Abstract: A bipolar battery plate is utilized for production of a bipolar battery. The bipolar battery plate includes a frame, a substrate, first and second lead layers, and positive and negative active materials. The substrate includes insulative plastic with conductive particles homogeneously dispersed throughout the insulative plastic and exposed along surface of the substrate, the substrate positioned within the frame. The first lead layer is positioned on one side of the substrate, while the second lead layer is positioned on another side of the substrate. The first and second lead layer are electrically connected to each through the conductive particles. The positive active material is positioned on a surface of the first lead layer, and the negative active material positioned on a surface of the second lead layer.

Abstract: A bipolar battery plate for a bipolar battery is disclosed. The bipolar battery plate has a frame, a substrate positioned within the frame, a first lead layer positioned on one side of the substrate, a second lead layer positioned on another side of the substrate, a positive active material (PAM) positioned on a surface of the first lead layer, and a negative active material (NAM) positioned on a surface of the second lead layer. The substrate has a plurality of perforations, and a plurality of standoffs integrally formed on opposing side surfaces thereof. The first and second lead layers are electrically connected to each other through the plurality of perforations.

Abstract: A bipolar battery plate is utilized for production of a bipolar battery. The bipolar battery plate includes a frame, a substrate, first and second lead layers, and positive and negative active materials. The substrate includes a plurality of perforations through the substrate, and the substrate is positioned within the frame. The first lead layer is positioned on one side of the substrate, while the second lead layer is positioned on another side of the substrate. The first and second lead layers are electrically connected to each through the plurality of perforations. The positive active material is positioned on a surface of the first lead layer, while the negative active material is positioned on a surface of the second lead layer.

Abstract: A bipolar battery plate is utilized for production of a bipolar battery. The bipolar battery plate includes a frame, a substrate, a conductor, a filler, first and second lead layers, and positive and negative active materials. The substrate is positioned within the frame and includes a plurality of perforations that are sealed by a filler, with the conductor positioned in the perforation and held by the filler. The conductor connects to the plurality of perforations. The first lead layer positioned on one side of the substrate, while the second lead layer positioned on another side of the substrate. The first and second lead layers electrically connected to each other through the filler. The positive active material (PAM) positioned on a surface of the first lead layer, while the negative active material (NAM) positioned on a surface of the second lead layer.

Abstract: A booster cable clamp having an upper jaw and a lower jaw is disclosed. The upper jaw has an upper jaw left wall, an upper jaw right wall, and an upper jaw front wall while the lower jaw has a lower jaw left wall that substantially opposes the upper jaw left wall, a lower jaw right wall that substantially opposes the upper jaw right wall, and a lower jaw front wall that substantially opposes the upper jaw front wall. At least one of the upper jaw left wall, the upper jaw right wall, the upper jaw front wall, the lower jaw left wall, the lower jaw right wall, and the lower jaw front wall includes a substantially planar anvil contact surface.

Abstract: A battery terminal connector comprises a main body including a clamp having first and second flanges extending from ends thereof and a terminal receiving member extending from the first flange. A lever is removeably attached to the first and second flanges by a threaded shaft and a knurled nut. The lever is connected to the threaded shaft by an eyelet and is rotatable between an open position and a closed position. The lever pulls the first and second flanges toward each other in the closed position. A ring terminal has a ring connected to the terminal receiving member.

Abstract: A mobile battery cleaning system to clean industrial batteries on site which can be transported on a truck, which includes a wash cabinet into which the batteries are placed to be high pressure washed by clean water from a holding tank. The washwater is pumped into a reaction tank where it is agitated and chemically treated for sulfates and for ph. A quantity of dry powdered bentonite clay particles with polyelectrolyte and ph adjusters, with a liquid chemical agent is added while the mixture is agitated. Clarification is checked, the contaminants from the batteries are encapsulated and fixed into large "floc" particles which separate from the water. If the system is to be transported to another site, the water may be drained from the reaction tank through cloth filter bags in a collection tank, which extracts the "floc" which is dried and then placed into a drum for storage until the system is returned to its point of origin. The treated water is returned to the holding tank for reuse.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for rejuvenation of strip acid employed in the reclamation of expended lead-acid battery acid through extraction and filtration for removing metallic impurities from the battery acid. In the process of removing impurities from battery acid through extraction, the extractant becomes loaded with impurities and loses its effectiveness. Extractant may be regenerated by contacting it with an strip acid. In the present invention, a reduction process is employed to regenerate the strip acid so that it may be used repeatedly. By recycling the extractant and the strip acid in the present invention, the present process further increases the effectiveness of battery acid regeneration--producing a reclaimed battery acid fluid which performs very well in new batteries and substantially reducing by-product waste in the regeneration of the battery acid.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process of extraction and filtration for removing metallic impurities from the acid in used lead-acid batteries. Produced is a reclaimed battery acid fluid which performs very well in new batteries and which avoids the severe costs and environmental risks entailed in present methods of battery acid fluid disposal.

Abstract: A recombinant electric storage battery which includes separators of multiple fiber electrolyte absorbency that retain a balanced amount of absorbed electrolyte, for controlled recombination and which are in contact with positive and negative plates, the negative plates being antimony free and the positive plates containing antimony in amount of 2 to 4 percent of total alloy weight, which provides considerably greater capacity and cycling life.

Abstract: A combination battery booster cable connector for both top and side terminal batteries for connecting battery cables, which includes a pair of hinged clamp halves, which are resiliently urged together, and have jaws formed adjacent each end, to engage a top battery terminal when in closed engaged position. The connector has portions extending forwardly from the jaws on one side for engaging the side terminal bolt of a side terminal battery.