Abstract: Methods for driving an electro-optic display having a plurality of display pixels and each of the plurality of display pixels is associated with a display transistor, the method includes applying a first voltage to a transistor associated with a display pixel for a first duration of time to drain remnant voltages from the display pixel, applying a second voltage to the transistor for a second duration of time to stop the draining of remnant voltages from the display pixel, and applying a third voltage to the transistor for a third duration of time to drain remnant voltages from the display pixel.

Abstract: A polysiloxane-substituted quinacridone pigment is produced by a quinacridone pigment with an epoxy-terminated polysiloxane under conditions effective to cause the epoxy group on the polysiloxane to react with, and bond the polysiloxane to, the quinacridone pigment. The quinacridone pigment thus produced has the polysiloxane grouping bonded to one of the quinacridone nitrogen atoms via a hydrocarbon linking group, which bears a hydroxyl group on a carbon atom ? or ? to the quinacridone nitrogen atom. These quinacridone pigments are useful in electrophoretic displays.

Abstract: A dielectrophoretic display is shifted from a low frequency closed state to a high frequency open state via at least one, and preferably several, intermediate frequency states; the use of such multiple frequency steps reduces flicker during the transition. A second type of dielectrophoretic display has a light-transmissive electrode through which the dielectrophoretic medium can be viewed and a conductor connected to the light-transmissive electrode at several points to reduce voltage variations within the light-transmissive electrode.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for pressure-sensitive, electrophoretic displays, which may optionally include haptic feedback. A display may comprise a first conductive layer having a pressure-sensitive conductivity and an electrophoretic layer positioned adjacent to the first conductive layer, wherein the electrophoretic layer is in electrical communication with the first conductive layer and is configured to locally change state based on a pressure applied to the first conductive layer. Local and global writing and erasing of the display can also be achieved.

Abstract: Methods for driving electro-optic displays, especially bistable displays, include (a) using two-part waveforms, the first part of which is dependent only upon the initial state of the relevant pixel; (b) measuring the response of each individual pixel and storing for each pixel data indicating which of a set of standard drive schemes are to be used for that pixel; (c) for at least one transition in a drive scheme, applying multiple different waveforms to pixels on a random basis; and (d) when updating a limited area of the display, driving “extra” pixels in an edge elimination region to avoid edge effects.

Abstract: A switchable light modulator device (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) comprises a first substrate (101, 102, 103) and a second substrate (141, 142, 143, 144) with opposite major surfaces spaced apart by one or more polymer structures that each comprise two or more parts and define wall features (21b, 22b, 23b) for a plurality of cavities (111, 112, 113, 114), the cavities sealing a fluid (71, 72, 73, 74) or gel in discrete volumes. Each of the one or more polymer structures comprises a mould part (21, 22, 23) bonded to the first substrate and defining a recess (31, 32, 33), and a cast part (81, 82, 83, 84) filling the recess and bonded to the second substrate and a surface of the recess, the cast part being defined by the surface of the recess and the second substrate replicating the surfaces of both.

Abstract: A composite particle is provided that comprises a base particle comprising at least a pigment or dye and cross-linked polyurea, a plurality of hydrophilic oligomeric groups, and a plurality of amine groups on the exterior portion of the base particle, and a steric stabilization polymer which is chemically bonded or physi-sorbed on the surface of the base particle. The cross-linked polyurea may form a network throughout the base particle. A method of making the composite particle includes providing either a solution containing a dye or a dispersion containing a pigment in a water-dispersible polyfunctional isocyanate dissolved in a water-miscible solvent, forming an emulsion of the solution/dispersion in water, agitating the emulsion while the polyfunctional isocyanate is converted into a cross-linked polyurea, and separating the composite particle containing the cross-linked polyurea and the dye/pigment from the emulsion.

Abstract: A magneto-electrophoretic medium that can be globally and locally addressed and erased. The medium provides a writeable display with no perceivable lag and the ability to write and erase with only minimal power requirements. In particular, the magneto-electrophoretic medium can be erased by providing a subthreshold electric stimulus and supplementing a second non-electric stimulus that disturbs the written state and allows the magneto-electrophoretic particles to return to their original state.

Abstract: A first substrate includes: a first base material including an insulating layer; and a partition wall disposed on the insulating layer. The insulating layer and the partition wall are formed of a resin material. The partition wall has a higher hardness than the insulating layer. A protective film that protects the insulating layer is disposed on a surface of the insulating layer. A portion of the protective film is located between the partition wall and the insulating layer.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display comprising a fluid including a first species of particles and a charge control agent disposed between first and second electrodes. When a first addressing impulse have an electrical polarity is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in one direction relative to the electric field, but when a second addressing impulse, larger than the first addressing impulse but having the same electrical polarity, is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field.

Abstract: There are provided display controllers and driving methods related to those described in US Published Patent Application No. 2013/0194250.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrophoretic display medium. The display medium can include a substrate, an electrophoretic layer, and a network electrode. The electrophoretic layer is disposed adjacent the top surface of the substrate. The electrophoretic layer includes a plurality of microcapsules containing an internal phase in a binder. A bottom portion of the plurality of microcapsules is embedded within the binder and a top portion of the microcapsules is emergent from the binder, thereby creating a network of valleys. The network electrode occupies at least a portion of the network of valleys.

Abstract: An electrophoretic device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, and between the electrodes an electrophoretic cell containing an electrophoretic ink and one or more non-planar solid polymer elements. The ink includes charged particles of at least one type suspended in a suspending fluid, and, 75% or more by mass of the suspending fluid is an organosilicone or an aliphatic hydrocarbon and the solid polymer is a fluorinated elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: A method of driving a variable transmission film is provided and a variable transmission device including the film and a controller configured to drive the film. The film may include a layer of electrophoretic material and at least one electrode, the electrophoretic material including a fluid containing a plurality of charged particles capable of moving through the fluid upon application of an electric field by the at least one electrode. The method may include applying a first voltage waveform to the film at an initial optical state and applying a second voltage waveform having a lower frequency and shorter pulse duration than the first voltage waveform to switch the film to a final optical state, wherein the film has a higher percent transmission at the initial optical state than the final optical state.

Abstract: An electro-optic display having a plurality of pixels is driven from a first image to a second image using a first drive scheme, and then from the second image to a third image using a second drive scheme different from the first drive scheme and having at least one impulse differential gray level having an impulse potential different from the corresponding gray level in the first drive scheme. Each pixel which is in an impulse differential gray level in the second image is driven from the second image to the third image using a modified version of the second drive scheme which reduces its impulse differential The subsequent transition from the third image to a fourth image is also conducted using the modified second drive scheme but after a limited number of transitions using the modified second drive scheme, all subsequent transitions are conducted using the unmodified second drive scheme.

Abstract: A variety of methods for driving electro-optic displays so as to reduce visible artifacts are described. Such methods include (a) applying a first drive scheme to a non-zero minor proportion of the pixels of the display and a second drive scheme to the remaining pixels, the pixels using the first drive scheme being changed at each transition; (b) using two different drive schemes on different groups of pixels so that pixels in differing groups undergoing the same transition will not experience the same waveform; (c) applying either a balanced pulse pair or a top-off pulse to a pixel undergoing a white-to-white transition and lying adjacent a pixel undergoing a visible transition; (d) driving extra pixels where the boundary between a driven and undriven area would otherwise fall along a straight line; and (e) driving a display with both DC balanced and DC imbalanced drive schemes, maintaining an impulse bank value for the DC imbalance and modifying transitions to reduce the impulse bank value.

Abstract: An electro-optic display is provided that may include a layer of light-transmissive conductive material, a substrate, a layer of an electro-optic medium disposed between the layer of conductive material and the substrate, a color filter array, and a light emitting layer. The electro-optic medium may include a photo-luminescent material that functions as either a down-converter or an up-converter that may be excited by the light received from the light emitting layer. The photo-luminescent material may be excited by radiation having a first wavelength transmitted by a filter within the color filter array and emit radiation having a second wavelength transmitted by the filter. The photo-luminescent material may also be excited by radiation at a wavelength within a first and second range of wavelengths transmitted by two filters within the color filter array and emit radiation at a wavelength within one of the first and second ranges.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving an electro-optic display may comprise spaced first and second device layers, and a first and second rows of display pixels, each row may include a plurality of display pixels, each display pixel having a pixel electrode positioned on the first device layer for driving the display pixel, a conduction line positioned on the second device layer and overlapping with a portion of the plurality of display pixels' pixel electrodes, and at least one conductive path connecting the conduction line of the first row to a conduction line of the second row of display pixels.

Abstract: A connector for an electro-optic display comprising: a non-conductive sheet having a top surface and a bottom surface; a first layer of conductive material applied to at least a portion of the bottom surface; a second layer of conductive material applied to a first portion of the top surface; a third layer of conductive material applied to a second portion of the top surface, the third layer of conductive material being electrically isolated from the second layer of conductive material; and a conductive via electrically connecting the first layer of conductive material and the second layer of conductive material.

Abstract: An electro-optic display having a plurality of display pixels, each of the plurality of display pixels comprising: a pixel electrode for driving the display pixel; a thin film transistor (TFT) coupled to the pixel electrode for transmitting waveforms to the pixel electrode; a resistor coupled to the pixel electrode for discharging remnant charges from the display subsequent to the TFT being de-activated; and a storage capacitor coupled to the pixel electrode and placed in parallel with the resistor. A time constant of a circuit comprising the pixel electrode, the resistor, and the storage capacitor is larger than a driving frame time of the electro-optic display.