Abstract: According to an embodiment, a stamp for imprint lithography defines a desired shape for a curable resin, wherein the stamp is at least partially transparent to electromagnetic radiation used to cure the curable resin, and wherein the stamp comprises at least one diffuser structure for diffusing the electromagnetic radiation as the electromagnetic radiation propagates through the stamp.

Abstract: The invention concerns a diffractive waveguide element for a personal display device, the element comprising a waveguide body (21), and at least two grating regions (23, 24) arranged on the waveguide body (21), at least some of the grating regions adapted to expand the exit pupil of the element. According to the invention, the grating regions (23, 24) are positioned with respect to each other so that and are provided with gratings having different grating vectors so that the grating regions (23, 24) interact to combine the functions of exit pupil expansion and outcoupling on at least some parts of the element. The invention allows for efficient use of waveguide area.

Abstract: The invention concerns a diffractive element, a method of producing a viewable image and an optical device. The element comprises a waveguide and a diffractive out-coupling region arranged on a surface or inside the waveguide, the out-coupling region comprising a plurality of sub-regions arranged laterally with respect to each other and being adapted to couple light propagating in the waveguide out of the waveguide. According to the invention, the sub-regions each comprise a doubly periodic grating pattern having a first period in a first direction and a second period in a second direction different from the first direction, and wherein there are at least two sub-regions having different grating patterns. The invention allows for combining out-coupling and exit pupil expansion on a single region of a waveguide.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a display component comprises a waveguide, an in-coupling structure configured to couple a set of input beams into the waveguide as a first set of in-coupled beams associated with a first set of in-coupled k vectors lying in a first domain in k-space; an exit pupil expansion structure comprising a hexagonal diffractive grating and configured to diffract the first set of in-coupled beams in a first plurality of directions in k-space to form three sets of guided beams associated with three sets of k vectors lying in a first set of three domains; an out-coupling structure configured to receive a first diffracted set of beams associated with a diffracted set of k-vectors lying in at least one of the domains in the first set of three domains, and to out-couple the first diffracted set of beams from the waveguide.

Abstract: A display structure (1000), a display device, and a vehicle are disclosed. The display structure (1000) comprises a waveguide (1100); an in-coupling structure (1200) configured to in-couple a set of in-coupled beams (1021); a diffractive exit pupil expansion structure (1300) configured to receive and diffract the set of in-coupled beams (1021) to form a first set of guided beams (1031) and a second set of guided beams (1032); and a diffractive out-coupling structure (1400) configured to receive from the exit pupil expansion structure (1300) a first diffracted set of beams (1041) and a second diffracted set of beams (1042) and to out-couple light from the first diffracted set of beams (1041) and from the second diffracted set of beams (1042).

Abstract: A waveguide (1000) configured to propagate light (1001) by total internal reflection, a display device, as well as a method and an apparatus for forming a waveguide are disclosed. The waveguide (1000) comprises a waveguide body (1100) comprising a first face (1110) and a second face (1120) opposite the first face (1110); and a coating (1200) on the first face (1110), the coating (1200) comprising an outer surface (1210) facing away from the first face (1110). The first face (1110) comprises a curved interface region (1111) between the waveguide body (1100) and the coating (1200), and the outer surface (1210) comprises a curved outer region (1211) opposite the interface region (1111). The outer region (1211) comprises a patterned region (1212), and the coating (1200) comprises on the outer surface (1210) a surface relief structure (1220) defining the patterned region (1212).

Abstract: A display structure and a display device are disclosed. The display structure includes a waveguide having a first face and a second face and an out-coupling grating arranged on the first face and configured to couple light out via the second face. The out-coupling grating includes a primary ridge having a first end facing a secondary lateral direction, a first ridge portion extending towards a primary lateral direction opposite to the secondary lateral direction from the first end, a second end facing the primary lateral direction, and a second ridge portion extending towards the secondary lateral direction from the second end. The first ridge portion has a first height, h1, and the second ridge portion has a second height, h2, less than the first height, h1.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, an optical waveguide arrangement comprises: at least one light source arranged to transmit light signals to at least one optical waveguide of the optical waveguide arrangement The at least one optical waveguide is arranged to receive the light signals from the at least one light source and to convey the light signals, to generate a waveguide-based display, to generate a first image at a first focal plane of the optical waveguide arrangement when at least some of the received light signals have a set of first spectral characteristics and to generate a second image at a second focal plane of the optical waveguide arrangement when at least some of the received light signals have a set of second spectral characteristics, at least one spectral characteristic of the set of first spectral characteristics being different from the set of second spectral characteristics.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an optical engine, a display structure, a display device, and a vehicle. The optical engine comprises an illumination arrangement comprising a first light source configured to emit first light having a first peak wavelength and a superluminescent light source configured to emit second light having a second peak wavelength different from the first peak wavelength.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical waveguide arrangement comprising an in¬coupling structure (103) arranged to diffract an incoming light signal having a spectral characteristic in visible spectrum into a first version of the light signal with a first polarization and a second version of the light signal with a second polarization, wherein the first polarization is at least partially orthogonal compared to the second polarization, and the in-coupling structure (103) is further arranged to diffractively couple the first and the second versions of the light signal into an optical waveguide (110) and the optical waveguide (110) arranged to convey the first version of the light signal with the first polarization and the second version of the light signal with the second polarization towards an eye (120), to generate a waveguide-based display.

Abstract: The invention relates to a selective diffractive grating and applications thereof. The grating comprised in a periodic alternating pattern first material having a first dispersion curve (n1), and second material having a second dispersion curve (n2) different from the first dispersion curve (n1). According to the invention, the first and second dispersion curves (n?i, n 2) intersect each other at two or more different wavelengths (?1 ?2).

Abstract: The invention concerns a waveguide display and display element therefor, and a method of designing a waveguide element. The element comprises a waveguide and at least one grating arranged on or within the waveguide, the at least one grating being arranged to couple visible light into, within, and/or out of the waveguide. According to the invention, the period of the grating is in the range of 5 ?m or more. The invention increases freedoms of design of grating-based display elements and allows for better color and FOV control.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diffractive exit pupil expander arrangement for display applications. The arrangement comprises a first lightguide element (51) comprising an exit pupil expander (53) and arranged in a first plane and a second lightguide element (41) comprising an in-coupler (42) and arranged in a second plane. The in-coupler is optically coupled with the exit pupil expander (53). Further, the first lightguide element (51) is arranged to confine propagation of light laterally in said first plane by reflections, and the first plane and the second plane are arranged at an angle (a) with respect to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waveguide display element comprising a waveguide body and an in-coupling grating (21) arranged to the waveguide body. The in-coupling grating (21) is configured to couple incoming light into the waveguide body into two separate directions (26A, 26B) using opposite diffraction orders (IC:+1, IC:?1) for splitting the field of view of the incoming light. Further the in-coupling grating (21) is configured, typically by setting its period suitably short, such that said coupling takes place only at wavelengths below a threshold wavelength residing in the visible wavelength range. The invention also relates to a waveguide stack (51 A, 51 B, 51 C).

Abstract: There is provided an exit pupil expander (EPE) for use in a diffractive display, the EPE comprising a plurality of diffractive zones on a waveguide and a plurality of non-diffractive zones between at least some of the diffractive zones.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diffractive waveguide display device comprising an image projector capable of emitting laser rays at one or more wavelengths, a waveguide body having a first surface and an opposite second surface and adapted to guide said laser rays from the image projector between the first surface and the second surface, an out-coupling diffractive optical element on said first surface for coupling said laser rays out of the waveguide body, and an anti-interference coating (35) arranged on the second surface of the waveguide body aligned with the out-coupling diffractive optical element.

Abstract: A diffractive waveguide element for a personal display device includes a display waveguide extending in a waveguide plane, an in-coupling diffractive optical element arranged onto or into the display waveguide for diffractively coupling light rays into the display waveguide, and an out-coupling diffractive optical element arranged onto or into the display waveguide for coupling the diffractively coupled light rays out of the display waveguide. In addition, there is provided a ray multiplier element optically upstream of the out-coupling diffractive optical element, the ray multiplier element being capable of splitting a light ray incoming to the in-coupling grating into a plurality of parallel rays spatially displaced in the waveguide plane before they enter the out-coupling diffractive optical element. A waveguide display device is also provided.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for an optical waveguide for an augmented reality display device. According to an aspect, the optical waveguide comprises: a substrate arranged to guide an optical image inside the substrate from an inlet to an outlet of the optical waveguide via a plurality of reflections; a surface relief grating at the inlet or the outlet of the optical waveguide, the surface relief grating guiding the image in the optical waveguide via diffraction and comprising a plurality of grooves; a coating disposed on the surface relief grating and filling at least partially at least one groove disposed at an edge of the surface relief grating where the image is coincident with the at least one groove after a first reflection of the image inside the substrate, the coating having optical characteristics convergent with optical characteristics of the substrate.

Abstract: A lightguide of an augmented or virtual reality eyewear apparatus (10) comprises an additional grating (110) arranged between an in-coupling grating (102) and an out-coupling grating (104). The additional grating (110) comprises grating areas (112, 112?, 114, 114?), at least two of which have a common physical interface (116) and grating vectors of different directions. The grating vectors of the additional grating (110), the in-coupling grating (102) and the out-coupling grating (104) are linear combinations of two non-parallel and common base vectors, and a sum of the grating vectors of the in-coupling grating (102), the additional grating (110) and the out-coupling grating (104) is zero separately for each optical path, which guides light from the in-coupling grating (102) via the additional grating (110) to the out-coupling grating (104) and allows the light to be coupled out from the out-coupling grating (104).

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an Exit Pupil Expander, EPE, grating which is divided into at least two segments, wherein the EPE grating comprises multiple grating bars in a first segment and multiple grating bars in a second segment, said multiple grating bars of the first segment being directed about to a same direction as said multiple grating bars of the second segment and misaligned in a direction which is perpendicular to the direction of the grating bars.