Abstract: A microemulsion is prepared containing: a mixture of (1) nitrogenous compounds, (2) from 10-5% by weight of an alkyl or alkenyl phosphoric ester surfactant, the alkyl and alkenyl groups of which contain less than 12 carbon atoms per group and the ester surfactant containing from 1 to 10 alkoxy radicals, (3) from 3 to 20% by weight of at least one cosurfactant, (4) a vegetable oil, an animal oil or a fatty acid and (5) a plasticizer. The microemulsion having a viscosity at 5° C. less than or equal to 200 mPa·sec and is stable at a temperature of −10° C. to +50° C. Further, the microemulsion is useful as a biodegradation accelerator.

Abstract: A method is provided for zeolite synthesis from a synthesis medium containing in particular a trivalent aluminum source, a tetravalent silicon source, at least an alkaline or alkaline-earth cation in hydroxide form and water in a reactor containing a solid helical moving body in a guiding tube defining an internal space and a space external to the tube. The invention is characterized in that the synthesis medium is circulated in the reactor in a continuous flow passing through the internal space then the space external to the tube and returning to the internal space, only driven by the roation of the solid helical moving body, at a speed of less than 500 rpm, in the tube which is kept fixed, the synthesis medium being kept at a temperature suitable for at least one of the ripening operations or the crystal growth of the synthesized zeolite. The invention also is directed to a device for implementing the method.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing fully lattice-inserted titanium zeolites by post-synthesis processing of the synthetic zeolite optionally containing titanium with an inorganic acid, wherein the post-synthesis processing comprises processing the zeolite in the presence of at least one titanium source with a solution containing at least one oxidizing inorganic acid having a higher redox potential than an acidic tetravalent titanium solution. The invention is also directed to the use of the zeolites.

Abstract: The device for ionophoresis combines a donor electrode assembly, a counter electrode assembly and a generator of electricity. The donor assembly comprises a primary reservoir element containing the active principle and a secondary reservoir element containing a neutral electrolyte, these reservoir elements being separated by a semipermeable membrane in polymer material in contact with each of them, and an electrode in contact with the secondary reservoir element. The polymer material of the membrane consists at least in polyethyerblocamide with an Mn between 10000 and 300000 and containing by weight, 35% to 90% of polyamide sequences. The invention is applicable to the transcutaneous administration of active principles to a subject with improved efficiency.

Abstract: An active composite, consisting of a compressed support and of at least one agent that is active with respect to a gas, the compressed support comprising recompressed expanded graphite having a relative density of between 0.02 and 1.5, is formed from a series of sheets superposed on top of one another. According to the invention, the active agent is dispersed between the sheets in the form of granules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new cassette for the expression of an endothiapepsin precursor in Cryphonectria parasitica, to a strain of this species transformed with this cassette, to a process for preparing endothiapepsin using this strain and also to a process for preparing such a strain devoid of a dominant selection marker.

Abstract: The invention provides an activated silica enriched mazzite having a chemical formula in the anhydrous state, expressed in molar ratios of:a M.sub.2/n O; Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; b SiO.sub.2 ;with a variation from 0 to 0.5, M being an alkaline cation of valency n and b being greater than 7, and which has an acid strength corresponding to an amount of heat measured by ammonia absorption microcalorimetry, greater than 190 KJ/mol, and a pore volume, measured by cyclohexane adsorption, greater than 0.09 ml/g. The activated mazzites are useful in the conversion of hydrocarbons, in particular, the isomerization of C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 paraffin, and as molecular sieves in processes for the separation of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Device for producing by chemical reaction cold and/or heat, comprising two reactors containing each an associated salt susceptible of reacting chemically with a gas and dispersed into a porous support, a housing intended to receive the gas from the reactors and a housing intended to deliver the gas to the reactors. Accordingly to the invention, the reactors are arranged in direct contact and in such a way that the heat transfer between each other takes place only by conduction. A process for implementing the chemical reactions between at least one salt and one gas within such a device to product cold and/or heat is also disclosed.

Abstract: A device comprising a reversible negative electrode in contact with a reservoir element containing an electrolyte which contains an active principle such as an anionic oligosaccharide, particularly a pentasaccharide, in at least partially ionised form, a positive electrode alone or in combination with an electrolyte-containing receptacle, and an electrical signal generator connectable to both electrodes. The generator is arranged to apply electrical signals between the electrodes, which signals have an average voltage such that the average current density generated between the electrodes is 0.05-0.25 mA/cm.sup.2. The amount of active principle in the reservoir element combined with the negative electrode is 0.5-12 mg per cm.sup.2. The amount of active principle in the reservoir element combined with the negative electrode is 0.5-12 mg per cm.sup.2 and per mAh of current through 1 cm.sup.2 of the electrode.

Abstract: A method for oxidatively breaking down organic compounds that have low biodegradability and are difficult to oxidize chemically in aqueous effluents, by using a water-soluble peroxide oxidant in the presence of a water-soluble iron or manganese metallophthalocyanine immobilized on an ionic resin consisting of a cross-linked insoluble copolymer derived from a vinylaromatic monomer comprising cationic or anionic groups. The method is particularly suitable for oxidatively decomposing polyhalogenophenols and halogenated hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Active composite consisting of a compressed support and of at least one agent which is active towards a gas, the compressed support including recompressed expanded graphite which has a density of between 0.02 and 1.5. According to the invention the active composite is made up of a series of sheets superposed one above the other, the active agent being dispersed in the flakes.

Abstract: A thermochemical system and process for producing heat and/or cold by solid-gas chemical reaction is disclosed. The system and process utilizes a reactant formed of a compressed support and at least two salts which are distributed throughout the compressed support, the salts being active towards a gas. The salts of the reactant are selected for the system and process so that in the system and process one salt will react with the gas in the reactor while the other salts in the reactant remain substantially unreacted to produce heat or cold at a first temperature or power level and, thereafter, one of the other salts of the reactant reacts with the gas to produce heat or cold at a second temperature or power level which is different from the first temperature or power level.

Abstract: Method of managing a solid/gas adsorption or thermochemical reaction, the site of which is a device comprising a reactor, which contains a solid capable of reacting with a gas, an evaporator/condenser assembly for the gas and means intended to reheat the solid, the method comprising the steps which consist in:bringing the evaporator/condenser assembly, when the latter is filled with liquid, into communication with the reactor so as to cool the evaporator,switching on the means intended to reheat the solid, so as to deliver the gas to the evaporator/condenser assembly.According to the invention, the step of switching on the means intended to reheat the solid starts before the previous step has finished.

Abstract: Recombinant gene coding for a protein having endochitinase activity or for a precursor thereof which comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 below:Gly Gly Asp Leu Gly Ser VaL Ile Ser Asn Ser Met Phe Asp Gln Met Leu Lys His Arg Asn Glu Asn Ser Cys Gln Gly Lys Asn Asn Phe Tyr Ser Tyr Asn Ala Phe Ile Thr Ala Ala Arg Ser Phe Pro Gly, Phe Gly Thr Ser Gly Asp Ile Asn Ala Arg Lys Arg Glu Ile Ala Ala Phe Phe Ala Gln Thr Ser His Glu Thr Thr Gly Gly Trp Pro Ser Ala Pro Asp Gly Pro Phe Ala Trp Gly Tyr Cys Phe Leu Arg Gly Arg Gly Asn Pro Gly Asp Tyr Cys Ser Pro Ser Ser Gln Trp Pro Cys Ala Pro Gly Arg Lys Tyr Phe Gly Arg Gly Pro Ile Gln Ile Ser His Asn Tyr Asn Tyr Gly Pro Cys Gly Arg Ala Ile Gly Val Asp Leu Leu Asn Asn Pro Asp Leu Val Ala Thr Asp Pro Val Ile Ser Phe Lys Thr Ala Ile Trp Phe Trp Met Thr Pro Gln Ser Pro Lys Pro Ser Cys His Asp Val Ile Ile Gly Arg Trp Asn Pro Ser Ala Gly Asp Arg Ser Ala Asn Arg Leu Pro Gly Phe Gly Val Ile Thr Asn Ile Ile Asn Gly Gly Leu Glu Cys Gly Arg Gly Asn Asp Asn Arg Val Gln Asp Arg Ile Gl

Abstract: An iontophoresis device in which at least one of the electrodes is a composite electrode containing a polymeric binder, a powdered or fibrous conductive filler and a divided material capable of being consumed by electrochemical oxidation or reduction. The binder of the composite electrode consists of a polymer containing 10-100 mo % of 1,2-epoxypropane and/or 1,2-epoxybutane, and 40-0 mol % of at least one other monomer that is copolymerizable with such oxides. The device is useful for transcutaneously delivering active principles to a patient.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of organic compounds or polymers containing one or more sulphur atoms and including one or more double bonds in a hydrocarbon chain is described. An acyclic sulphur-containing olefin or an unsaturated sulphur-containing cyclic hydrocarbon undergoes a self metathesis reaction or a cross metathesis reaction with a non-sulphur-containing acyclic olefin or a non-sulphur-containing unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon to produce novel olefins, novel dienes, and/or olefinic polymers containing one or more sulphur atoms.

Abstract: Crystalline microporous solids of the aluminophosphate type consisting of MeAPO-FAU and MeAPSO-FAU with Me denoting a metal which can adopt tetrahedral coordination in an oxide, for example Co and Zn. The solids are synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization of a gel containing the elements Me, Al, P or Me, Al, P and Si and a structuring agent consisting of a mixture of tetrapropylammonium and tetramethylammonium cations. These solids can be employed in adsorption and also as catalysts in the conversion of organic compounds such as hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The invention relates to a DNA sequence of about 1.9 kb comprising at least one phage resistance mechanism, said sequence being obtained from the HindIII--HindIII DNA sequence of 3.3 kb contained in the strain Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis, deposited in the CNCM under no. I-945, by the PCR method.

Abstract: Biodegradation additive characterized in that it consists of a mixture of (i) at least one assimilable nitrogen source composed of at least one unsubstituted or substituted amino acid; (ii) at least one phosphorus source, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus ranging from 2 to 100, said additive being subjected to a treatment to make it oleophilic. The invention also concerns an additive in accordance with any of the foregoing claims for the biodegradation of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for enantioselective catalytic hydrogenation of the ketone C.dbd.O double bond to a secondary alcohol function, said process using a neutral ruthenium complex as the catalyst and a compound containing a C.dbd.O group as the substrate to be hydrogenated, characterised in that it comprises hydrogenation of the substrate using a diallyl (diphosphino) ruthenium compound with formula ##STR1## where al preferably represents CH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or CH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH.sub.2,Q represents a hydrocarbon bridge containing at least two catenary carbon atoms and which can contain one to four catenary heteroatoms selected from O, S, N and Si,R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 may be identical or different and each represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl group.