Abstract: An aspect ratio flow metering device may comprise a concentrate inlet portion, one or more restricted flow portions of tubing fluidly connected to the concentrate inlet portion, and a metered concentrate outlet portion fluidly connected to the one or more restricted flow portion of tubing. The narrowest part of the one or more restricted flow portions of tubing may each have a length (RL): inner diameter (RID) ratio of at least 10:1. The metered concentrate outlet portion may have an inner diameter (OID) greater than RID. The concentrate inlet portion may have an inner diameter (IID) greater than RID. The aspect ratio flow metering device may be structurally configured to limit flow of a concentrate into a hydrodynamic mixing apparatus. Also disclosed are methods for using the aspect ratio flow metering device to mix fluids.

Abstract: Methods are provided for improving the papermaking process. In various embodiments, the methods include the application of alkali material in combination with an anionic polymeric dispersant and/or a hydroxyfunctional carboxylic acid to papermaking fabrics such that the application thereof removes contaminants from the papermaking fabrics and improves the drainage of said papermaking fabrics. Such alkali material in combination with an anionic polymeric dispersant and/or a hydroxyfunctional carboxylic acid can be applied as a single aqueous solution, and may further comprise a surfactant.

Abstract: A chemical component mixing apparatus for use with a fluid source in creation of a concentrated solution mixture is described. The mixing apparatus includes at least one mixing station. The mixing station includes an injector assembly, where the injector assembly includes at least one venturi chamber having at least one suction port in fluid communication with the at least one venturi chamber. The apparatus also includes at least one super concentrate chemical component housed within a chemical container, where the chemical container is fluidly connected by a first tube to the at least one venturi chamber via the at least one suction port, a receiving container fluidly connected to the injector assembly via a second tube, and a fluid source inlet introducing a fluid into the at least one mixing station, where the pressure within the at least one mixing station is less than 150 psi.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to methods for inhibiting contaminants formation during papermaking operation. The method includes preparing an aqueous solution having a pH greater than 7.0 and comprising peroxide; and applying the aqueous solution onto or within one or more of forming wires, press felts and woven through air drying (TAD) belts prior to contacting and transporting a wet paper web to inhibit the formation of wet paper web contaminants onto the surfaces of or within the forming wires, press felts and woven TAD belts.

Abstract: A method of controlling deposits on papermaking surfaces or fabrics on paper machines includes applying a deposition control solution to the papermaking surfaces or fabrics to inhibit deposition of organic contaminants therein. The deposition control solution comprises at least one cationic polymer, at least one at least one phthalate/glycol or polyethylene terephthalate/polyoxyethylene terephthalate (PET:POET) or polyalkylene terephthalate/polyoxyethylene terephthalate (PAT:POET) based copolymer, and at least one non-ionic surfactant in combination to provide improved deposition control.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods of wastewater treatment that rely primarily on the use of water treatment chemicals to clean wastewater without the need to use filtration mechanisms. The present invention generally provides a system that is less complex and less expensive to operate than wastewater treatment systems in the prior art.

Abstract: Embodiments of cleaning compositions for removing polymeric soils comprise at least one surfactant, at least one amine, and a solvent blend comprising at least one aromatic alcohol, at least one dibasic ester, and at least one terpene solvent.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods of removing polymeric soils from papermaking machine surfaces including developing a solvent blend that is a solubility match for the polymeric soils as defined by a Hansen Solubility factor less than 4 for all polymeric soils, producing an aqueous cleanser comprising the solvent blend, and applying the aqueous cleanser to papermaking surfaces such that the aqueous cleanser solubilizes and removes the polymeric soils from papermaking surfaces. The solvent blend comprises at least one aromatic alcohol, at least one dibasic ester, and at least one terpene solvent.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of pretreating a metal substrate prior to painting comprise applying a first coating solution onto the metal substrate wherein the first coating solution comprises polyaniline particles at a pH less than 7 to yield a first coating on the metal substrate, rinsing the metal substrate to remove unreacted polyaniline particles, and applying a second coating solution post-rinse which comprises at least one acid and a silane composition at a pH less than 7 to yield a second coating on the metal substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods of wastewater treatment that rely primarily on the use of water treatment chemicals to clean wastewater without the need to use filtration mechanisms. The present invention generally provides a system that is less complex and less expensive to operate than wastewater treatment systems in the prior art.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of producing an aqueous powder composition for treating water comprise mixing sodium metabisulfite powder with amines, wherein the amines comprises liquid cyclohexylamine, and adding water to the mixture of sodium metabisulfite powder and liquid cyclohexylamine to catalyze the production of the aqueous powder composition.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of pretreating a metal substrate prior to painting comprise applying a first coating solution onto the metal substrate wherein the first coating solution comprises polyaniline particles at a pH less than 7 to yield a first coating on the metal substrate, rinsing the metal substrate to remove unreacted polyaniline particles, and applying a second coating solution post-rinse which comprises at least one acid and a silane composition at a pH less than 7 to yield a second coating on the metal substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of producing an aqueous powder composition for treating water comprise mixing sodium metabisulfite powder with amines, wherein the amines comprises liquid cyclohexylamine, and adding water to the mixture of sodium metabisulfite powder and liquid cyclohexylamine to catalyze the production of the aqueous powder composition.

Abstract: Embodiments of cleaning compositions for removing polymeric soils comprise at least one surfactant, at least one amine, and a solvent blend comprising at least one aromatic alcohol, at least one dibasic ester, and at least one terpene solvent.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for cleaning papermaking felt by applying a low concentration of a cleaning solution through the oscillating needle nozzles. The detergent is applied intermittently while paper is being manufactured. Each cleaning period lasts for at least the length of time required for the nozzles to cover the entire surface of the felt, and preferably twice that period of time. The application of cleaning solution is then discontinued for a period of time. This cycle is repeated continuously as the paper is being manufactured. The apparatus includes a first cleaning chemical reservoir, a second cleaning chemical reservoir, a high pressure pump coupled to the first and second reservoirs, and a control unit having programming for selectively injecting the chemicals.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for cleaning papermaking felt by applying a low concentration of a cleaning solution through the oscillating needle nozzles. The detergent is applied intermittently while paper is being manufactured. Each cleaning period lasts for at least the length of time required for the nozzles to cover the entire surface of the felt, and preferably twice that period of time. The application of cleaning solution is then discontinued for a period of time. This cycle is repeated continuously as the paper is being manufactured. The apparatus includes a first cleaning chemical reservoir, a second cleaning chemical reservoir, a high pressure pump coupled to the first and second reservoirs, and a control unit having programming for selectively injecting the chemicals.

Abstract: An aqueous metal treatment composition designed to improve adhesion and corrosion resistance of the metal surface includes an organofunctional silane in combination with a fluorozirconic or fluorotitanic acid, methanesulfonic acid and nitric acid. The methanesulfonic acid acts to reduce sludge formation. Preferably, the composition also includes a fluorosilicic acid which likewise reduces sludge and improves corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A method of cleaning papermaking felt by applying a low concentration of a cleaning solution through the oscillating needle nozzles. The detergent is applied intermittently while paper is being manufactured. Each cleaning period lasts for at least the length of time required for the nozzles to cover the entire surface of the felt, and preferably twice that period of time. The application of cleaning solution is then discontinued for a period of time, generally equal to the time the cleaning detergent is applied to the felt. This cycle is repeated continuously as the paper is being manufactured. The chemistry of the cleaning solution can be changed, for example, from acidic to basic, alternately, to enhance cleaning performance.

Abstract: A method of forming a paste detergent composition includes forming two separate aqueous solutions. The first aqueous solution includes an effective concentration, generally 1 to 70% of potassium tripolyphosphate. The second solution is an aqueous solution of a water soluble sodium based detergent builder preferably sodium hydroxide. These are combined and due to the effective concentrations of the potassium tripolyphosphate and the water soluble detergent builder, the viscosity of the formed detergent substantially increases relative to either of the viscosities of the first or second aqueous solutions. This provides a unique method of forming paste detergent compositions particularly for use in warewashing machines.

Abstract: A high caustic paste dishwashing detergent is formulated to avoid reversion of the polyphosphates. The composition which includes at least about 35% sodium hydroxide (solids) is formulated with up to 30% of a phosphate sequestering system. The phosphate sequestering system includes preferably equal proportions of tetra alkali metal pyrophosphate and alkali metal tripolyphosphate. The high percentage of pyrophosphate is added to further stabilize the phosphate system. The detergent composition also includes a low molecular weight polyacrylic acid, a phosphono alkyl tricarboxylic acid, colloidal silica and a gluconate and optionally a chlorine source and defoamer. Preferably the composition includes at least about 40% sodium hydroxide, 10% tetra sodium pyrophosphate and 10% sodium tripolyphosphate with the remainder formed from the polyacrylate, phosphono butane tricarboxylic acid, sodium gluconate, colloidal silica, Chloramine T and water.