and/or reflecting the signal to the monopole antenna respectively, and a circuit device electrically connected between the first and second conductors, for selectively switching the first and second conductors to determine an operation mode of the smart antenna. The smart antenna further has at least a groove in the ground for concentrating the current distribution and solving the influence of the antenna gain to the ground size. The sequence of the antenna pattern of the smart antenna is randomly arranged, depending on user's situation. When a plurality of printed monopole smart antennas are disposed on different directions of the WLAN AP/router, the omnidirectional radiation pattern will be obtained and the antenna gain will be increased.