Abstract: A method for operating a communication network includes a communication network providing a sender of a distributed real-time application and a receiver of the distributed real-time application with a communication connection, the distributed real-time application defining a minimum operable data rate. The sender periodically transmits data packets to the receiver via the provided communication connection at a data rate higher than the defined minimum operable data rate. The sender steadily determines a currently available bitrate of the communication connection, and adjusts the data rate to a data rate lower than the determined currently available bitrate by a data rate offset defined by the distributed real-time application. A node of the communication network learns the defined data rate offset and provides a guaranteed minimum bitrate of the communication connection higher than a booked minimum bitrate of the communication connection by the learned data rate offset.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of optimizing a usage distribution in a communications network uses a quantum concept processor. A set of traffic demands for a transfer of determined data volumes between origin nodes and destination nodes among the plurality of communication nodes is captured. The traffic demands are split into sub-demands. A set of optional communication paths for an individual routing of each sub-demand is specified. The edges within the set of optional communication paths are assigned a respective usage capacity limit. Fractional capacity usages of the edges are calculated based on the respective usage capacity limit. The calculated fractional capacity usages are formulated as terms of a quadratic stress function. An optimized routing is determined by using a quantum concept processor, thereby selecting for each sub-demand one communication path from the set of optional communication paths such that the quadratic stress function is minimized.

Abstract: Establishing a data plane session for a user equipment with a network using an access network requires the existence of a data path in or through a forwarding entity of the network. The forwarding entity is part of the access network or is an IP edge network node, wherein the data path within the forwarding entity corresponds to a programmed data path in or through a forwarding entity defined by means of data path configuration information being used to identify the user equipment and/or the data plane session using the data path, wherein in order to establish the session, the method includes establishing the data path within the forwarding entity as an at least partly programmed and/or pre-provisioned data path, including the data path configuration information, wherein establishing the session for the user equipment involves the session and/or the user equipment to be assigned to the existing pre-provisioned data path.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment within or as part of a telecommunications network includes: in a first step, an application or an application layer functionality transmits an application access request message to an application authorization function or functionality, the application access request message comprising at least one piece of credential information being related to the application or the application layer functionality; and in a second step, the application authorization function or functionality transmits—in case that the application access request message is determined, by the application authorization function or functionality, to be valid—an application access grant message to the application or the application layer functionality, such that access of the application or the application layer functionality to the at least one data transmission session is allowed only in case the application access request message is determined to be valid.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method optimizes a routing of data traffic in a communications network by using a quantum concept processor. A set of potential short communication paths among possible communication paths between respective origin nodes and respective destination nodes of captured traffic demands is specified. The edges within the set of potential short communication paths are assigned a respective usage capacity limit. Fractional capacity usages of the edges are calculated based on respective usage capacity limits of the edges. The calculated fractional capacity usages are formulated as terms of a quadratic stress function. An optimized routing is determined by using a quantum concept processor, thereby selecting for each traffic demand one short communication path from the set of potential short communication paths such that the quadratic stress function is minimized.

Abstract: A compatibility layer, in particular a shim layer, is configured to provide flexible choice of network protocols in a multi-path environment. The compatibility layer includes a first set of communication interfaces that is associated to a first communication link, a second set of communication interfaces that is associated to a second communication link, an access unit configured to get access to a library of network protocols, and a converting unit. The converting unit is configured to convert data packets received from a network entity via the first communication link and/or the second communication link to at least one of the network protocols; and/or the converting unit is configured to convert data packets received from a communication network via the first communication link and/or the second communication link to one standard network protocol.

Abstract: A system installed in a cross-border area between a provider network of a provider and a customer network of a customer includes: a smart optical network termination device (NT) at a site of the customer, wherein the smart optical NT is configured to implement a demarcation point between the customer network and the provider network, and wherein the smart optical NT is independent of a data rate passing through it and an optical interface connected to it; and a monitoring device located at a point of presence (POP) of the provider network. The smart optical NT is further configured to monitor a coupling of optical power by the customer into the provider network and to interact with the monitoring device via at least one traffic analysis point (TAP) for connectivity validation from the POP to the demarcation point.

Abstract: A data traffic analyzer is configured for detecting bursty data traffic on a data path. The data traffic analyzer measures data traffic parameters of the data path and analyzes the data traffic parameters of the data path to detect a bursty traffic pattern based on comparing the data traffic parameters to a time interval threshold TLimit which defines gaps between bursty data traffic. The measured traffic parameters include: i) a data traffic volume and/or a protocol data unit (PDU) count transmitted on the data path; and ii) a time stamp TLPU characterizing the last path usage (LPU) of the data path.

Abstract: A method for a contention-based random access procedure includes: receiving, by a base station, a first scheduled transmission message of a mobile terminal; in response to receiving the first scheduled transmission message, setting up, by the base station, a contention resolution message, wherein the contention resolution message comprises a defined part of a hash value of a mobile terminal contention resolution identity; and transmitting, by the base station, the contention resolution message to the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data packets of at least one communication service from a first network entity to at least one destination network entity includes: establishing a quick user datagram protocol internet connection tunnel between the first network entity and a second network entity; transmitting the data packets from the first network entity to the second network entity via the quick user datagram protocol internet connection tunnel, wherein the data packets are encapsulated within quick user datagram protocol internet connection packets, and wherein the quick user datagram protocol internet connection packets are transmitted from the first network entity to the second network entity via multiple paths; extracting the data packets from the received quick user datagram protocol internet connection packets in the second network entity; and forwarding the extracted data packets from the second network entity to a respective destination network entity.

Abstract: A method for operation of a broadband access network of a telecommunications network includes: in a first step, a traffic load information message regarding the current load situation of a first leaf network node is transmitted, by the local power management entity or functionality of the first leaf network node, to a central power management entity or functionality; in a second step, the central power management entity or functionality transmits a session transfer request message to a session management entity or functionality; in a third step, the session management entity or functionality transmits a session transfer answer message to the central power management entity or functionality; and in a fourth step, the central power management entity or functionality transmits a traffic load execution message to the local power management entity or functionality of the first leaf network node.

Abstract: A method for routing of data packets includes: in a first step, energy budget indication information is associated or applied to at least one specific data packet, wherein energy budget indication information or its information content is related to the energy intensity of the transmission of the at least one specific data packet; and in a second step, subsequent to the first step, a routing and/or scheduling decision regarding a next hop is taken by a specific preceding network node in dependency on the energy budget indication information or its information content, indicating available and/or residual energy budget.

Abstract: A method for completing a transaction includes: a backend server executes an application backend of a transaction application; a first terminal device executes a first application frontend of the transaction application; the first application frontend, for starting a transaction, transmits a transaction request indicating the transaction to be started and a second application frontend different from the first application frontend and comprising transaction data associated with the indicated transaction to the application backend; a second terminal device executes the second application frontend of the transaction application; the application backend provides a transaction link for being connected to by the second application frontend and transmits an authorization request to the second application frontend; the second application frontend authorizes the requested transaction and transmits a transaction authorization to the application backend; and the application backend completes the transaction.

Abstract: A method for operation of a broadband access network of a telecommunications network includes: a central office point of delivery and/or a load management entity or functionality thereof detects that an increased load situation is currently happening or determines that an increased load situation is likely to happen or that a specific task is to be performed; the central office point of delivery triggers the use of additional virtualized network functions and/or additional micro services and an additional message router and load balancing entity for handling the increased load situation and/or for performing specific tasks within the telecommunications network and/or within the central office point of delivery; and upon detection of a normal load situation, the central office point of delivery releases the use of the additional virtualized network functions and/or additional micro services and the use of the additional message router and load balancing entity.

Abstract: A method for configuring a mobile Point-of-Sales (mPOS) application for executing a transaction includes: installing an application frontend of the mPOS application on a terminal device connected to a communication network; installing an application backend of the mPOS application on an edge cloud server of the communication network; configuring the application frontend to act, upon launch, as an I/O interface and to communicate with the application backend via a secure connection provided by the communication network; and splitting I/O drivers comprised by computer program code of the mPOS application into a low-level driver executed on the terminal device as part of the I/O interface and a high-level driver executed in the application backend at the edge cloud server.

Abstract: A method for controlling use of user plane radio communication resources of a telecommunications network and/or for controlling access of a user equipment to the telecommunications network includes: transmitting, by the telecommunications network, a plurality of specific suspend time indications to the user equipment, wherein each one of the plurality of specific suspend time indications relates to a different network slice and/or to a different network service; and controlling the use of user plane radio communication resources of the telecommunications network and/or the access of the user equipment to the telecommunications network by deciding whether an attempt to use user plane radio communication resources of the telecommunications network is allowed or disallowed and/or whether an attempt to access the telecommunications network is allowed or disallowed.

Abstract: A telecommunications system includes: a user equipment (UE); an access network (AN); and a core network (CN) composed of CN elements. A CN element comprises a set of UE route selection policy (URSP) rules, wherein each URSP rule comprises at least the following parameters: precedence value of URSP rule, a traffic descriptor, and at least a route selection descriptor containing a destination for matching traffic. The UE comprises one or more local resources which comprise: a local device or location in the UE, either physical or logical; and/or a local network address in the UE. A CN element is configured to instruct the UE with one or more URSP rules to route traffic matching the traffic descriptor to the destination local resource, local device, location or local network address in the UE. The UE is configured to direct the matching traffic to the destination in the URSP rule.

Abstract: A method for operating a mobile Point-of-Sales (mPOS) application includes: an application frontend of the mPOS application is installed and launched on a terminal device connected to a communication network via a secure connection; an application backend of the mPOS application is installed and launched on an edge cloud server of the communication network; the application frontend, for starting a transaction associated with the mPOS application, transmits a transaction request indicating the transaction to be started and comprising transaction data associated with the indicated transaction to the application backend via the connection; the application backend transmits an authorization request to the application frontend via the connection; the application frontend authorizes the requested transaction and transmits a transaction authorization to the application backend via the connection; and the application backend completes the transaction.

Abstract: A method to enable secure data communication between a first network of a first network provider and a second network of a second network provider includes: establishing a handover process from a 5G communication environment of a first network to a 4G communication environment of a second network; directing control plane traffic of the data transmission from a security edge protection proxy (SEPP) of the first network to a SEPP of the second network; directing user plane traffic of the data transmission to an access link to the 4G communication environment of the second network and through a GTP-firewall; and providing decrypted control plane traffic to the GTP-firewall, wherein the GTP-firewall performs security measures based on information extracted from the control plane traffic.

Abstract: The present disclosure refers to a method comprising: a) selecting an edge computing system (212) of a plurality of edge computing systems each located nearby a respective base station (211) of a wireless network (110) and deployed and managed by a network provider, the selected edge computing system (212) being configured to provision at least one latency critical application (214) which is to be provided to at least one end user device (230) in a cell via the base station (211) serving the cell and located nearby the selected edge computing system (212), b) provisioning, at the selected edge computing system (212), the at least one latency critical application (214) and a service layer radio application (SLRA) (215) for communication with a scheduler associated with the base station (211); c) transferring transmission specific data in real time between the at least one latency critical application (214) and the scheduler associated with the base station (211) via the service layer radio application (SLRA) (