Abstract: Certain imidazothiazoles and thiazolopyrimidines have been found to prevent and inhibit the formation of granuloma tissue in animals. This result is accomplished by administering to the animal subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, R' is hydrogen, lower alkyl or thioalkyl, carboxy methyl, or phenyl; R" is lower alkyl, 2-benzofuranyl, naphthyl, phenyl, or mono- or disubstituted phenyl. The hydrated precursors of certain of these compounds as well as the acid addition and quaternary salts of both the compounds and their hydrated precursors may be employed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for the concentration and purification of a cell liquor containing sodium or potassium hydroxide wherein the three compartment electrolytic cell has a porous catalytic anode, a porous asbestos diaphragm separating the anode compartment and a central compartment having a stratification network, a cation-exchange membrane separating the central compartment and a cathode compartment having cathode disposed therein such that an electrolyzing current may be passed between the anode and cathode. Hydrogen gas emanating from the cathode and anode compartments is fed into the porous catalytic anode to decrease the potential across the cell below the evolution potential for chlorine and coincidentally reduce the power requirements of the cell, which is operated at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for converting a diaphragm electrolytic cell to a membrane electrolytic cell by using the standard diaphragm cell equipment and applying a membrane over top of a matting material upon the cathode surface. This method permits a manufacturer having a diaphragm electrolytic cells to convert those cells to membrane electrolytic cells without significant capital expenditure to achieve the desirable characteristics of a membrane electrolytic cell.

Abstract: Synthetic sizes for use on yarns in water jet looms are prepared by copolymerizing methacrylic acid with from about 3% by weight to about 15% by weight of acrylic acid or vinylethoxytetraethylene glycol as the comonomer. These sizes are useful as nylon warp sizes in water jet looms. They have the desired adhesion to nylon and water resistance plus non-adhesion to steel parts on the loom.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved wafer electrode for use in an electrolytic cell, having an access tube to direct a fluid across the electrode plate or to remove fluid from near the electrode plate within the cell. Cells employing the subject wafer electrode in an electrolytic cell can be used for various electrochemical processes such as for the production of alkali metal carbonates.

Abstract: The specification and drawings disclose an anode assembly for use in electrolytic cells, and apparatus for forming such assemblies. The anode assembly comprises an anode riser to which is joined a parallel pair of metal sheets which form anode surfaces. The sheets are joined to the riser by connecting means which permit movement of the sheets toward and away from one another while maintaining their parallel relationship. Additionally, the connecting means is such that it maintains a tension on the sheets to prevent them from warping or assuming a non-planar configuration. The disclosed apparatus permits assembly of the sheets to the riser in a simple, rapid manner.

Abstract: An apparatus for interrupting the passage of electrical current along a mixed stream of gas and liquid.

Abstract: A liquid phosphatizing composition, containing organic solvent such as 1,1,1-trichlorethane or trichlorofluoromethane, can provide phosphate coatings on metal articles. In addition to the organic solvent, the composition contains a phosphatizing proportion of phosphoric acid and a solubilizing liquid capable of solubilizing phosphoric acid in the organic solvent. Most critically, the composition contains water in an amount exceeding the proportion of phosphoric acid, yet, the water-containing liquid composition maintains liquid phase homogeneity. Phosphatized coatings of desirable water insolubility are obtained.

Abstract: Carbamate derivatives of ketoximes are useful in combatting pests such as insects, mites, and nematodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes especially electrowinning processes wherein a metal substrate made of a valve metal such as titanium carries a semiconducting intermediate coating consisting of a combination of tin and antimony oxides laid down upon the valve metal substrate in a series of layers and a top coating consisting of manganese dioxide applied in a series of layers.

Abstract: A coating composition for application to a metal substrate can desirably contain CrO.sub.3 and zinc flake in aqueous medium, as well as containing organic liquid. Such compositions will provide a corrosion and alkali resistant coating to the metal. The zinc flake can be mechanically flattened from non-flake starting material, in a liquid medium that includes organic liquid for the coating composition. Efficiency of compositional preparation initiating with flake preparation is thereby achieved.

Abstract: Concentrated alkali metal hydroxide substantially free of alkali metal halide and other impurities is produced by the electrolysis of an alkali metal halide solution in an electrolytic cell having a dimensionally stable anode and a metal cathode separated by an electrically conductive stable selectively permeable hydrated cation ion-exchange membrane film of a fluorinated copolymer having pendant sulfonic acid groups or derivatives of such groups. The membrane film is capable of use at high temperatures and under severely corrosive chemical conditions for extended periods without degradation.

Abstract: A cathode adapted for the electrolysis of water or an aqueous solution of an alkali metal halide salt because it gives prolonged lowering of hydrogen overvoltage is provided by an electrically conductive substrate bearing on its surface a coating produced by melt spraying an admixture of particulate nickel or cobalt and particulate aluminum and then leaching out the aluminum.

Abstract: Defoamer compositions having improved stability are prepared from hydrophobic silica, quick-chilled amides, and hydrocarbon oil, with oil soluble organic polymers and surface-active additives as optional ingredients. These compositions are useful in defoaming aqueous systems including paper pulp black liquors, water-base paints, and adhesives.

Abstract: Composite coatings, of an undercoating plus a subsequent coating each containing a multi-valent metal, can achieve excellent corrosion protection when the coatings are subjected to appropriate heat curing. Such curing for a subsequent coating is generally under conditions unlike those of a similar, or the same, undercoating. Firstly, control over cure temperature and time is exercised with the undercoating to virtually eliminate its water sensitivity. Then for example, water quenching may be used in cooling. Next, differing cure conditions for the topcoating are used to favor augmented corrosion resistance for the composite.

Abstract: Calcium pantothenate is recovered from methanol solution by azeotroping the methanol with a suitable solvent. A methanol solution of calcium pantothenate is added at a regulated rate to a solvent such as octane heated above the methanol boiling point and methanol is removed by distillation as a methanol-solvent azeotrope leaving the calcium pantothenate in the form of a slurry in the azeotroping solvent. The distillation is carried out continuously but the solids may be removed continuously or collected in the still as a batch for subsequent removal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of leather and more particularly to a novel non-rewet dry cleanable leather, and the treatment method by which it is produced. The water-resistance property of a leather which has been treated with a polymeric phosphate ester syntan is significantly improved by subsequently subjecting such a treated leather to a non-aqueous solvent extraction procedure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bipolar electrode for stacking with other identical bipolar electrodes to form a filter press electrolytic cell. The anode and cathode compartments are pans, each pressed from a single sheet of an appropriate metallic material and are assembled in back-to-back spaced relation leaving an air space between the two pans. The peripheral channels of the pans are filled with a castable rigidizing material to form solid peripheral edges for sealing engagement of the bipolar electrode by other identical bipolar electrodes. These electrodes may be sealingly clamped together in series with diaphragms or membranes sandwiched in between if desired to form a cell structure.

Abstract: A method for reducing the higher oxides of manganese in manganese ore using solid fuel intermixed with an ore bed.

Abstract: A liquid composition, containing methylene chloride, can provide phosphate coatings on metal articles. In addition to the methylene chloride, the composition contains a phosphatizing proportion of phosphoric acid and a solubilizing solvent capable of solubilizing phosphoric acid in methylene chloride. Most critically, the composition contains water in an amount exceeding the proportion of phosphoric acid, yet, the water-containing liquid composition maintains liquid phase homogeneity. Phosphatized coatings of desirable water insolubility are thereby obtained.