Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) circulator comprising a dielectric element and a ferrite element. The dielectric element has a dielectric constant that is correlated to the dielectric constant of the ferrite element, and both the dielectric element and the ferrite elements each have at least a partial conductive coating. In an embodiment, interior of the circulator includes a plurality of excitation pins placed therein.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator, including: a first stage having four ports; and a second stage having four ports, wherein the first stage and the second stage are connected via a pair of conductive delay lines including a reciprocal delay line placed on a dielectric substrate and a non-reciprocal delay line placed on ferrite substrate, wherein each of the first stage and the second stage include a pair of couplers.

Abstract: A tunable band pass filter (BPF), including a first transmission line electromagnetically coupled to a second transmission line, wherein a length of at least one of the first transmission and the second transmission line is adjustable, and wherein a frequency of a passband of the BPF is directly related to the length of the adjustable transmission line.

Abstract: A compact band pass filter (BPF), including a first transmission line electromagnetically coupled to a second transmission line; an isolating surface positioned between the first transmission line and the second transmission line, wherein the isolating surface includes at least one aperture designed to produce a desired electromagnetic coupling between the first transmission line and the second transmission line wherein the coupling produces a passband such that certain frequencies within an input transmission signal are filtered out; and an array of vias configured to minimize signal energy loss within the BPF.

Abstract: A compact band pass filter (BPF), including a first transmission line electromagnetically coupled to a second transmission line; and an isolating surface positioned between the first transmission line and the second transmission line, wherein the isolating surface includes at least one aperture designed to produce a desired electromagnetic coupling between the first transmission line and the second transmission line wherein the coupling produces a passband such that certain frequencies within an input transmission signal are filtered out.

Abstract: A wide band directional coupler is disclosed. The coupler includes a main transmission line connected between an input port and an output port; and a coupling transmission line having a first length and connected between a coupling port and an isolation port, wherein the coupling transmission line is coupled to the main transmission line through a coupling capacitive connection and a mutual inductive connection, wherein at least a distance between the main transmission line and the coupling transmission line varies along the first length of the coupling transmission line such that any one of a capacitance value of the capacitive connection and an inductance value of the inductive connection is characterized by a relatively low value, wherein a coupling factor of the wide band directional couple remains substantially constant throughout an operating frequency band of the wide band directional coupler.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator, including: a first stage having four ports; and a second stage having four ports, wherein the first stage and the second stage are connected via a pair of conductive delay lines including a reciprocal delay line placed on a dielectric substrate and a non-reciprocal delay line placed on ferrite substrate, wherein each of the first stage and the second stage include a pair of couplers.

Abstract: A tuneable band pass filter (BPF), including a first transmission line electromagnetically coupled to a second transmission line, wherein a length of at least one of the first transmission and the second transmission line is adjustable, and wherein a frequency of a passband of the BPF is directly related to the length of the adjustable transmission line.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator is provided. The circulator includes a first stage having four ports; and a second stage having four ports, wherein the first stage and the second stage are connected via a pair of reciprocal delay lines, and wherein each of the first stage and the second stage includes a pair of couplers.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator is provided. The circulator includes a first stage having four ports; and a second stage having four ports, wherein the first stage and the second stage are connected via a pair of reciprocal delay lines, and wherein each of the first stage and the second stage includes a pair of couplers.

Abstract: A duplexing system including: a duplexer; an antenna capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals; a transmitter adapted to couple electromagnetic signals to said antenna for transmission; a receiver capable of receiving electromagnetic signals; wherein the duplexer includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line, wherein a portion of said first transmission line is placed in proximity to a portion of said second transmission line, wherein one end of said first transmission line is connected to a first duplexer port coupled to said antenna and the second end of said first transmission line is connected to a second duplexer port coupled to said transmitter; and wherein one end of said second transmission line is connected to a third duplexer port coupled to said receiver and the second end of said second transmission line is coupled to ground or to a fourth duplexer port coupled to ground.

Abstract: A compact band pass filter (BPF), including a first transmission line electromagnetically coupled to a second transmission line; and an isolating surface positioned between the first transmission line and the second transmission line, wherein the isolating surface includes at least one aperture designed to produce a desired electromagnetic coupling between the first transmission line and the second transmission line wherein the coupling produces a passband such that certain frequencies within an input transmission signal are filtered out.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator is presented. The RF circulator includes at least one stage having four ports configured to circulate an input RF signal from a first port to a second port while isolating a third port, from the second port to the third port while isolating the first port, and from the third port to the first port while isolating the first port, wherein the fourth port is grounded; and wherein the at least one stage includes at least a pair of couplers connected via a delay line, wherein each coupler includes a main transmission line and a coupling transmission line disposed on distinct dielectric layers.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator is presented. The RF circulator includes at least one stage having four ports configured to circulate an input RF signal from a first port to a second port while isolating a third port, from the second port to the third port while isolating the first port, and from the third port to the first port while isolating the first port, wherein the fourth port is grounded; and wherein the at least one stage includes at least a pair of couplers connected via a delay line, wherein each coupler includes a main transmission line and a coupling transmission line disposed on distinct dielectric layers.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator is presented. The RF circulator includes at least one stage having four ports, a first end, and a second end, wherein a first port and a third port are connected at the first end of the at least one stage, wherein a second port and a fourth port are connected at the second end of the at least one stage, wherein each of the at least one stage includes a pair of couplers connected through a first delay line and a second delay line, thereby forming a network of couplers in the at least one stage.

Abstract: A wide band radio frequency (RF) circulator is presented. The RF circulator includes at least one stage having four ports, a first end, and a second end, wherein a first port and a third port are connected at the first end of the at least one stage, wherein a second port and a fourth port are connected at the second end of the at least one stage, wherein each of the at least one stage includes a pair of couplers connected through a first delay line and a second delay line, thereby forming a network of couplers in the at least one stage.

Abstract: A wide band directional coupler is disclosed. The coupler includes a main transmission line connected between an input port and an output port; and a coupling transmission line having a first length and connected between a coupling port and an isolation port, wherein the coupling transmission line is coupled to the main transmission line through a coupling capacitive connection and a mutual inductive connection, wherein at least a distance between the main transmission line and the coupling transmission line varies along the first length of the coupling transmission line such that any one of a capacitance value of the capacitive connection and an inductance value of the inductive connection is characterized by a relatively low value, wherein a coupling factor of the wide band directional couple remains substantially constant throughout an operating frequency band of the wide band directional coupler.

Abstract: An electronic module includes a substrate, which includes a dielectric material having multiple sides, including first and second sides, and first and second cavities indented respectively within the first and second sides. First and second conductive contacts within the first and second cavities are configured for contact with at least first and second electronic components that are mounted respectively in the first and second cavities. Conductive traces within the substrate are in electrical communication with the first and second conductive contacts.

Abstract: An electronic module includes a substrate, which includes a dielectric material having multiple sides, including first and second sides, and first and second cavities indented respectively within the first and second sides. First and second conductive contacts within the first and second cavities are configured for contact with at least first and second electronic components that are mounted respectively in the first and second cavities. Conductive traces within the substrate are in electrical communication with the first and second conductive contacts.