Abstract: A circuit arrangement having a purely capacitive power supply, at least one power consumer, and a control element for causing power to be supplied to the power consumer. The power supply, the power consumer and the control element form a series circuit. The power consumer has a relay activated by a switching transistor, the switching transistor is connected to the control element. The purely capacitive power supply has a series capacitor for defining the current flow in the series circuit. The circuit arrangement may have a plurality of power consumers connected in series with each other and in series with the power supply and the control element.

Abstract: For use in a radiator space heating system, a thermostatic valve for controlling the flow of heating agent to the radiator is provided with a bypass and at least two auxiliary valves. One auxiliary valve is disposed in the bypass and controlled by the thermostat. The other auxiliary valve is timer-controlled and disposed in series with the thermostatic valve. When temperature reduction is desired, such as during nighttime operation, the timer-controlled auxiliary valve closes, but the bypass auxiliary valve can open when the set-back temperature is reached.