Abstract: An exhaust pathway for an internal combustion engine passes from a larger pipe to a smaller pipe, and then back to a larger pipe. The smaller pipe has a bend of at least approximately 80°, and each of the smaller and downstream larger pipes is disposed within, and spaced apart from, portions of a shell, such that cooling air passes in an air gap between the pipes and the shell.

Abstract: A rib forming apparatus has an elongated support table, a supply of thermoplastic sheet material over the table, a transporting means having at least two transverse carriages mounted on the table to slide along longitudinal edges thereof, a thermal means mounted on one of the carriages for locally heating the sheet material in preparation of a molding press, and at least one press module mounted on another carriage and having a reciprocating press blade positioned at one flat side of the sheet material and a couple of swiveling press blades positioned at the opposite flat side of the sheet material and movable toward the reciprocating press blade to mold the heated section of the sheet material by closing the above three press blades toward each other, whereby a series of vertical rib folds are formed transversely of the sheet material and advanced by the transport means through the closed press blades.

Abstract: A power starting dock for gyroscope is comprised of an outer housing that has a bottom and a concave head. The head is slanted at an angle relative to the housing, and engages a gyroscope rotor, an electric power source on the housing, a spring-mounted motor on the housing connected to the power source for producing a rotational power in response to a switching force, and a power rotor fastened to the motor and protruding into the concave head of the housing. The power rotor serves to resiliently transmit rotational motor power to the gyroscope rotor.

Abstract: A device for treating fluids passing therethrough with a pulsed DC magnetic field includes a cylindrical conduit of nonmagnetic material in which there is captively held a plurality of adjacently contacting solid ferromagnetic but unmagnetized spheres. At opposite ends and surrounding the cylindrical conduit is a pair of annular pole pieces made of a ferromagnetic material between which there is circumferentially wound an activating coil supplied with pulsed DC from a power supply. The interrupted DC field provides, in connection with the pole piece and spheres, a tortuous path through the treating device where the magnetic field is concentrated at the nodes defined by the pole pieces and the spheres through which the magnetic flux path is completed from pole piece to pole piece. In the preferred embodiment the device is employed for the magnetic treatment of water passing through the cylindrical conduit.