Abstract: A fusion protein comprising a translocating moiety and a toxic moiety wherein the translocating moiety comprises a plant protein that is capable of acting as a carrier to translocate the toxic moiety across the gut wall of at least one plant pathogen, wherein the toxic moiety is adapted to be effective as a toxic agent following translocation; composition comprising the protein, methods for preparation thereof; polynucleotide encoding the fusion protein, vector comprising the polynucleotide, host cell and transgenic plant cell or plant that is resistant to pathogen, expressing the fusion protein, and uses thereof in combatting plant pathogens and in insect control.