Abstract: A continuous process for obtaining acrolein by catalytic dehydration of glycerol or glycerin, in the presence of an acid catalyst, wherein said process comprises the concomitant regeneration of said catalyst and is carried out in a fluidized bed reactor, said reactor comprising two zones, a first zone, or lower zone, termed catalyst regeneration zone, in which a fluidization gas comprising oxygen is introduced, and a second zone, or upper zone, termed reaction zone, in which the glycerol or glycerin is introduced and converted into acrolein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a submillimeter-sized hot-wire sensor (1) comprising a substrate (10), two support rods (11, 12), a metal wire (13) extending between the two ends of the support rods (11, 12), and electrical contacts (14, 15) disposed on the support rods, said contacts each being linked to one of the ends of the wire (13). The metal wire comprises at least two layers of metal materials, one of said layers being made of a material exhibiting a residual stress under tension and the other layer being made of a material exhibiting a residual stress under compression. The thicknesses of these metal layers are adapted so as to compensate the residual stresses between the various layers.

Abstract: A magnetoelectric memory element includes a magnetic element having an easy magnetization axis aligned along a first axis, means for applying to the magnetic element a magnetic polarization field aligned along a second axis not parallel to the first axis, a piezoelectric or electrostrictive substrate mechanically coupled with the magnetic element, and first and second electrodes arranged to apply an electrical field to the substrate so that the substrate exerts, on said magnetic element, a non-isotropic mechanical stress of a main direction generally oriented along a distinct third axis coplanar with the first and second axes. The magnetic element exhibits, by a combined effect of the magnetic polarization field and the easy magnetization axis, two distinct states of stable equilibrium of magnetization, corresponding to two not mutually opposed magnetization directions. The non-isotropic mechanical stress is sufficiently intense to induce a switchover between the two distinct states.

Abstract: The invention relates to a miniaturised sensor having a heating element, and to an associated production method. The sensor includes a substrate, a cavity and a heat-insulating structure suspended above the cavity by areas connecting to the substrate. The heat-insulating structure includes at least two bridges extending above the cavity, the heating element being supported by said bridges, extending transversely thereto.

Abstract: A continuous process for obtaining acrolein by catalytic dehydration of glycerol or glycerin, in the presence of an acid catalyst, wherein said process comprises the concomitant regeneration of said catalyst and is carried out in a fluidized bed reactor, said reactor comprising two zones, a first zone, or lower zone, termed catalyst regeneration zone, in which a fluidization gas comprising oxygen is introduced, and a second zone, or upper zone, termed reaction zone, in which the glycerol or glycerin is introduced and converted into acrolein.

Abstract: Magnetoelectric memory element comprising: a magnetic element (ELM) that has two equilibrium directions (P1, P2) in which its magnetization is stable, these direction not being mutually opposed; a piezoelectric or electrostrictive substrate (SP) mechanically coupled to said magnetic element; and a least a first electrode (EL1) and a second electrode (EL2), arranged so as to apply an electric field to the piezoelectric or electrostrictive substrate such that said substrate exerts on said magnetic element a non-isotropic mechanical stress, able to induce switching of the magnetization state of said magnetic element by magnetostrictive coupling. Memory cell comprising such a memory element. Direct-access non-volatile memory and programmable logic circuit comprising a plurality of such memory cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a submillimeter-sized hot-wire sensor (1) comprising a substrate (10), two support rods (11, 12), a metal wire (13) extending between the two ends of the support rods (11, 12), and electrical contacts (14, 15) disposed on the support rods, said contacts each being linked to one of the ends of the wire (13). The metal wire comprises at least two layers of metal materials, one of said layers being made of a material exhibiting a residual stress under tension and the other layer being made of a material exhibiting a residual stress under compression. The thicknesses of these metal layers are adapted so as to compensate the residual stresses between the various layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of metallurgy and to a method and a device for the extraction of zinc in solution in a liquid iron bath (2) held in a container (3), such as a crucible for the casting of foundry parts. It is characterized in that, before utilizing the bath for the casting of parts, in a first phase, the gas volume (7) situated in the container (3) is sealingly confined in the east iron bath (2) and, in a second phase, a variable partial vacuum is created in the confined atmosphere in a controlled way in order to constantly adjust it to a predetermined value as a function of the time evolution of the pressure of vapor saturating zinc in solution in the melt at the bath temperature; and said zinc is trapped.