Abstract: An electronic irritation device includes a plurality of electronic irritation signal modules. Each of the modules has at least one emitter for emitting optical or acoustic irritation signals, and additionally a connection device for coupling the plurality of irritation signal modules to one another and an unlocking device for automatically unlocking the connection device in order to decouple the plurality of irritation signal modules from one another and thereby distribute them spatially. Distributing a plurality of irritation signal modules makes it possible to increase the probability of an irritation effect upon deployment of a single irritation device.

Abstract: An electronic dazzling element has at least one optical emitter for emitting light pulses, which contains an electronic light-emitting device for generating light pulses, and a control device for controlling the light-emitting device of the optical emitter. In order to reduce the brightness reduction of the light pulses as a distance from the dazzling element increases, the optical emitter is configured to emit a collimated light beam. In order to simultaneously achieve the dazzling effect in as large a spatial region as possible, a beam direction of the collimated light beam may be changed.

Abstract: An energy supply system for a consumer unit with safety-relevant electronic consumers has an energy supply network with a main energy supply source for feeding electrical energy into the energy supply network in the normal operating mode of the energy supply system and an energy detection device for detecting the electrical energy being fed into the energy supply network by the main energy supply source. At least one thermal battery feeds electrical energy into the energy supply network in an emergency operating mode of the energy supply system if the electrical energy being fed into the energy supply network from the main energy supply source is insufficient. A controller switches the energy supply system into the emergency operating mode and activates the at least one thermal battery if the energy which is detected by the first energy detection device undershoots a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A device for electrical interconnection of cells of a battery pack through cell connectors, and a battery pack having the device and the cell connectors are provided. A plurality of cell connectors for connection of at least two cell poles are fitted on a mounting plate, electrically isolated from one another. Each cell connector has at least one flexible bracket which extends away from a connection area. The flexible brackets are coupled to the connection area through a resilient structure having a meandering shape.

Abstract: A device for electrical interconnection of cells (12) of a battery pack (11) by means of cell connectors (15) and a battery pack (11) having such cell connectors (15) are distinguished as being convenient for assembly and functionally reliable in that at least one mounting plate (16), which can be latched on the battery pack (11) in a mounting frame (17), is fitted with cell connectors (15) which are electrically isolated from one another, on the basis of the geometric requirement of cell poles (13) to be interconnected to one another, which cell connectors (15) each have flexible brackets (19) for their apex areas (23) to make elastic contact with the end surfaces (26) of cell poles (13). The brackets (19), which are supported by one flank in the form of a flexible spring on the mounting plate (16), are part of a stamped grid, which also comprises conductor tracks (32) which are integrally connected thereto, for example for connection of a battery management means.

Abstract: A method employed for threat analysis based on the passive-radar principle, using the transmitter in navigation satellites, a plurality of receiving stations, which are operated distributed over wide regions, and at least one evaluation center. The receiving stations act as wake-up sensors, transmit their received signals to at least one evaluation center for comparison with expected signals from each navigation satellite and sensing of a threat. Depending on the result, radar systems are operated on a stationary or mobile basis, can then be used with their higher-quality antenna systems on a three-dimensional basis to obtain more precise details relating to a conspicuous entity and the threat which may possibly originate from it in a possible target region or to a mobile or stationary threatened object, and then to make it possible to decide on any currently required protective or defensive measures.

Abstract: A network consisting of sensor elements (7-12), in which the sensor elements (7-12) are connected to one another and/or to a central unit (21) by interfaces, the sensor elements (7-12) being arranged at different locations and each having at least one sensor which detects biological or chemical harmful substances, the sensor elements (7-12) having sensors which detect different substances being arranged at different locations, and the sensor elements (7-12) forwarding measured values detected by the sensors to one another and/or to the central unit (21).

Abstract: A sensor network (1) as well as a method for monitoring a terrain (6) is specified. The sensor network (1) has a number of fixed-position sensors (3, 3?, 3?), which can be deployed in the terrain (6), and at least one programming module (25), with the fixed-position sensors (3, 3?, 3?) each being equipped with a communication device, with the at least one programming module having a position-finding device and a programming device (25), in which case the position of the sensors (3, 3?, 3?) can be determined by the position-finding device and can in each case be applied to the sensors (3, 3?, 3?) by the programming device (25) via the communication device, and with the sensors (3, 3?, 3?) being designed such that they themselves form a network. The sensor network (1) as well as the method, which is carried out in a manner corresponding to it, for monitoring the terrain (6) require sensors (3, 3?, 3?) of simple design, and are thus associated with a cost advantage.

Abstract: A method employed for threat analysis based on the passive-radar principle, using the transmitter in navigation satellites (14) is improved to an extraordinary extent without the introduction of major technological additional complexity when single navigation satellite receiving stations (19), which are operated distributed over wide regions, and, acting as wake-up sensors, transmit their received signals (13) to at least one evaluation centre (11), in which a comparison with irregularities currently being found in some other way is carried out, in order to evaluate any currently occurring irregularities, in comparison to the received signals to be expected.

Abstract: A sensor network (1) as well as a method for monitoring a terrain (6) is specified. The sensor network (1) has a number of fixed-position sensors (3, 3?, 3?), which can be deployed in the terrain (6), and at least one programming module (25), with the fixed-position sensors (3, 3?, 3?) each being equipped with a communication device, with the at least one programming module having a position-finding device and a programming device (25), in which case the position of the sensors (3, 3?, 3?) can be determined by the position-finding device and can in each case be applied to the sensors (3, 3?, 3?) by the programming device (25) via the communication device, and with the sensors (3, 3?, 3?) being designed such that they themselves form a network. The sensor network (1) as well as the method, which is carried out in a manner corresponding to it, for monitoring the terrain (6) require sensors (3, 3?, 3?) of simple design, and are thus associated with a cost advantage.