Abstract: The invention concerns a multifunctional additive enabling fuels to be operable in cold conditions, consisting of copolymers of at least a dicarboxylic compound with at least an olefin, and whereon are grafted nitrogenous functions and/or esters of general formula (1) wherein: R1 and R2, and R4 and R5, R3 and R6 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals, and x is selected among the amine salts and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines and their monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated derivatives, N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamine alkylesters and esters, and alkylamines and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multifunctional additive enabling fuels to be operable in cold conditions, consisting of copolymers of at least a dicarboxylic compound with at least an olefin, and whereon are grafted nitrogenous functions and/or esters of general formula (1) wherein: R1 and R2, and R4 and R5, R3 and R6 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals, and x is selected among the amine salts and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines and their monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated derivatives, N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamine alkylesters and esters, and alkylamines and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines.

Abstract: The invention concerns a fuel for diesel engines, with a sulphur content of less than 500 ppm containing in a major proportion at least one average distillate from a straight-run distilling cup of crude oil, with temperature ranges between 150 and 400° C. and in a minor proportion a lubricating additive containing monocarboxylic and polycyclic acids.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multifunctional additive enabling fuels to be operable in cold conditions, consisting of copolymers of at least a dicarboxylic compound with at least an olefin, and whereon are grafted nitrogenous functions and/or esters of general formula (I) wherein: R1 and R2, and R4 and R5, R3 and R6 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals, and x is selected among the amine salts and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines and their monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated derivatives, N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamine alkylesters and esters, and alkylamines and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a catalytic system comprising a metal of group VIII, a metal of group VI, a metal oxide as carrier and suitable quantities of a component selected from a zeolite of the FER type, phosphorous, and a mixture thereof, in upgrading of hydrocarbons boiling in the naphtha range containing sulfur impurities, namely in hydrodesulfurization with contemporaneous skeleton isomerization of olefins contained in said hydrocarbons and/or with reduction of olefins hydrogenation, carried out in a single step.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for selectively desulphurizing thiopene compounds contained in hydrocarbons derived from crude oil distillation, whether refined or not, which consists in oxidising the thiophene sulphur atoms into sulphone in the presence of an oxidising agent and in separating said sulphonated compounds from said hydrocarbons. The invention is characterised in that it consists in oxidising the thiophene compounds in a two-phase turbulent medium comprising a hydrocarbon phase and an aqueous phase, in the presence of at least an oxidising agent soluble in at least one of the two phases and of at least a metal catalyst in soluble or dispersed form in a liquid of in solid form, separation and oxidation occurring simultaneously.

Abstract: Compositions produced by forming a homogenous mass consisting of a bitumen matrix wherein a cross-linked and/or functionalized elastomer produced in situ from a precursor elastomer is dispersed in a uniform manner and makes up 0.5-30% of the weight of the bitumen matrix. The bitumen matrix is created by associating 95%-20 wt. % non oxidized bitumen having a penetrability of 20-900 and 5-80 wt. % oxidized bitumen having a penetrability of 10-90. The compositions can be used as bitumen binders in the production of coverings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a catalytic system comprising a metal of group VIII, a metal of group VI, a metal oxide as carrier and suitable quantities of a component selected from a zeolite of the FER type, phosphorous, and a mixture thereof, in upgrading of hydrocarbons boiling in the naphtha range containing sulfur impurities, namely in hydrodesulfurization with contemporaneous skeleton isomerization of olefins contained in said hydrocarbons and/or with reduction of olefins hydrogenation, carried out in a single step.

Abstract: The invention provides an emulsified fuel containing a major portion of hydrocarbon liquid and a minor portion of water, containing a set of additives including an emulsifying system comprising from 2.5 to 3.5 parts by weight of at least one sorbitol ester, from 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight of at least one polyalkoxylated fatty acid ester and from 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight of at least one polyalkoxylated compound selected from di- and tri-alkylated iso alcohols, the HLB of the emulsifying system varying from 6 to 8. Additive compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A fouling reducing device for the tubes of a tubular heat exchanger of the type that contains at least one turbulence-generating element lodged inside one of the tubes of the exchanger. The fouling reducing device is a turbulence-generating element made of a metallic alloy with a nickel content that is greater than 50% by weight, and further made of at least one metal chosen from among chrome and molybdenum. The turbulence-generating element has an improved resistance to corrosion when in contact with a hydrocarbon, such as crude oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a catalytic system comprising a metal of group VIII, a metal of group VI, a metal oxide as carrier and suitable quantities of a component selected from a zeolite of the FER type, phosphorous, and a mixture thereof, in upgrading of hydrocarbons boiling in the naphtha range containing sulfur impurities, namely in hydrodesulfurization with contemporaneous skeleton isomerization of olefins contained in said hydrocarbons and/or with reduction of olefins hydrogenation, carried out in a single step.

Abstract: The invention concerns a fuel for diesel engines, with a sulphur content of less than 500 ppm containing in a major proportion at least one average distillate from a straight-run distilling cup of crude oil, with temperature ranges between 150 and 400° C. and in a minor proportion a lubricating additive containing monocarboxylic and polycyclic acids.

Abstract: The invention concerns a composition of mulifunctional additives for cold process treatment obtained by reacting carboxylic compounds with amine compounds, characterized in that it contains at least 50 wt. % of a mixture consisting of 10 to 90 wt. % of an additive (AB) of a carboxylic compound (A) selected among maleic and succinic anhydrides, corresponding acids and esters with a polyalkylamine (B) and 90 to 10 wt. % of an additive (CD) obtained by reacting a copolymer (C) obtained by reacting a first unsaturated carboxylic acid with an alkylated ester of a second unsaturated carboxylic acid, identical to or different from the first, of general formula (II) R1R2C═CR3COOR4 wherein R1 and R2, identical or different, being hydrogen, a linear or branched C1-C20 alkyl radical; R3 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group with not more than three carbon atoms and R4 is hydrogen or a C1-C25 radical, with N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamine (D).

Abstract: The invention concerns a fuel for diesel engines, with a sulphur content of less than 500 ppm containing in a major proportion at least one average distillate from a straight-run distilling cup of crude oil, with temperature ranges between 150 and 400° C. and in a minor proportion a lubricating additive containing monocarboxylic and polycyclic acids.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for industrial-scale preparation of an emulsified fuel including a water phase in a continuous organic phase which contains less than 20% by volume of water, and at least one additive necessary for forming the emulsified fuel. The fuel is formed by mixing and homogenizing the organic phase and the additives, forming a volume V, inside an homogenization tank with internal circulation rate Qc, such that Qc/V≧100 h−1, circulating the homogenized fluid in a branch loop emerging from the tank at a rate Qcirc, and through at least one emulsifying system located on said loop, at a rate such that 0 h<V/Qcirc≦2 h, feeding the aqueous phase into the branch loop upstream of the emulsifying system, and maintaining the homogenization in the tank and the circulation of the liquid in the branch loop until the emulsion acquires a desired characteristic of storage stability.

Abstract: The invention concerns a lubricant for a two-stroke slow speed crosshead marine engine, powered with a fuel with sulfur content not less than 1%, consisting of a mixture of distillates used as lubricating bases containing x wt. % of dispersing additive of the succinimide type, y wt. % of an overbased detergent additive of the sulfonate type, and z wt. % of an overbased detergent additive of the phenate type. The invention is characterized in that x, y and z are selected in the intervals 0.5≦x≦2.5, 2.5≦y≦10 and 11≦z≦24.5 such that 15≦x+y+z≦36 and 1.5≦y/x≦13, the BN of the lubricant, determined according to the ASTM D-2896 standard, is not less than 70 mg KOH/g, and the speed at which sulfuric acid is neutralized by the lubricant, defined by the maximum speed of pressure increase of a closed chamber, with its walls covered with a film of said lubricant from 80 to 100 &mgr;m thick, maintained at 100° C.

Abstract: The invention concerns an additive for motive fuel additive, in particular with low sulphur content not more than 500 ppm, consisting for the most part of a combination comprising 5 to 95 wt. % of a glycerol monoester R1—C(O)—O—CH2—CHO—CH2OH or R1—C(O)—O—CH(CH2OH)2, R1 being an alkyl chain containing 8 to 60 carbon atoms, or a monocyclic or polycyclic group comprising 8 to 60 carbon atoms, and from 5 to 95 wt % of a compound of formula R2—C(O)—X, R2 being an alkyl chain containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms, or a monocyclic or polycyclic group comprising 8 to 60 carbon atoms, and X being selected among (i) the groups OR0, R0 being a hydrocarbon radical comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or several esters; and (ii) the groups derived from primary or secondary amines and alkanolamines with aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, comprising 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A composition for use in forming a dry film coating on metal surfaces to at least temporarily protect the surfaces from oxidation comprises at least 20% by weight of a combination of at least one saturated linear carboxylic monoacid with at least one unsaturated linear carboxylic monoacid. The monoacids are in the form of alkaline, alkaline-earth or amine salts. The carbon chain of each acid comprises an uneven number of carbon atoms varying from 5 to 21. At least 0.5% by weight of a triazole derivative can be added to enhance the anti-corrosion effect. The composition is water-soluble and the dry protective film can be formed by diluting the composition in water, applying the diluted composition to a metal surface and then air drying it.

Abstract: This fouling reducing device for the tubes of a tubular heat exchanger is of the type that is comprised of at least one turbulence generating element lodged inside one of the tubes of said exchanger and made of a metallic alloy with a nickel content that is greater than 50% by weight and furthermore consists of at least one metal chosen from the group comprised of chrome and molybdenum to improve its resistance to corrosion when in contact with one of the hydrocarbons and namely with crude oil.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and device for determining the temperature stability of a water-hydrocarbon emulsion capable of phase separation by monitoring the weight variations of a gravimetric sensor part of which is immersed in said mixture. The method consists in a first step of cooling or heating the emulsion to a predetermined temperature; and a second step during which the emulsion is maintained at this temperature, the time-dependent variation curve of said weight in time enabling the determination of the solid mass collected and the separation speed into two phases by determining the slope of this curve, the stability of the emulsion being obtained by comparison with reference emulsions known to be stable.