Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node includes generating a plurality of modulation symbols for information bits; determining a symbol mapping pattern based on a number Nt of antennas of the first communication node, a number NL of spatial layers multiplexed in a same frequency resource, and a number NSSF of modulation symbols belonging to one space-frequency grid; mapping the plurality of modulation symbols to a space-frequency domain based on the symbol mapping pattern; and transmitting the plurality of modulation symbols mapped to the space-frequency domain to a second communication node using the antennas.

Abstract: A method for reducing power consumption of a terminal that communicates with a base station in a mobile communication system using a multi-carrier structure composed of a primary component carrier and at least one secondary component carrier comprises: receiving a discontinuous reception (DRX) parameter group for multi carriers from the base station; and setting the multi carriers to the same parameter value, by using the received parameter group. The method for reducing power consumption of the terminal further comprises: performing a downlink control channel receive operation on each carrier according to a DRX cycle. As the base station in the mobile communication system using the multi-carrier structure simplifies the DRX process for reducing power consumption of a terminal by reducing signaling load for the multi-carrier control of the terminal, it becomes possible to reduce power consumption of the terminal.

Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus of encoding/decoding an intra prediction mode. The method comprises deriving an intra prediction mode with respect to a current block, constructing a reference sample for the current block on the basis of the derived intra prediction mode, and performing the intra prediction with respect to the current block using the derived intra prediction mode and the constructed reference sample, wherein the intra prediction mode is derived on the basis of a most probable mode (MPM).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing binaural rendering of an audio signal are provided. The method includes identifying an input signal that is based on an object, and metadata that includes distance information indicating a distance to the object, generating a binaural filter that is based on the metadata, using a binaural room impulse response, obtaining a binaural filter to which a low-pass filter (LPF) is applied, using a frequency response control that is based on the distance information, and generating a binaural-rendered output signal by performing a convolution of the input signal and the binaural filter to which the LPF is applied.

Abstract: An operation method performed by an apparatus for detecting multiple targets may comprise transmitting first signals using Mt transmit antennas included in the apparatus; receiving the first signals reflected by the multiple targets through Mr receive antennas included in the apparatus; generating a first function for estimating a velocity and an azimuth of each of the multiple targets using the first signals and the reflected first signals; estimating a velocity and an azimuth that maximize a result of the first function as a velocity and an azimuth of a first target closest to the apparatus among the multiple targets; generating a second function by cancelling interference caused by the first target from the first function; and estimating a velocity and an azimuth that maximize a result of the second function as a velocity and an azimuth of a second target among the multiple targets.

Abstract: An image decoding method is disclosed in the present specification. A method of decoding an image, the method may comprises determining whether to perform a context update for a first syntax element of a current block, updating, on the basis of the determination, a context for entropy decoding of the first syntax element and generating, on the basis of the updated context, a bin for the first syntax element, and wherein whether to perform the context update is determined on the basis of the number of pre-decoded predetermined syntax elements for the current block.

Abstract: An operation method of a receiving device may comprise: receiving a periodic band-limited signal from a transmitting device; determining whether a carrier frequency of the periodic band-limited signal satisfies a constraint; converting the periodic band-limited signal into a digital high-frequency band signal by sampling the periodic band-limited signal at an extraction rate equal to or less than a Nyquist extraction rate when the carrier frequency satisfies the constraint; down-converting the digital high-frequency band signal into a digital baseband signal; rearranging samples of a plurality of periods of the digital baseband signal into one period; and generating a reconstructed signal by performing low-pass filtering with a bandwidth of the periodic band-limited signal on the digital baseband signal in which the samples are rearranged.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of registering a new optical network unit (ONU) to be performed by an optical line terminal (OLT). The method includes transmitting a ranging notification message to a centralized unit (CU)/distributed unit (DU) to register the new ONU, receiving scheduling information for registering the new ONU from the CU/DU in response to the ranging notification message, transmitting a serial number request message to a service region in which ONUs are present based on the received scheduling information, and when the serial number response message is received from the new ONU in response to the serial number request message, registering the new ONU that transmits a serial number request message. The transmitting of the serial number request message is performed through a multi-quiet zone of a short period.

Abstract: There is provided a method of decoding an image, the method comprising: decoding information for motion information prediction of a current block from a bitstream, predicting motion information of the current block based on the information, refining motion information of the current block by using the decoded information and the predicted motion information of the current block and reconstructing the current block based on the refined motion information of the current block.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device including a plurality of substrate electrodes on a substrate, the substrate electrodes including initial electrodes and spare electrodes, a bonding material covering the initial electrodes and the spare electrodes, module structures respectively provided on first initial electrodes of the initial electrodes, and solders between each of the first initial electrodes and each of the module structures, wherein the spare electrodes include second spare electrodes, wherein the module structures are not provided on the second spare electrodes, wherein the bonding material on the first initial electrodes is harder than the bonding material on the second spare electrodes.

Abstract: The present specification discloses a method of decoding an image. The method of decoding an image according to the method includes: obtaining transform skip information of a current block from a bitstream; obtaining multiple transform selection information of the current block on the basis of the transform skip information from the bitstream; and performing inverse transform on the current block on the basis of the multiple transform selection information, wherein the multiple transform selection information is used to set each of a horizontal transform type and a vertical transform type.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a hologram with a wide viewing angle is disclosed. The method includes generating a elemental complex hologram by applying oblique projection to three-dimensional (3D) information of an object based on a viewing direction, and generating a final hologram by superposing a plurality of elemental complex holograms generated based on different viewing directions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video encoding/decoding method and apparatus. The video decoding method according to the present invention may comprise dividing a coding unit into a plurality of sub-units according to a block division structure and performing decoding based on the sub-unit, wherein the block division structure is a block division structure in which division is performed so as to include at least one sub-unit having a predetermined block form other than square and rectangle forms.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for imaging nano magnetic particles. The apparatus may include a measurement head in which a through hole for accommodating a sample including nano magnetic particles is formed and in which an excitation coil and a detection coil are installed, a field-free region generation unit for forming a field-free region, in which there are few or no magnetic fields, in a spacing area between the identical magnetic poles that face each other, and a control unit for applying a signal to the excitation coil when the measurement head is located inside the spacing area of the field-free region generation unit, controlling the field-free region so as to move in the sample, and imaging the 3D positional distribution of the nano magnetic particles included in the sample based on a detection signal output from the detection coil.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a gateway-signaling method for frequency/timing offsets and an apparatus for the same. An apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frequency/timing decision unit for determining a center frequency to which a frequency offset is applied using a carrier offset, which is identified using a timing and a management packet transmitted through a Studio-to-Transmitter Link (STL); and an RF signal generation unit for generating an RF signal to be transmitted, which corresponds to the center frequency.

Abstract: An audio signal encoding method performed by an encoder includes identifying a time-domain audio signal in a unit of blocks, quantizing a linear prediction coefficient extracted from a combined block in which a current original block of the audio signal and a previous original block chronologically adjacent to the current original block using frequency-domain linear predictive coding (LPC), generating a temporal envelope by dequantizing the quantized linear prediction coefficient, extracting a residual signal from the combined block based on the temporal envelope, quantizing the residual signal by one of time-domain quantization and frequency-domain quantization, and transforming the quantized residual signal and the quantized linear prediction coefficient into a bitstream.

Abstract: An operation method of a terminal may comprise receiving information on one CG configuration for uplink transmission from a base station; obtaining common time domain resource allocation information for combinations of RB sets based on the information on the one CG configuration; obtaining frequency domain resource allocation information for each of the combinations of the RB sets based on the information on the one CG configuration; determining a number of PRBs to which an uplink channel is mapped based on the frequency domain resource allocation information corresponding to one combination of the combinations; determining a TBS based on the common time domain resource allocation information and the number of PRBs; and transmitting a TB having the TBS to the base station within the one combination through the uplink channel according to the common time domain resource allocation information and the frequency domain resource allocation information.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node may include: mapping data symbols to be transmitted to a second communication node of the communication system to resources in a first two-dimensional (2D) domain; pre-processing the data symbols mapped to the resources in the first 2D domain to spread the data symbols on resources in a second 2D domain; mapping the pre-processed data symbols to the resources in the second 2D domain; and performing multi-carrier modulation on the data symbols mapped to the resources in the second 2D domain for each of the resources in the second 2D domain.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a broadcast signal frame corresponding to a time interleaver supporting a plurality of operation modes are disclosed.

Abstract: An operation method of a relay operating in an in-band full duplex (IFD) scheme includes measuring a signal received from a source node during a first period; measuring a signal received from the source node and a signal received after being transmitted from the relay through a first beam during a second period, the second period being a period after a predetermined delay time from the first period; and calculating a self-interference (SI) amount of the first beam by comparing a measurement result during the second period with a measurement result during the first period.