Abstract: The invention relates to a process and composition-of-matter for the preparation of dimeric and polymeric alkylphenol polysulfides based on paracumyl phenol for use in vulcanizable rubbers in which the additive is a dimeric or polymeric alkylphenol polysulfide non-nitrosamine-releasing additive based on paracumyl phenol.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for making nitro compounds derived from C2-C30 unsaturated fatty acids; C2-C30 unsaturated fatty oils; esters derived from the reaction of C1-C20 alcohols with unsaturated C2-C30 fatty acids; C2-C20 polyolefins; C4-C20 polydiolefins; C8-C20 copolymers derived from polyolefins and vinyl aromatics; and C4-C30 alkylated phenols using nitric acid or gaseous nitrogen dioxide. This class of extreme-pressure additives was found extremely effective in processing steel, stainless steel and special titanium and nickel or low-iron alloys.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and composition-of-matter for the preparation of dimeric and polymeric alkylphenol polysulfides based on paracumyl phenol for use in vulcanizable rubbers in which the additive is a dimeric or polymeric alkylphenol polysulfide non-nitrosamine-releasing additive based on paracumyl phenol.

Abstract: A solid phosphite composite, having at least a portion in amorphous form, which includes at least one, preferably two or more phosphite antioxidants or alternatively at least one phosphite and at least one other polymer additive. The phosphites, at least one of which can initially be a liquid, are generally uniformly distributed since they are melt blended. A desired class of phosphites are the bis(arylalkylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphites, at least a portion of which is in amorphous form.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for making metallic esters in which an acidic molten organic moiety is continuously mixed with a solid metallic salt. The continuous slurry stream is preheated to a temperature just below fusion initiation followed by entry into a continuous high shear reactor where a micro-emulsion of the reactants is produced in a high energy, dispersing environment.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of pentaerythritol diphosphites of high spiro isomer content. The pentaerythritol diphosphites are produced via sequential transesterification of pentaerythritol with a monophosphite followed by a substituted phenol or other alcohol, wherein the transesterification reactions are carried out under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure. The unique reaction conditions result in intermediate and final pentaerythritol diphosphites of high spiro isomer content and high total yield of the diphosphites.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid polymer additive composition comprising at least one phosphite ester selected from the group consisting of aryl phosphites, alkyl phosphites, aryl/alkyl phosphites, bisphenol-A phosphites, dialkylene glycol phosphites and polydialkylene glycol phosphites, pentaerythritol phosphites, p-cumyl phenol phosphites and blends thereof and approximately from 50 to 800 ppm inclusive of zinc per 100 parts resin. The stabilizer is used as either a complete or a partial replacement of toxic-metal containing antioxidant stabilizer additives.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid polymer additive compositions comprising blends of phosphite esters selected from the group consisting of aryl phosphites, alkyl phosphites, aryl/alkyl phosphites, bisphenol-A phosphites, dialkylene glycol phosphites and polydialkylene glycol phosphites, pentaerythritol phosphites, p-cumyl phenol phosphites with from 50 to 800 ppm inclusive of zinc per 100 parts resin. The stabilizer is used as either a complete or a partial replacement of toxic-metal containing antioxidant stabilizer additives.

Abstract: Various phenol-free phosphites for use in PVC as an alternative to the conventional phenol-containing products phenyl diisodecyl phosphite and diphenyl isodecyl phosphite were tested. These phosphites utilize para-cumyl phenol-based derivatives in order to provide a phenol free derivative of the above mentioned conventional phosphites.

Abstract: Liquid organic phosphites of low volatility, based on pentaerythritol, alkyl alcohols and alkyl phenols, which are essentially phenol-free are disclosed. These phosphites are excellent stabilizers for polymers, especially PVC resins. The phenol-free phosphite stabilizers are compatible with mixed metal stabilizers and give excellent color and processing stability.

Abstract: This invention discloses synergistic blends of phosphates and lactones having a base structure of 3-phenylbenzofuran-2-one with or without other additives as stabilizers for polymers, particularly during melt processing as evidenced by changes in melt flow and in some instances, resistance to yellowing.

Abstract: The chlorination of paraffins is carried out in the presence of water and in the absence of an organic solvent. In this way, it is possible to prepare highly chlorinated paraffins in a simple manner. The presence of hydrochloric acid even at high temperatures, has no deleterious effect on the quality of the product. The separation of the chloroparaffin from the hydrochloric acid is very good. An emulsion layer which hinders the transport of the chloroparaffin into downstream equipment does not occur.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite is described which includes the steps of combining at least a 4 weight percent excess of nonylphenol (preferably 8 weight percent excess) with PCl.sub.3 with agitation and heating sufficient to liberate HCl formed during the synthetic reaction as a by-product and removing the excess nonylphenol from the tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite by thin film distillation to reduce the residual chloride level to 90 ppm or less, an acid number of 0.1 or less and a nonylphenol content after stripping of 0.1 weight percent or less. The temperature of the reaction was from room temperature to 130.degree. C., and the temperature of the evaporator which removes the excess nonylphenol is from 100.degree. C. to 350.degree. C., preferably from 150.degree. C. to 250.degree. C., under a system vacuum of from 0.01 mm Hg to 5 mm Hg.

Abstract: A process for the chlorination of a paraffin wax is described which includes the steps of contacting the paraffin wax or partially chlorinated paraffin wax with chlorine wherein the improvement is the use of a non-ozone depleting aromatic solvent with a boiling point less than 180.degree. C., preferably less than 160.degree. C. and which is non-reactive to chlorine in a free radical chlorination environment, in contrast to typical C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 aliphatic solvents.