Abstract: A solid or quasisolid state hole transport material (HTM) includes the following complex: in which M is copper (Cu), palladium (Pd), gold (Au), silver (Ag), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V) cobalt (Co); and each structure represents an at least 6,6? disubstituted 2,2?-bipyridine, or an at least 2,9 disubstituted 1,10-phenanthroline Electronic devices, such as solar cells can include the solid or quasisolid state HTM, in which the complex is the main hole conducting compound of the HTM.

Abstract: A sealed monolithic electrochemical system is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, the sealed monolithic electrochemical system includes an electrically insulating substrate; an electrically conducting pattern arranged to support a plurality of blocks of porous structures arranged on the substrate, wherein each porous structure includes a working electrode, an insulating layer and a counter electrode, and wherein an electrolyte is at least partially filled in the blocks of porous structures for forming a plurality of electrochemical cells; and an encapsulation covering the plurality of blocks of porous structures. In at least one embodiment, each block includes at least one porous structure, where the blocks may be individually disconnected and a method individually disconnecting such a system.

Abstract: Cobalt polypyridine complexes are interesting alternative redox mediators for large scale manufacturing of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) since they are less aggressive towards metal contacts and absorb less light than iodide/triiodide. Here we have examined the effect of steric properties of triphenylamine-based organic sensitizers and cobalt polypyridine redox mediators on the electron lifetime and overall device performance in DSCs. Matching the steric bulk of the dye and redox mediator was found to minimize recombination and mass transport problems in DSCs employing cobalt redox mediators. Recombination was efficiently slowed down by introducing insulating butoxyl chains on the dye, allowing the use of a cobalt redox mediator with a less steric bulk. The best efficiency of DSCs sensitized with a triphenylamine-based organic dye in combination with cobalt(II/III) tris(2,2?-bipyridyl) match the highest efficiencies obtained so far with iodide-free electrolytes, reaching a 6.

Abstract: A sealed monolithic photo-electrochemical system including an electrically insulating substrate, an electrically conducting pattern having carrier areas arranged to support working electrodes, contact portions connected to counter electrodes, a first set of contact paths connecting the carrier areas with a first terminal, and a second set of contact paths connecting the contact portions with a second terminal. The system further includes an array of porous structures arranged on the substrate, where each porous structure includes a working electrode, an insulating layer and a counter electrode, an electrolyte at least partially filled in the porous structures for forming a plurality of electrochemical cells and an encapsulation covering the array of porous structures, and a method for manufacturing a sealed monolithic electrochemical system.

Abstract: A sealed monolithic photo-electrochemical system (1) comprising an electrically insulating substrate (2), an electrically conducting pattern (3) including carrier areas (4) arranged to support working electrodes (12), contact portions (10) connected to counter electrodes (14), a first set of contact paths (5) connecting said carrier areas (4) with a first terminal (6), and a second set of contact paths (7) connecting said contact portions (10) with a second terminal (8), the system furthermore comprises an array of porous structures (111-112n) arranged on said substrate (2), where each porous structure (11) comprises a working electrode (12), an insulating layer (13) and a counter electrode (14), an electrolyte at least partially filled in said porous structures (111-112n) for forming a plurality of electrochemical cells and an encapsulation covering said array of porous structures (111-112n) and a method for manufacturing a sealed monolithic electrochemical system.