Abstract: A detector receives energy pulses and a lossy integration circuit generates a lossy integration that, for each pulse, increases over the pulse duration to a maximum value and then decays. The lossy integration is sampled, with a sampling rate and decay rate such that the sample is within a given acceptable error of the maximum value. The sample represents the pulse total energy, within the given acceptable error. An optional circuit and processing function calculates a total accumulated energy over a plurality of pulses.

Abstract: A probe style radiometer includes a generally rectangular cross-sectional body and a probe having a square cross-section. The probe is preferably a hollow rod having a tip equipped with a UV-collecting aperture and a mirror. The mirror reflects UV light entering the aperture down the length of the rod to a detector in the body. A processor in the body then computes the amount of UV radiation based on signals from the detector. The amount may then be provided on a display integrated into the body. A ground quartz or glass window may be provided at the tip to seal the rod from exterior contamination and to diffuse the incoming UV radiation in a manner that will give the probe a near-cosine angular response. Filters within the radiometer body then filter this diffused radiation to the spectral region of interest. Preferably, the radiometer is battery powered and includes switches on the body to allow a user to control the mode of operation.