Abstract: An antenna package according to an embodiment includes a plurality of antenna units including first antenna units and second antenna units, a circuit board electrically connected to the antenna units. The circuit board includes a core layer including a first surface and a second surface facing each other, a first circuit wiring disposed on the first surface of the core layer and electrically connected to the first antenna units, and a second circuit wiring distributed on the first and second surfaces of the core layer and electrically connected to the second antenna units. Antenna units of different resonance frequencies can be efficiently included in the package using the circuit wiring design.

Abstract: An antenna package according to an embodiment includes an antenna device comprising an antenna unit, and a connector electrically connected to the antenna unit. The connector includes an insulator having a dielectric constant from 2 to 3.5 and a loss tangent from 0.0015 to 0.007 measured by a resonance method at 10 GHz, and a conductive connection structure insulated by the insulator and electrically connected to the antenna unit.

Abstract: An antenna device according to an embodiment includes a dielectric layer including a high transmittance area and a low transmittance area, and an antenna unit disposed on the dielectric layer. The antenna unit includes a radiator disposed on the high transmittance area of the dielectric layer and having a mesh structure, a signal pad disposed on the low transmittance area of the dielectric layer and having a solid pattern structure, and an impedance matching pattern connecting the radiator and the signal pad on the low transmittance area of the dielectric layer. The impedance matching pattern has a larger width than that of the signal pad and has a solid pattern structure.

Abstract: An antenna laminate according to an embodiment may include a display panel which includes an electrode structure, a dielectric layer disposed on the display panel, an antenna conductive layer disposed on the dielectric layer, and a lower ground layer disposed on a lower side of the display panel and having a lower resistance than the display panel.

Abstract: A touch panel having a mesh-typed electrode layer includes a substrate layer and the mesh-typed electrode layer formed on the substrate layer, in which the mesh-typed electrode layer has a mesh pattern and a metal line between nodes is configured in a wave shape.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a silicon etchant composition comprising (A) an alkaline compound, (B) a metal salt, and (C) water, a pattern formation method and a manufacturing method of an array substrate using the silicon etchant composition, and an array substrate manufactured therefrom.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmittance variable optical laminate including: a first polarizing plate; a first transparent conductive layer formed on one surface of the first polarizing plate; a second polarizing plate opposite to the first polarizing plate; a second transparent conductive layer formed on one surface of the second polarizing plate and opposite to the first transparent conductive layer; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer and including ball spacers, wherein at least one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate includes a functional layer having a plurality of pattern portions satisfying Equation 1, and the ball spacers are incorporated into the pattern portions. Also disclosed are a method for manufacturing the optical laminate, a smart window including the optical laminate, and an automobile or a window for a building using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmittance variable optical laminate including: a first polarizing plate; a surface treatment layer formed on one surface of the first polarizing plate; a first transparent conductive layer formed on the other surface of the first polarizing plate; a second polarizing plate opposite to the first polarizing plate; a second transparent conductive layer formed on one surface of the second polarizing plate; a liquid crystal layer provided between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer; and a pressure sensitive adhesive layer provided on one surface of the second polarizing plate, wherein the thickness of the first polarizing plate is equal to or greater than the thickness of the second polarizing plate, and the optical laminate has a surface hardness of H or higher. Also disclosed are a smart window comprising the laminate, and an automobile or a window for a building using the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an optical laminate including: glass; a first hard coating layer formed on the glass; and a second hard coating layer formed on the first hard coating layer, wherein the first hard coating layer is formed of a first hard coating composition comprising an epoxy acrylic resin and an epoxy silane coupling agent, and the second hard coating layer is formed of a second hard coating composition comprising a light-transmitting resin, and an image display device including the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmittance variable optical laminate including: a light control laminate including an electric field-driven liquid crystal between polarizing plates; and a louver film disposed on at least a portion of the indoor-side surface of the light control laminate, wherein the louver film is composed of two or more laminated layers and includes light-blocking patterns, wherein the light-blocking patterns are disposed to face the indoor side. Also disclosed is a sunroof including the transmittance variable optical laminate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmittance variable optical laminate including: a light control laminate including an electric field-driven liquid crystal between polarizing plates; and a louver film disposed on at least a portion of the indoor-side surface of the light control laminate, wherein the louver film includes light-blocking patterns, wherein the light-blocking patterns are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to an adherend surface when viewed in a vertical cross-section. Also, disclosed is a sunroof including the transmittance variable optical laminate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmittance variable optical laminate including: a light control laminate including an electric field-driven liquid crystal between polarizing plates; and a louver film disposed on at least a portion of the indoor-side surface of the light control laminate, wherein the louver film includes light-blocking patterns, wherein the light-blocking patterns protrude toward the indoor side. Also disclosed is a sunroof comprising the transmittance variable optical laminate.

Abstract: An antenna device according to an embodiment includes a dielectric layer, a first radiator disposed on the dielectric layer in a first direction, a second radiator disposed on the dielectric layer in a second direction, a first transmission line which extends in the first direction to be connected to the first radiator, and a second transmission line which extends in the second direction to be connected to the second radiator, and intersects the first transmission line with being physically or electrically spaced apart therefrom.

Abstract: A polarizing plate and a display device including the same are provided. A polarizing plate includes a polarizer comprising an absorption axis and a transmission axis that intersect each other, a first retardation layer disposed on a surface of the polarizer, and a second retardation layer disposed on another surface opposite to the surface of the polarizer. An in-plane retardation value of the second retardation layer is greater than about 20 nm and less than about 100 nm. An angle between the absorption axis of the polarizer and a retardation axis of the second retardation layer is in a range of about 10° to about 45°.

Abstract: Provided are a polarizing plate for antireflection including a polarizer, and a protective layer formed on at least one surface of the polarizer, wherein the polarizing plate has a single transmittance of 44.6% or more and a degree of polarization of 98% or more and satisfies 0?[(orthogonal a*)2+(orthogonal b*)2]0.5?16, and a display device including the polarizing plate. The polarizing plate for antireflection can exhibit high transmittance while preventing blue-shift phenomenon and having neutral reflection color. Further, the polarizing plate for antireflection can be made thinner.

Abstract: The optical stack, a manufacturing method for the same, a smart window including the same, and vehicles or building windows using the same are proposed. The optical stack includes a first polarizing plate, a transparent substrate laminated on one surface of the first polarizing plate, a first transparent conductive layer formed on the transparent substrate, a second polarizing plate opposite to the first polarizing plate, a second transparent conductive layer formed on one surface of the second polarizing plate, and opposite to the first transparent conductive layer, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer. The second transparent conductive layer includes a conductive polymer, the liquid crystal layer includes a polymer network and a liquid crystal compound, and the liquid crystal compound is aligned with a uniform initial alignment.

Abstract: The optical stack, a manufacturing method for the same, a smart window including the same, and vehicles or building windows using the same are proposed. The optical stack includes a first polarizing plate, a transparent substrate laminated on one surface of the first polarizing plate, a first transparent conductive layer formed on the transparent substrate, an alignment film formed on the first transparent conductive layer, a second polarizing plate opposite to the first polarizing plate, a second transparent conductive layer formed on one surface of the second polarizing plate, and opposite to the first transparent conductive layer, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the alignment film and the second transparent conductive layer. The second transparent conductive layer includes a conductive polymer, the liquid crystal layer includes a polymer network and a liquid crystal compound, and the liquid crystal compound is aligned with a uniform initial alignment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a variable transmittance optical laminate and a manufacturing method therefor, a smart window comprising same, and vehicle and building windows and doors to which same is applied, the variable transmittance optical laminate comprising: a first polarizing plate; a first transparent conductive layer formed on the inner surface of the first polarizing plate; a second polarizing plate facing the first polarizing plate; a second transparent conductive layer which is formed on the inner surface of the second polarizing plate and which faces the first transparent conductive layer; a liquid crystal layer provided between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer; and an alignment film formed on the inner surface of the transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: A variable transmittance optical stack and a method for manufacturing the same, and a smart window including the same are proposed. The variable transmittance optical stack includes a light control panel, an in-plane vibration unit, and a noise control unit. The noise control unit includes a noise receiving part, a noise analyzing part, and a frequency transmitting part.

Abstract: Etching compositions are provided. The etching compositions can be used for etching cobalt. The etching compositions may include a chelator, water, an oxidizer, and an organic solvent, and the chelator may include an organic acid, an amine compound and/or a polyhydric alcohol. Water may be present in an amount of 1 wt % to 10 wt % based on a total weight of the etching composition.