Abstract: There is proposed a process for the monitoring of integrated circuits (ASICs 21, 22) in safety-critical applications, in which the ASICs (21, 22) with identical constructions are connected in parallel and simultaneously to all inputs. The ASICs (21, 22) operate closely synchronized with each other and mutually monitor each other. They carry out a comparison of interim results, end results and output data. The logic condition is monitored at different monitoring points; namely, the freely defineable interim and end results of an information processing, the suitable internal switching conditions and the internal signals at discrete scanning points in time.

Abstract: Proposed is a new early warning system for warning persons in a track building site of approaching trains, which receives the danger source consisting of a train by sensors and transmits the signals to alarm installations (8, 9, 10). The alarm installations consist of a siren (8) and optical warning device (10) for the transmission of flashing lights and of a vibrator (9) which can be carried at the body of a person to be warned. The sum of these three alarm installations in connection with suitable sensors (11) and an evaluating unit or central unit form the nucleus of the system.