Abstract: A common mode filter includes a plurality of substrates stacked along an axial direction, a first conductor structure and a second conductor structure disposed on the substrates and including a plurality of first rings and second rings disposed sequentially along the axial direction. The first rings and the second rings are disposed to alternate with each other along the axial direction. The first conductor structure and the second conductor structure are spaced apart by a first clearance in a first direction transverse to the axial direction.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a robotized system of the type including a support onto which is placed an assembly of articulated arms at the end of which is disposed a tool in contact with a determined work surface, the system allowing the displacement of the tool in rotation about the point of contact of the tool with the work surface, in accordance with signals for controlling a module suitable for calculating them as a function of the remote handling of a virtual tool. The system is suitable for moving the point of contact of the tool in translation and this translation is controlled by the module in terms of polar coordinates, so as to have an angular displacement of constituent elements of this same support. The invention is more particularly useful in respect of tele-echography operations.

Abstract: A method for making a laminated chip includes: (a) forming a first conductive layer on a substrate; (b) forming an insulating layer on the first conductive layer opposite to the substrate; (c) bombarding the insulating layer using an electron beam to form a plurality of holes that expose the first conductive layer; and (d) forming a second conductive layer on the insulating layer such that a part of the second conductive layer extends into the holes to electrically connect to the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A method for making a laminated chip includes: (a) forming a first conductive layer on a substrate; (b) forming an insulating layer on the first conductive layer opposite to the substrate; (c) bombarding the insulating layer using an electron beam to form a plurality of holes that expose the first conductive layer; and (d) forming a second conductive layer on the insulating layer such that a part of the second conductive layer extends into the holes to electrically connect to the first conductive layer.

Abstract: Real time biofilm monitoring systems are provided. Said systems comprise single or multiple fiber-optic probes detecting wavelength-specific fluorescence from biomarkers of fouling organisms; a compact optoelectronic interface and data acquisition system interfaced with said probes, wherein said probe or probes are bifurcated and contain at least one excitation and at least one emission filter permitting the simultaneous resolution of multiple biomarkers.

Abstract: Real time biofilm monitoring systems are provided. Said systems comprise single or multiple fiber-optic probes detecting wavelength-specific fluorescence from biomarkers of fouling organisms; a compact optoelectronic interface and data acquisition system interfaced with said probes, wherein said probe or probes are bifurcated and contain at least one excitation and at least one emission filter permitting the simultaneous resolution of multiple biomarkers.

Abstract: Bacteria in fluid systems are identified by using a fluorescently labeled virus as a molecular recognition element for bacteria. The virus, or bacteriophage, are optically encoded with fluorescent reporter molecules to allow detection and quantitation of the phage and the host/phage complex. Biosensors are provided in which the molecular recognition element is immobilized on a substrate.

Abstract: Bacterial spores can be rapidly and sensitively detected and quantified based upon molecular recognition of unique chemicals in the spore coat. Spores can be detected and assayed based upon the calcium concentration in bacterial spore coats using the calcium which is unique to the bacterial spores. Since spores contain a high concentration of calcium relative to other biological materials, fluorescent calcium-sensitive indicators are used to detect Ca+2 displaced from the spore case or free in solution or from the aerosol phase. Visibly excitable fluorescent dyes provide a sensitive and selective means to monitor changes in spore concentration and avoid difficulties associated with laser or UV-excitation.

Abstract: Sensors for detecting microorganisms in gases, liquids, and aerosols are provided which include molecular receptors to interact with the microorganisms, polymeric membranes containing luminescent reagents, optional non-drying membrane additives, an optical substrate as a sensor support, an optional conformable optical substrate or rotating film to refresh the sensor chemistry, and means for detecting the signal from the sensor. Optical sign can be enhanced by immobilizing biocidal compounds in the sensing membrane, immobilizing metal colloids in the sensing membrane, or immobilizing sol-gel coated colloidal particles in the sensing membrane.