Abstract: A system and method for optically measuring simultaneously the emissivity d temperature of an object and the ambient temperature with a successive determination of values of spectral radiance or spectral radiant intensity in n wavelength bands in the visible and/or infrared radiation bands and with m temperatures of the object, by obtaining m rows of at least n=4 values of spectral radiance or spectral radiant intensity from the measurements of at least m=3 different temperatures of the object, forming from the rows a set of equations with n.multidot.m=12 unknowns and n.multidot.m measured values, expressing through a set of equationsL1.sub.M,.lambda..sbsb.i =t.sub.QST.sbsb.i .multidot.r.sub.i t.sub.i {.epsilon..sub.i .multidot.L.sub.T.sbsb.OBj.sub.,.lambda..sbsb.i +(1-.epsilon..sub.i)(L.sub.T.sbsb.Amb.sub.,.lambda..sbsb. +r.sub.QST.sbsb.i .multidot..OMEGA..sub.Q .multidot.L.sub.T.sbsb.Q1.sub., .lambda..sbsb.i)}L2.sub.M,.lambda..sbsb.i =t.sub.QST.sbsb.i .multidot.r.sub.i t.sub.i {.epsilon..sub.i .multidot.L.

Abstract: In order to so improve an aerodynamic window device for a laser which isolates the laser cavity pressure and comprises a jet nozzle and a diffuser arranged opposite the jet nozzle for generating a free jet extending from the jet nozzle to the diffuser and covering an exit aperture, that variable setting of the pressure level in the laser cavity is possible, it is proposed that a side wall (80) of the diffuser (72) which faces away from the laser cavity (34) be adjustable, at least in sections thereof, relative to a free jet direction (68).

Abstract: There is provided a device for programming motions and operational forces or torques of a robot, and a device for carrying out the method. The device includes a handle grip-sensor unit which includes a known sensor of forces and/or torques of the type which defines a load pick-up plate connected via spokes to a peripheral ring and via upright supports to a rigid base part. The peripheral ring is connected to an inner wall of a hollow body whose outer wall is shaped to match the contours of the human hand. The base part is rigidly connected either to an inertial platform or to an end link of the robot. The output of the sensor is connected to link driving means of the robot via a data-processing unit which converts the output signals from the sensor into data corresponding to forces or torques applied by the operator to the handgrip-sensor unit.