Abstract: Ethylsulfonate-alkylamine copolymers are disclosed. These copolymers find special application as intermediates in the preparation of new water-soluble polymeric colorants which are also disclosed, especially water-soluble polymeric colorants for edibles.

Abstract: The ultrafiltration purification of aqueous solutions of polymeric anthraquinone colorants, wherein low molecular weight impurities are removed in an ultrafiltrate leaving a purified anthraquinone colorant-bearing retentate, is carried out with improved efficiency when pyridine is present and maintained in the aqueous solutions at a level of from 1 to 20% by volume.

Abstract: N-substituted maleimide polymers comprising the recurring structural units: ##STR1## wherein R and R' independently are lower alkyl groups of from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and n is an integer of from about 2 to about 2,000, are disclosed. Their preparation as well as the preparation of their monomer precursors and the preferred use of the polymers as antioxidants, particularly nonabsorbable food antioxidants, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Dihydrochalcones of the formula ##STR1## derivatizing group, Y is a polar group, X is hydrogen or hydroxyl and R is a lower alkyl, their preparation and their use as non-sugar sweeteners are disclosed.

Abstract: Insoluble polymeric organotin hydrides of the formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN P represents an organic polymer backbone; R and R.sub.1 each represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkaryl or aralkyl group of from 7 to 10 carbon atoms; and n is a positive number greater than 1 are disclosed. Such polymeric organotin hydrides are useful as reagents for reducing organic compounds such as organic halides, ketones, and aldehydes without the difficult problem of removing dissolved or dispersed tin impurities from the reduced compounds.

Abstract: Polymeric hydroquinones of the structure ##STR1## , wherein n is from 3 to 10,000 inclusive and R and R' independently are hydrogen or a lower alkyl, are disclosed, as is the preparation and the use of such materials, especially as nonabsorbable polymeric antioxidants for edible materials.

Abstract: Polymeric colorants comprising a hydrocarbon backbone and attached directly thereto through amine linkages, at least one water-solubilizing group and at least one optically chromophoric group are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the backbone is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, the chromophore is an anthraquinone chromophore and the solubilizing group is a sulfonate or sulfamate residue.

Abstract: Complexes of boron trihydride with solid particulate insoluble cross-linked thiohydrocarbon polymers are used in organic reduction reactions.

Abstract: Polymeric phenols of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN N IS AN INTEGER FROM 3 TO 2,000, R.sub.1 is a lower alkyl and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, are disclosed. Their preparation and preferred use as antioxidants, especially nonabsorbable food antioxidants, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Flavanones represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl of from one to three carbon atoms inclusive, n is an integer of from one to three inclusive and M is hydrogen or a physiologically acceptable metal cation, are disclosed. These materials are themselves useful as dietetic sweeteners as well as being direct intermediates for the preparation of useful dihydrochalcone sweeteners.

Abstract: Poly(vinylamine) salts of mineral acids are produced by reacting acetaldehyde and acetamide at a mole ratio of 1:2-4 with acid catalyst, cracking the ethylidene-bis-acetamide which results into vinylacetamide, polymerizing the vinylacetamide with a free radical polymerization catalyst, and hydrolyzing the poly(vinylacetamide) to the desired amine salts by contacting the polyvinylacetamide with an aqueous solution of the corresponding mineral acid. This product may be converted to the free amine, which in turn may function as a precursor in the manufacture of certain polymeric dyes and colorants.

Abstract: Edible materials including foods, beverages and oral pharmaceuticals are sweetened by the addition of a sweetening amount in the range of from about 0.002% to 1% by weight (basis edible material) of flavanone represented by the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl of from one to three carbon atoms inclusive, n is an integer of from one to three inclusive and M is hydrogen or a physiologically acceptable metal cation.

Abstract: Organic liquids subject to oxidative decomposition, such as ethers, are stabilized against such decomposition by the addition of particulate, insoluble solid polymer resin to which is covalently bonded a plurality of oxidation active groups.

Abstract: Nonnutritive flavor imparting compounds of the general formula (F--Z).sub.n C wherein F is an active flavor imparting agent, C is a controlling agent for transporting and essentially restricting absorption of the compound (F--Z).sub.n C in a biological environment, Z is a covalent bond for bonding F to C and n is at least one. The nonnutritive flavor imparting compounds are useful for imparting flavor and taste to foods, beverages, confections and medicinals without any substantial absorption of the flavor imparting compounds in the environment of use.

Abstract: Phenolic polymers formed by the reaction of divinylbenzene with a mixture of hydroxyanisole, tertiary butylhydroquinone, tertiary butyl phenol and bisphenol A (and optionally para-cresol) under condensation conditions in the presence of a phenol ortho alkylation catalyst are disclosed. These materials find use as oil-soluble antioxidants especially for edibles.

Abstract: Hydroquinonoid polymers having n recurring units of the General Structural Formula ##STR1## wherein n is 3 or greater, X and X' independently are hydrogen or methyl, R is a lower hydrocarbon, and R' and R" independently are lower hydrocarbons or hydrogens are disclosed as well as such polymers additionally containing phenolic copolymerizates. The preparation of these polymers by the one step copolymerization of a diolefinic hydrocarbon, a hydroquinonoid and optionally a phenolic, in the presence of an ortho-alkylation catalyst, and the use of these polymers as antioxidants, especially for foodstuffs, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Phenolic polymers having 3 to 1000 repeating units of the general structural formula ##STR1## wherein X and X.sup.1 independently are hydrogens or methyls, R is a lower alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl of from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyls of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aralkyls of from 8 to 14 carbons, or alkoxys or aralkyloxys of from 1 to about 14 carbons, are prepared in one step by contacting an R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 -containing phenol having two hydrogens ortho to the hydroxyl group with a low purity diolefinic hydrocarbon under ortho-alkylation conditions in the presence of an effective amount of an ortho-alkylation catalyst. These materials find use as antioxidants, especially for edibles, where their polymeric nature offers advantages.

Abstract: Polystyrene is halomethylated by contact with a solution of halomethoxybutane in a reaction medium (preferably halohydrocarbon) in the presence of a transition metal halide catalyst at a temperature of from about 5.degree. C to about 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel, nonabsorbable antioxidants of the general formula (An).sub.n R wherein An is a means for preventing oxidation of an oxidizable material, R is a means for essentially restricting the absorption of An in a biological environment, .about. is a means for covalently bonding An to R for a prolonged time, and n is at least one. The nonabsorbable antioxidants are useful as stabilizers in oxidizable materials without any substantial absorption of the antioxidant in the biological environment.

Abstract: Dihydrochalcones of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein D is a derivatizing group, Y is a polar group, X is hydrogen or hydroxyl and R is a lower alkyl, their preparation and their use as non-sugar sweeteners are disclosed.